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1、本文档可编辑修改，感谢大家下载本文档可编辑修改，感谢大家下载Writing 1阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。Yesterday Matt was sick.I picked up Archie from the sitter and Eloise from school and decided to run to Target for a few things.I had hoped to be in and out quickly. I found a line with just one person ahead of me and began organizing
2、 my items on the conveyor.After placing my items ，I looked up to see that the person ahead of me was an elderly woman. She was paying for her items with change and wanted to purchase each separately.I was frustrated with this woman and the inconvenience she had placed on me. But then I watched the y
3、oung employee with this woman.I watched him help her count her change ，ever so softly taking it from her shaking hands. When she asked if she had enough to buy a reusable bag ，he told her she did and went two lines over to get one for her and then repackaged her items.Never once was this employee an
4、gry.He was nothing but patient and kind. As I was watching him，I saw that Eloise was too.She was standing next to the woman，watching the employee count the change.I realized I hadnt been inconvenienced at all.That my daughter was instead witnessing kindness and patience and being taught this valuabl
5、e lesson by a complete stranger. When the woman was finished，the employee began ringing up my items and thanked me for my patience.I then thanked him for teaching us patience and kindness by his treatment of that elderly woman.When he was finished I pushed my cart through the store trying to find th
6、e manager.I wanted her to know of the employees kindness and patience and how much it meant to me.After tracking her down and sharing the story with her，we left Target with a cart full of consumable items ，but what is more，a heart full of gratitude for such an invaluable lesson. If you are ever in t
7、he Glendale Target ，give Ishmael a smile and a nod.The world could use more people like him. _ _ _ 【写作指导】要写好记叙文的概要，先要找到以下两个问题的答案：(1)谁做了什么？ (2)结果如何？如果是夹叙夹议文，还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育意义。就该题而言，本文的概要应该包含：作者购物的时间、地点、结果以及从本次购物中得到的启示，最后用自己的语言串联起来。【参考范文】The passage tells us an experience of shopping.(要点 1)One day，t
8、he author with two children went to Target for shopping.(要点 2)While waiting in line，she found an old lady was troublesome ，but the young employee treated her patiently.(要点 3)Seeing that，the author was touched by his kindness and patience and she thought her children would learn a lot from this exper
9、ience.( 要点 4) Writing 2阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。Sugars are popular in the processed food industry because they add taste ，colour and thickness to food products. The studies have shown that sugars can provide a source of energy.The body breaks down the sugar into simple forms that can be readily us
10、ed in the body.But too much sugar can contribute to health problems like obesity and tooth disease. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页本文档可编辑修改，感谢大家下载本文档可编辑修改，感谢大家下载Having too much sugar is not the only reason for obesity or being overweight ，but it does add to the amount of kil
11、ojoules in food.Eating too much of any food，without doing enough exercise ，will cause you to become overweight. Governments in the United States and United Kingdom are waging a war on sugar in the interests of public health.Both countries claim that the overconsumption of sugar by much of the popula
12、tion is harmful to people s health.On Thursday，the US.government issued new dietary guidelines that strongly recommend people receive less than 10 per cent of their daily calorie intake from added sugar.On the same day ，British Prime Minister David Cameron said he has not ruled out the idea of a tax
13、 on sugar to encourage consumers to buy food with reduced levels of the sweet.Politicians in the UK.are debating how a reduction in the intake of sugar could help reduce Britains rising rates of obesity. The American and British governments both refer to a study conducted in Mexico that showed a tax
14、 on sugary，carbonated drinks led to a reduction in consumption.The tax was carried out on January 1 ，2014 and purchases of the taxed drinks went down by 12 per cent by December of that year.Sales of mineral water increased by 4 per cent over the same period.An alternative to taxing sugared drinks is
15、 to reduce the level of sugar in them.Researchers at Queen Mary University in London say that reducing the sugar content in sugarsweetened drinks by 40 percent over five years could prevent one million cases of obesity in the UK.Researchers say people might not even notice the changes. _ _ _ 【写作指导】本
16、文是一篇说明文，讲述了人体摄入过多糖分会影响健康。英国和美国政府都号召人们不要摄入过多糖分，甚至考虑通过增收糖税来减少糖的食用。读懂原材料是写好概要的关键，在理解原文的基础上，用尽可能简洁的语言集中概括原文的主要观点及思想，但不能简单重复原文，同时，对各要点的概括要详略得当，结构严谨，表达明确，语义准确简练，避免空泛、含混之词。【参考范文】Sugar is useful for our body，but too much sugar does harm to our health ，which probably leads to health problems.(要点 1)As for thi
17、s，governments in the United States and United Kingdom call on people not to take in too much sugar.(要点 2)British Prime Minister even planned to put a tax on sugar.(要点 3)A study showed that the tax on sugar helped reduce the consumption of sugar.( 要点 4)Researchers also think reducing the sugar conten
18、t slightly would not be noticed.(要点 5) Writing 3阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。Dieters have long sworn that grapefruit helps them lose weight.The Grapefruit Diet，also called the Hollywood Diet，dates back to the 1930s and has a host of celebrity fans including singer Kylie Minogue.It involves having grap
