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1、UNIT 4BODY LANGUAGE第一部分阅读(共两节， 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEach applicant to Harvard College is considered with great care. We consider each applicant to Harvard College as a whole person, and put enormous care into evaluating every application. We hope you w
2、ill explore the information in this section to understand what we look for in our admissions process.How to ApplySubmit your application through the Common Application, the Coalition Application, or the Universal College Application. Each is treated equally by the Admissions Committee. Complete and
3、submit your materials as soon as possible to ensure full and timely consideration of your application. View our Application Tips for stepbystep information. When to ApplyDateDeadlineDateDeadlineNovember1Early Action DeadlineMarch 1Financial Aid Application deadlineNovember1Early Financial Aid Applic
4、ation deadlineLate MarchDecision letters mailedMidDecemberEarly Auction decisions releasedMay 1Reply date for Admitted StudentsJanuary1Regular Decision deadlineWhat We Look forWe seek promising students who will contribute to the Harvard community during their college years, and to society throughou
5、t their lives.While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement, the Admission Committee considers many other factors strong personal qualities, special talents or excellences of all kinds, perspectives formed by unusual personal circumstances, and the ability to take advantage of available res
6、ources and opportunities.We outline everything you need to apply to Harvard.1Where can you find stepbystep information of how to apply?AThe Common Application. BThe Coalition Application. CThe Universal College Application. DApplication Tips. 2Which is the final day for Financial Aid Application?ANo
7、vember 1.BJanuary 1.CMarch 1.DMay 1.3What is the basic requirement to apply for Harvard University?AAcademic accomplishment.BStrong personal qualities.CSpecial talents.DUnique perspectives.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了申请进入哈佛大学的流程， 包括如何申请、何时申请以及哈佛大学关注何种类型的考生。1D细节理解题。根据How to Apply部分中的最后一句“View our Applicati
8、on Tips for stepbystep information.”可知， 如果要知道申请步骤， 可以阅读申请建议。2C细节理解题。根据When to Apply部分的“March 1: Financial Aid Application deadline”可知， 助学金申请的最后期限是3月1日。3A细节理解题。根据What We Look For部分中第二段中的“While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement”可知， 进入哈佛大学就读的最基本条件是学术成就满足要求。BWhen I was five or six years o
9、ld, I remember watching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the world. I would say to myself, “When I grow up, when I can get rich, I will save kids all over the world.”At 17, I started my career here in America, and by the age of 18, I started my first charity organization. I went
10、 on to team up with other organizations in the following years, and met, helped, and even lost some of the most beautiful souls, from sixyearold Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia (白血病), whose story inspired thousands to volunteer as donors, to my grandmother, who lost her battle wi
11、th cancer in 2012, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation(CLF) . Were all human. And we all just want a chance: a chance at life, a chance in education, a chance at a future, really. And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it sta
12、rts with just one. People make it seem too hard to do charity work. The truth is, you dont have to be rich to help others. You dont need to be famous. You dont even have to be collegeeducated. But it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, th
13、e kid down the block in your neighborhood. You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can. And today, I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person, one organization, one situation that touches your heart. My grandmother always used to say, “If youve got a dol
14、lar, theres plenty to share.”4What did the author want to do at a young age?AWatch TV.BGrow up quickly. CBecome wealthy.DHelp other children. 5What directly caused the author to create and develop the CLF?AA sixyearold kids request.BHer grandmothers death of cancer. CMany volunteers inspiration.DOth
15、er organizations encouragement. 6What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AA chance.BA task. CA life. DAn organization. 7What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph?ADo little things to help those around them.BWork hard to get a college education.CChallenge their
16、friends to offer help.DDo charity work whatever you are.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。慈善无关贫富， 无关名誉， 无关教育背景；从帮助身边的人做起， 成就自己的事业。4D细节理解题。根据第一段中的第二句“I would say to myself, When I grow up, when I can get rich, I will save kids all over the world.”并结合第一段内容可知， 小时候在电视中看到受苦的孩子， 作者想要在长大后帮助他们。5B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中“to my grandmot
