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1、UNIT 3FOOD AND CULTURE(满分：120分建议用时：120分钟) 第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题25分， 满分375分)阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASummer Programs for TeensUniversity of Maryland: TERP Young ScholarsThis program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests,
2、 explore career opportunities, and discover college life at the University of Maryland. During three weeks of intellectual exploration, teens can study with students who share similar interests, and communicate with some of the universitys best teachers. Upon successful completion, students can earn
3、 three college credits. Carpe Diem: The Universitybound AdventureCarpe Diem supports both American and international students in applying to a university by providing private consultation. This 2week experience also includes tours of famous East Const universities. Students will also have the opport
4、unity to build their resumes (简历) by working with writing experts. Great Books Summer ProgramThis is a lively, warm and welcoming summer camp community of outstanding teens, who love literature and ideas In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high school students from across the world
5、to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience heated discussions and enjoy summer camp fun with other literaryminded students. Participants can gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both verbally and in writing. Zeal TravelWe o
6、ffer our teens twoweek and threeweek long trips to Hawaii, Alaska, Australia and Spain. All trips include 1525 hours of community service activities. Depending on your trip of choice, youll be helping Hawaiians protect their forest ecosystem, caring for dogs in Spain, working with Habitat for Humani
7、ty, and much more. Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, iceclimbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest. ()1Which program offers students the opportunity to develop academic interests?ACarpt Diem. BZeal Tr
8、avel. CUniversity of Maryland. DGreat Books Summer Program. ()2What can students do in Great Books Summer Program?ALearn how to write stories. BAttend a campus cultural event. CMake friends with famous writers. DRead and discuss the great works of literature. ()3What is special about Zeal Travel?AIt
9、 includes a lot of thrilling outdoor activities. BIt provides community service for students. CIt offers students exciting free trips. DIt will last 3 weeks. 【语篇导读】本文是一则广告。文章介绍了一些青少年暑期活动项目。1C细节理解题。根据University of Maryland：TERP Young Scholars中 “This program is the perfect summer camp for academically
10、 talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests (这个项目是一个完美的夏令营，专为那些想要追求学术兴趣的那些有天赋的青少年准备的)”可知，University of Maryland项目提供学生发展学术兴趣的机会。2D细节理解题。根据 Great Books Summer Program中“In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from
11、the greatest works of literature, experience heated discussions and enjoy summer camp fun with other literaryminded students(在过去的11年里，它聚集了来自世界各地的中学生来阅读最伟大的文学作品，经历激烈的讨论，和其他有文学头脑的学生一起享受夏令营的乐趣)”可知，学生们可以在暑期活动中阅读和讨论伟大的文学作品。3A细节理解题。根据Zeal Travel中 “Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like
12、surfing, driving, iceclimbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest(每次旅行还包括令人兴奋的户外活动，如冲浪、驾驶、攀冰、徒步旅行等。可能性是无限的，每一个兴趣都有热情的旅行)”可知，Zeal Travel的特殊之处是它包含很多刺激的户外活动。BWhen I was small, my mother and I would walk to our local library in Franklin Square. As
13、we didnt always have access to a reliable car, walking hand in hand was the most convenient way to get anywhere. It was at story time for children that both my mother and I made lasting friendships. Today, I am fortunate to live around the corner from the Gold Coast Public Library in Glen Head and a
14、 short walk to the Sea Cliff Childrens Library. My 18monthold son, Colin, and I find ourselves in Sea Cliff several times a week, meeting and making friends. Well, that is what many people dont understanda library is more than books; its a community. Sure, the library in Franklin Square was the plac
15、e where I was introduced to Judy Blume novels. But it was also the place where I got my first email address in 1997At the library, friends and I learned how to research colleges and search for scholarships on the Internet. The library was the place where we sometimes giggled (咯咯笑) too loudly, and wh
16、ere the librarians knew us by name. Their knowing our names wasnt a bad thing. When I came home from my first term at Binghamton University, Mary LaRosa, the librarian at the Franklin Square library offered me my first teaching job. I now teach reading at Nassau Community College. My students are of
17、ten amazed that they can check out books via their smartphones and virtually(虚拟地) visit a variety of Long Island libraries. The app used by Nassau and Suffolk county public libraries, as well as the college library, makes their homework easier by helping them find resources. Even though they cant al
18、ways easily visit their local libraries, the library is always with them. ()4Why does the author consider herself lucky today?AShe lives close to libraries. BShe has access to a reliable car now. CShe can meet friends at the library. DShe has become her mothers best friend. ()5What did the author do
19、 at the library according to the passage?AShe told stories to her mother. BShe learned how to go online. CShe got her current teaching job. DShe initially read Judy Blume novels. ()6What is the authors attitude to her students way of visiting libraries?ACautious.BFavorable. CAmbiguous.DDisapproving.