19、efruit or grapefruit juice with every meal while cutting back on calories. Now，scientists are beginning to believe them. A study has found that drinking grapefruit juice when eating fatty food lowers the amount of weight put on by up to a fifth. The research also suggested that grapefruit could be a
20、s good as prescription drugs at keeping blood sugar levels under controla key part of managing diabetes. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页本文档可编辑修改，感谢大家下载本文档可编辑修改，感谢大家下载The experiments were conducted on micebut researchers say the results justify studies on humans.Professor Jos
21、eph Napoli ，of the University of California ，Berkeley，said，“We see all sorts of scams about nutrition. But these results ，based on controlled experiments ，warrant further study of the potential health promoting properties of grapefruit juice.”The researchers found that when the mice were fed fatty f
22、ood for three months，those given grapefruit juice to drink gained up to 18 percent less weight than those given water. They also had lower blood sugar and insulin levelsdespite eating the same number of calories and doing the same amount of exercise as the mice who drank water. In fact ，grapefruit j
23、uice was as good at controlling insulin as the widely used diabetes drug metformin ，the journal PLOSONE reports. However，the fruit juice only had an effect on weight when the animals ate fatty food.The researchers said they did not know how grapefruit stops the pounds from piling on. Spokesman Marie
24、tte Abrahams ，a dietician，said until then it is too early for people to try grapefruit diets.“Grapefruit should be part of a healthy balanced diet ，but it shouldnt be the focus of the diet，” she said. _ _ _ 【写作指导】本文是一篇科普类说明文，主要介绍了葡萄柚的减肥功效。第一段介绍了葡萄柚用于减肥的历史背景；第二至七段的内容是：研究表明，葡萄柚对人的身体健康有很多好处；第八段介绍了葡萄柚汁减
25、肥的局限性；最后一段对葡萄柚饮食提出了不同的意见。考生在作答时，应注意条理清晰，避免混乱性语句；语言简洁，要点全面，可将原文中涉及的人名、地名等非重要信息忽略，以节约词数。另外，考生在作答时应注意语言的准确性和语句间的衔接性。【参考范文】Dieters think grapefruit juice helps lose weight and the Grapefruit Diet or the Hollywood Diet was a popular way of losing weight in the 1930s.(要点 1)The experiments conducted on mic
26、e，which can also apply to humans ，shows that grapefruit juice benefits the loss of weight and the control of blood sugar and insulin levels.(要点 2)However，the fruit only takes effect when the animals eat fatty food.(要点 3)The opposite view doesnt think eating grapefruit can be the focus of the diet.(要
27、点 4) Writing 4阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。In fact，great white sharks are not white. The name is thought to have come about because these sharks are white in one circumstance when they are lying dead on the deck of a boat. It would be more proper to call this species the “black shark ”They have a dark
28、 upper surface ，which means their prey( 猎物) are difficult to spot them approaching from the dark depths. Speaking of prey，they have been recorded dining out on a wide range of species ，including whales，squid(鱿鱼)，turtles and occasionally penguins. “If you make a list of everything thats been found in
29、 a white sharks stomach，youd get a variety of things，” says marine biologist George Burgess of the University of Florida in Gainesville.But whats clear is that their tastes change as they age. “They are almost just fisheaters until they are 7，8，9 feet long，” says Burgess. “As they get bigger，they wi
30、ll begin to start eating mammal prey if they get the opportunity. ”These older sharks prefer seals ，sea lions and walruses.When they strike from below，at 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页本文档可编辑修改，感谢大家下载本文档可编辑修改，感谢大家下载speed ，white sharks can clear the surface by as much as 3 m.
31、 To locate their prey，white sharks use almost every trick in the book.“They have a series of senses ，” says Burgess. In a 1963 study，researchers hung a speaker over the edge of their boat off Miami to see if they could attract sharks with sound. No great white sharks were spotted in this study ，but
32、its reasonable to assume they have good hearing too. As a great white shark gets closer to its prey，its sense of smell begins to kick in.A study of the brains of different species of sharks shows that the great white s olfactory bulb (嗅球) is especially large. Their vision is not bad，either.“They see
33、 particularly well，” says Burgess. They also have two less familiar senses.Their lateral lines，which run along their sides，can detect changes in water pressure that reveal their preys movements. _ _ _ 【写作指导】本文是一篇说明文。说明文的概要写作一般有三种参考模板：(1)描写某事物的性质功用。即 “对象性质功用利好”：(In the passage) the writer introduces.
34、to us，especially its.，from which we know.(2)针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题解决方法 ”：The passage tells us.，including.(3)介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象原因结果”：(The author/writer said/talks about) .of.，because/but. 。本文可以采用第一种模板。【参考范文】The passage introduces something about white sharks ，such as the origin of the name and how they
35、get their prey.(要点 1)When they are lying dead on the deck of a boat ，they are white，but they have a dark upper surface.(要点 2)What they eat are various，including a wide range of species.When they are small they eat fish.As they become bigger，they eat mammal prey.(要点3)Their senses such as hearing，smell and vision are good.( 要点 4) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页