17、her, who lost her battle with cancer in 2012, which is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation(CLF)”可知， 在2012年， 祖母因病去世， 这促使作者成立了克拉拉莱昂内尔基金会(CLF)。6C代词指代题。根据第二段的最后一句“And at CLF, our mission is to impact as many lives as possible, but it starts with just one.”可知， 在克拉拉莱昂内
18、尔基金会中作者的任务是尽可能影响更多的生命， 但这个任务从影响一个人的生命开始。根据该句中的“as many lives as possible”， 结合“but it starts with just one”可知， 画线词one指代“a life”。7A推理判断题。根据第三段中的第五句“But it starts with your neighbor, the person right next to you, the person sitting next to you in class, the kid down the block in your neighborhood.”可知，
19、作者建议慈善从帮助身边的人做起。CIn the short time Steve and Zach had been inside their tent packing their tools, windblown flame had skipped from the top of one tree to another. The long dry summer had turned the forest into a tinderbox.“Lets go! We can make it back to the river we crossed today! ” Steve kept Brad
20、y on the lead and their heads down against the firewind. But Brady barked a sharp warning. Ahead of them lay a thick curtain of smoke across the track. They would never make it through that. The dog was pulling at his lead trying to draw them away from the smoke, and yet Steve was uneasy. It seemed
21、to him that they were moving away from the river.Suddenly, Zach cried. “Zach! ” Steve shouted. “Are you OK? Where are you? ” Then Brady pulled Steve down a sharp slope(坡) . At its base, Zach was rubbing his ankle. As Steve helped his friend to his feet, Brady lifted his head and snuffed(嗅) the smoke
22、laden wind. Next moment, the dog bounded away and disappeared. The boys shouted for him, but he didnt come back. Steve couldnt blame Brady for panicking. He himself wanted to run even though he didnt have a clue which way. Steve and Zach hadnt gone far when there was a familiar bark, and Brady came
23、bounding, stopped directly in front of Steve and hit him with his head, pushing him back toward the slope theyd just climbed. But Steve didnt get it. Then Brady grabbed the boys jeans and started pulling. The message was clear, but Steve hesitated. Of course he remembered Brady saving his uncles lif
24、e when the dog was much younger. Was he still sharp enough to get them through this?Nearby, a pine went up in a whoosh of smoke. Brady pulled again, urgently. “OK, big guy, ” Steve gritted(咬紧牙关) . Brady led them back down the slope and into the trees. Not far from them fire was touching underbrush.
25、Several times the big dog stopped. Often he changed directions. Steve was so tired that he just wanted to rest, but Brady wouldnt have it. The dog bullied both boys to go on. How long theyd walked Steve had no idea. He was almost numb when he heard it the wonderful sound of rushing water! 8What happ
26、ened to Steve and Zach at first?AThey got injured.BThey lost their dog. CThey were trapped.DThey became separated. 9Why did Brady want to run away?ATo seek help.BTo find a way out. CTo rescue Zach.DTo escape for life. 10How did Steve feel after Brady pulled his jeans? AUneasy.BImpatient. CNumb. DUnc
27、ertain. 11What does the passage basically describe? AAn adventure.BAn exploration. CAn escape game.DA training program. 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了Steve 和Zach在森林里遇到大火的冒险故事。8D细节理解题。第三段的“Steve shouted. Are you OK? Where are you? ”可知， 一开始Steve 和Zach走散了。9B推理判断题。根据第四段和最后一段可知狗消失后又回来， 强行让他们跟着它走， 最后他们听到了水流声， 摆脱了森林火灾的
28、危险， 故狗离开是为了寻找出路。10D细节理解题。根据第五段的“The message was clear, but Steve hesitated.”可知， Steve犹豫了。11A.主旨大意题。文章主要记叙了Steve 和Zach在森林里遇到大火的冒险故事。DTraditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid material. But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an entirely
29、soft robot one that draws inspiration from an octopus (章鱼) . Described in science journal Nature, the “Octobot” could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search, rescue and exploration. “The Octobot is a minimal system which may serve as a foundation for a new gen
30、eration of completely soft, autonomous robots, ” the studys authors wrote.Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment dont do so well on rough terrains (地形) or in unpredictable conditions. And they arent especially safe around humans, because theyre made out of hard an
31、d heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users. So researchers have been working on building soft robots for decades. Theyre taken inspiration from nature, looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches, which are often made up of more flexible matter.But creating a completely so
32、ft robot remains a challenge. Even if engineers build a silicone (硅酮) body, its still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power. “Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as searchre