20、 ()7Why does the author write the text?ATo express how libraries change. BTo introduce her favorite libraries. CTo express her deep love for libraries. DTo discuss why libraries are important. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文中讲述了自己从小到大与图书馆的深厚情缘。4A细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “As we didnt always have access to a reliable car, w
21、alking hand in hand was the most convenient way to get anywhere. ”和第二段中的“Today, I am fortunate to live. Sea Cliff Childrens Library. ”可知，作者如今觉得自己很幸运是因为她现在住得离图书馆很近。5D细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Sure, the library in Franklin Square was the place where I was introduced to Judy Blume novels. ”可知，作者初次了解接触Judy Blume小
22、说。6B推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者的学生经常用智能手机虚拟式获取图书馆资源，作者认为虽然他们不能实地拜访图书馆，这种方式也是不错的。7C写作目的题。通读全文可知，作者讲述了自己从小到大与图书馆的紧密联系，字里行间饱含着对图书馆深深的爱。CChildren in rural areas of Cambodia often suffer from or even die of preventable illnesses because there is not any soap available. In 2014，Samir Lakhani，an American college stu
23、dent, saw the issue while volunteering in a Cambodian village. “I remember quite vividly a mother bathing her newborn baby with laundry powder, which is so harmful to the skin, ” said Lakhani. “Its difficult for rural Cambodians to access soap. First is affordability. If you earn only $150 every day
24、, you wont spend $1 on a bar of soap. Then comes access. The demand is so low that local shops dont stock soap. The last reason, because many Cambodians dont really understand where diseases come from, they dont know how to prevent them, including using soap. ”After figuring out a solution to the pr
25、oblem: the barelyused soap in hotels, Lakhani started asking hotels to donate leftover soap. “They were all eager to help. ” he explained. Lakhani registered EcoSoap Bank shortly afterwards. Soon, he received enough funds to hire disadvantaged Cambodian women to collect and reproduce the used soap.
26、Today, the organization has four recycling centers across the country, providing jobs to 35 local women. And so far, some 174,000 bars of soap have been donated, about 24,000 pounds of soap has been recycled, and hygiene (卫生) has been improved for about 661,000 people. “We are killing three birds wi
27、th one stone. ” Lakhani said. When it comes to the future of EcoSoap Bank, Lakhani said, “Weve just scratched the surface. Lack of hygiene is not something unique to Cambodia. The demand for improved hygiene in the developing world is huge, and much remains to be done. Were looking at seven countrie
28、s to expand to in the near future. ”()8Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the reason why rural Cambodians dont use soap?APoverty.BInaccessibility. CUnawareness.DTradition. ()9What does the underlined part “killing three birds” in Paragraph 5 refer to?ASaving soap, curing diseases and providi
29、ng education. BStopping pollution, proving jobs and inspiring donation. CReducing waste, providing employment and improving health. DRecycling waste, helping charity and improving community hygiene. ()10What can we infer about EcoSoap Bank?AIt wont be long before it expands to the whole world. BTher
30、es little it can do without other countries assistance. CIt will make greater contributions to the developing world. DIt will soon settle the problem of poor hygiene in Cambodia. ()11What does the text mainly talk about?AEcoSoap Bank helps improve hygiene. BCambodian women have a bright future. CA U
31、S young man calls for helping poor countries. DLack of hygiene remains a serious problem in the world. 【语篇导读】本文是一片说明文。文章通过描述生态肥皂银行(EcoSoap Bank)对于促进柬埔寨农村卫生条件改善、促进就业以及废物利用的积极作用，说明了将来它会对改善发展中国家的卫生条件做出巨大贡献。8D细节理解题。根据第二段 “First is affordability. Then comes access. The last reason, because many Cambodian
32、s dont really understand where diseases come from, they dont know how to prevent them，including using soap. ”可知，贫穷、香皂难购买以及没有使用意识是农村柬埔寨人不使用香皂的三点原因，其中并没有提到传统。9C词义猜测题。第四段第二句“Soon, he received enough funds to hire disadvantaged Cambodian women to collect and reproduce the used soap. ”可知，用这种方法为有残疾的柬埔寨女性提
33、供了就业；根据倒数第二段倒数第二句“. about 24,000 pounds of soap has been recycled, and hygiene (卫生)has been improved for about 661,000 people. ”可知，废弃肥皂得到了回收，卫生健康得到了改善。故可推测画线部分指的是减少了浪费，提供了就业和改善了健康。10C推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“The demand for improved hygiene in the developing world is huge, and much remains to be done. ”可知，生