33、scue operations and exploration, ” Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technology Center for MicroBioRobotics, wrote in a comment. “Soft robots might also open up new approaches to improving wellness and quality of life.”12Whats the special feature of “Octobot”？ AIts so
34、ft.BIts made of metal. CIts very small.DIt looks like an octopus. 13Whats the disadvantage of traditional robots? ATheyre hard to control.BTheyre too heavy to move. CThey cant predict conditions.DThey cant behave well all the time. 14One of the biggest challenges is to build Octobots _.Asilicone bod
35、yBcomplex componentsCprecise movementsDflexible power source15Whats the possible application of “Octobot”？ AMedical research.BLife rescue. CMachine operation.DHouse cleaning. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类说明文， 文章主要介绍了章鱼机器人的优点和投入应用的可能性。12A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“robots have been hard, made of metal”以及段尾“has managed to build a
36、n entirely soft robot one that draws inspiration from an octopus.”的对比发现可知， Octobot机器人特点是它很柔软。13D推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment dont do so well on rough terrains or in unpredictable conditions.”以及本段内容可知， 传统机器人无法在崎岖的地形上很好地运行， 此外， 由于沉重的金属部件， 传统
37、机器人可能会对人体产生伤害， 据此可推断出， 传统机器人的缺点是他们不能一直表现得很好。14D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Even if engineers build a silicone body, its still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.”可知， 即使工程师利用硅酮制造出了软体机器人的身体， 但是制作柔韧性强的关键部件仍然面临巨大的挑战， 比如动力来源。据此可知， 最大的挑战之一是柔韧性强的动力来源。15B细节理解题
38、。从文章最后一段“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as searchrescue operations and exploration”可知， 尽管对软体机器人的开发和研究还处于早期阶段， 但它适用于诸如搜索救援和探索等任务。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to start a conversation
39、with someone you dont knowIntroduce yourselfIts not necessary to be clever when you introduce yourself. Simply focus on being genuine and sincere. When you approach the other person to start the conversation, give him a warm smile and clearly state your name._16_ Remember to speak at a regular pace,
40、 taking care not to speak too quickly or slowly, so that the other person will have no difficulty understanding you.Begin the conversation_17_ A comment about the weather or a current event may be most appropriate. Avoid beginning the conversation with anything too personal, as this may make the oth
41、er person feel uncomfortable to continue the conversation. After you make your opening comments, give the person enough time to respond. Show a sincere interest in the thoughts she expresses about the subject.Continue the conversationIf you are building a rapport(关系), feel free to move on to a bit m
42、ore personal topics to continue the conversation. _18_ Openended questions those that cant be answered by a simple “yes” or “no” help to keep a conversation going._19_When you have run out of things to say or need to move on to do something else, prepare your exit strategy. You may say that you need
43、 to use the bathroom or catch up with someone else. Let the other person know how much you enjoyed talking to her._20_AEnd the Conversation.BBring up a general topic to begin the conversation.CThis will help keep the conversation flowing freely.DIf appropriate, make plans to talk again at a later da
44、te.EYour conversational partner will feel valued and appreciated.FExplain who you are and why you want to have the conversation.GYou may want to ask about his favorite hobby, his career, his classes or upcoming events.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了和陌生人交谈的技巧。如： 介绍自己； 开始交谈； 继续交谈和结束交谈等。16F本部分的小标题为“介绍自己”。根据前面的“说清楚你的名字”
45、可知， F项“解释你是谁， 为什么想交谈”符合语境。17B本部分的小标题是“开始交谈”。和陌生人交谈需要有合适的话题， B项“提出一个一般话题来开始交谈”与上文语意相符。18G根据上文的“私人的话题”可知， G项中的“爱好、职业、课程和即将到来的事件”可承接上文。19A根据前面的“开始交谈；继续交谈”可知， 此处应为“结束谈话”， 所以选A项。20D本部分主要介绍如何结束交谈。D项“如果合适的话， 计划稍后再谈”符合语意。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I h
46、ad driven home to celebrate my 38th birthday with my mother. When I arrived, I found her sitting proudly at the kitchen table, a chocolate cake and two boxes wrapped in orange ribbon (丝带) in front of her. “Happy birthday！” she said, _21_ at the boxes. “Open them.” As she knows me_22_ than anyone, sh
47、ed gotten me exactly what I wanted running clothes. I hugged her and thanked her and proceeded (接着) to eat the cake.“Too many_23_， ”I said, not really caring.“Youll run them off tomorrow, ”Mom said.Many adult children with a parent suffering from_24_ memory will tell you there was one day that _25_ to them that their relationship with their mother or father would be forever changed.For me that day_26_two weeks later, when I drove back for another short_27_. I came upon exactly the same _28_： my mom sitting at the kitchen table; a chocolate cake resting next to two