34、态肥皂银行会对将来改善发展中国家的卫生条件做出巨大贡献。11A主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容为叙述生态肥皂银行对于改善柬埔寨农村卫生条件的积极作用，说明了生态肥皂银行将会对于将来发展中国家卫生条件的改善起到重大作用。DMicrosoft has developed a new smartphone app that interprets eye signals and translates them into letters, allowing people with ALS(渐冻症)to communicate with others from a phone. The GazeSpeak a
35、pp combines a smartphones camera with artificial intelligence to recognize eye movements in real time and convert them into letters, words and sentences. For people suffering from ALS, also known as motor neurone(神经元)disease, eye movement can be the only way they are able to communicate. “Current ey
36、etracking input systems for people with ALS or other motor disabilities are expensive, not constant under sunlight, and require frequent readjustment and considerable, relatively fixed systems，” said Xiaoyi Zhang, a researcher at Microsoft who developed the technology. “To reduce the drawbacks. we c
37、reated GazeSpeak, an eyegesture communication system running on a smartphone, and is designed to be lowcost, constant, portable and easy to learn. ”The app is used by the listener by pointing their smartphone at the speaker. A chart stuck to the back of the smartphone is then used by the speaker to
38、determine which eye movements to make for communication. The label shows four grids(方格)of letters, which each correspond to a different eye movement. By looking up, down, left or right, the speaker selects which grids they want the letters belong to. The artificial intelligence algorithm(计算程序)is the
39、n able to predict the word or sentence they are trying to say. Zhangs research, SmartphoneBased Gaze Gesture Communication for People with Motor Disabilities, is set to be presented at the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems in May. ()12How does the new smartphone app help people with A
40、LS?ABy connecting its camera with sufferers appearance. BBy communicating with people directly with a camera. CBy changing eye movements into detailed written information. DBy looking into the eyes of the sufferers. ()13Whats right about ALS?APeoples organs cant function at all. BNot all of the orga
41、ns cant function. CPeoples organs are frozen. DPeople can still communicate without barrier. ()14Whats the underlined part mean?AThe system cant be used in the sunlight. BThe system cant be put into use. CThe system is not perfect at present. DThe system is not available for everyone. ()15Who would
42、be the potential users of the app?AThose who have physical disease. BPeople who cant move at all. CThose who cant communicate normally at all. DThose who has motor neurone disease. 【语篇导读】本文为应用说明文。微软开发了一个新的智能手机应用程序，可以识别眼部信号并将其翻译成字母。专为那些患有渐冻症的人群设计的。12C细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The GazeSpeak app combines a smartph
43、ones camera with artificial intelligence to recognize eye movements in real time and convert them into letters, words and sentences. ”可知，微软研发的这款手机应用程序可以实时识别人们眼球运动，把它们转化为详细的书面信息。13B推理判断题。根据第三段第一句 “For people suffering from ALS, also known as motor neurone disease, eye movement can be the only way the
44、y are able to communicate(患有ALS的人，眼球运动可能是他们沟通的唯一的方式)”可知，并非所有的器官失去了功能，A项太绝对了，C项说人的器官冻僵，不正确；D项这些人交流无障碍更是错误的。只有B项说并非所有的器官没有功能是正确的。ALS, 即Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis的缩写，肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症，又叫渐冻症。14D猜测词义题。根据画线部分上句 “Current eyetracking input systems for people with ALS or other motor disabilities are expensive(目
45、前针对ALS或其他运动障碍患者的眼睛跟踪输入系统价格昂贵)” 可知，“not constant under sunlight”指的是这个系统的费用很贵，不是每个人都能用的。15D推理判断题。根据第一段 “Microsoft has developed a new smartphone app that interprets eye signals and translates them into letters, allowing people with ALS to communicate with others from a phone. ”和第三段 “For people sufferi
46、ng from ALS, also known as motor neurone disease, eye movement can be the only way they are able to communicate. ”可知，这种app是为患有ALS(渐冻症)的人，即患有运动神经元病的人(Those who has motor neurone disease. )用的。第二节(共5小题；每小题25分， 满分125分)阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Be at your best!What does your brain need t
47、o work well? Here are some things it needs. Good foodExperts say that breakfast is much more important than any other meal. _16_. So dont miss breakfast especially before an exam! But you need to eat a good breakfast junk food wont work. A regular supply of energyYour brain needs a regular supply of
48、 energy, so you need to eat carbohydrates (碳水化合物)Theyre found in bread, rice, pasta and beans. _17_. They work more quickly than bread and rice, so they give you a short burst (爆发) of energy, but afterwards you feel more tired. A continuous supply of oxygen (氧气)Your brain needs oxygen, which it gets from exercise. _18_. You also need a good supply of iron because