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1、2014高考英语二轮短文语法填空训练题（3）及参考答案（解析）该资源针对2014英语高考必考短文语法填空的情况，搜集、整理了历年的短文语法填空，都有参考答案，有的附有参考答案的解析，排版工整，具有参考价值。【语法填空】Balanced Diet Wang Peng earned his living by running a barbecue restaurant, _1_ served delicious bacon, fried chicken breast and mutton roasted with pepper and garlic. _2_ his food and discou
2、nt attracted fewer and fewer customers. Finally, he was in debt. Yong Huis slimming restaurant served fresh peas, carrots, eggplants, and raw cucumbers with vinegar. As _3_ hostess, she said fibres benefited customers digestion the most. In order not to let Yong Hui get away with telling lies, Wang
3、Peng spied on Yong Hui despite her glare. But he was surprised that she _4_ (lose) her customers, too._5_ (curious) drove Wang Peng to consult an expert. The expert sighed and said, “_6_ of your menus have weakness and limited strength. Your customers put on weight too easily, _7_ Yong Huis lose wei
4、ght too quickly. So, Wang Peng, cut down the fat of your food and increase vegetables and fruits, _8_ nuts, beans, mushrooms, peaches and lemons. You ought to combine the two menus and provide a _9_ ( balance) diet.”Before long, Wang Peng won _10_ customers back.12. 【参考答案】Keys: 1. which2. But3. the4
5、. was losing5.Curiostity6. Both7. while8. like9. balanced10. his【语法填空】Sailing Home This novel was about an unbelievable but genuine adventure. Its author was a black businessman _1_ was brought up in America. In 1956, he visited Africa, his birthplace. One day, when he _2_ (wander) on the pavement n
6、ear the bay enjoying the sea scenes, he lost his money and passport that he kept in _3_ envelope. So he went to the embassy to seek help, but the ambassador with rude manners didnt permit his staff to help _4_ he bowed to him. Staring at his _5_ (patience) face, he understood that _6_ was the fault
7、of his skin colour that accounted for theirrefection. So he decided to take a chance to sail on a small boat home.He met a large amount of difficulty but was never stopped. On the contrary, difficulty pushed him to go ahead _7_ (hard). Three months later, he was spotted by a ship by accident. He was
8、 in rags indeed. A maid even screamed when _8_ (bring) him a steak and pineapple dessert. Aboard, he earned his passage by working _9_ a barber and got home finally. As for the name of his novel, he couldnt think of a better one _10_ the phrase “Go Ahead”.13. 【参考答案】Keys:1. who2. was wandering3. an4.
9、 though/although5. impatient 6. it7. harder8. bringing9. as10. than语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Levi Strauss was born in 1829 in Germany.He was the fifth of six children.In 1845，his father died.All six children decided 16._(go) to the United States.
10、Strauss went to the southeastern part of the US.For eight years，he walked along the country roads 17._(sell) dry goods from door to doorjust like his father in Germany.In 1853，Strauss decided to move to San Francisco，18._thousands of people were looking for gold.19._his way to California，Strauss sol
11、d almost all of his dry goods.He had only one thing 20._(leave)some canvas (帆布)In California，Strauss tried to sell the canvas to the gold miners.He said they could make tents from the canvas.But they werent 21._(interest) in canvas for tents.Strauss didnt know 22._to do with the canvas.Before long S
12、trauss found the miners needed new pants.There were holes in their pants 23._the cloth wasnt strong.He decided to make the canvas 24._pants.They called them “Levis”Later, Strauss stopped using canvas and used a different cloth.It was a heavy cotton cloththe same kind people wear today.Levi Strauss d
13、ied in 1902.He never married and left money to his nephews.He left the world much morethe jeans 25._so many people wear.16to godecide to do sth.“决定做某事”，为固定用法。17selling动词sell与主语he为主动关系，故用其现在分词形式作伴随状语。18wherewhere引导非限制性定语从句，相当于in which，在从句中作状语。19Onon ones way to.“在去的路上”，为固定搭配。20left动词leave与宾语one thing
14、之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作补语。21interestedbe interested in.“对感兴趣”。22whatwhat引导宾语从句，且在从句中作动词do的宾语。23because根据文意可知，此处为因果关系。因为布不结实，所以他们的裤子上有窟窿。24intomake.into.“把制成”，为固定搭配。25that/which此处that/which引导定语从句，修饰the jeans，且在从句中作wear的宾语。语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。One
15、night，at 1130 pm.，an older African American woman was standing on the side of an Alabama highway trying to endure a lashing rainstorm.Her car had broken 16._and she desperately needed a ride.Soaking (湿透) wet，she 17._(decide) to flag down the next car.A young white man stopped 18._(help) hergenerally
16、 unheard of in those conflictfilled 1960s.The man took her to 19._(safe)，helped her get assistance and put her into a taxicab.She seemed to be in a big hurry，but wrote down his address，thanked 20._.Seven days went by and 21._knock came on the mans door.22._his surprise，a giant console color TV was d
17、elivered to his home.A special note was attached.It read，“Thank you so much 23._assisting me on the highway the other night.The rain drenched (湿透) not only my clothes 24._ my spirits.Then you came along.Because of you，I was able to make it to my 25._(die) husbands bedside just before he passed away.
18、God bless you for helping me and unselfishly serving others.”16down从下文的needed a ride可知，她的车坏了。break down意为“抛锚”。17decided整篇文章均使用过去时态叙事，这里也应用一般过去时，故用decided。18to helpstop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，stop to do 意为“停下来去做某事”；根据句意此处应为stop to do sth.。一个年轻的白人停下来帮她的忙。19safety在介词to后要用safe的名词形式。本句意为：那个男子把她带到了一个安全的地方。20
19、him那个男子帮了她，应该是感谢那个男子，故用him。21a从句子结构和语境可知，这里指有人敲门。此处knock意为“敲门声”，是可数名词。22Toto ones surprise“令某人惊奇的是”。23forthank sb.for doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“感谢某人做某事”。24but从下文提到的事情可知，这个妇女要赶去见丈夫最后一面，当车抛锚时感到非常绝望，所以说雨水不仅淋湿了她的衣服，而且击垮了她的精神。此处用到的是not only.but also.结构，其中also可省略。25dyinghusband是名词，要用形容词修饰。dying意为“临终的”。语法填空 1. Fa
20、ll in Love with English 1 (hide) behind the loose dusty curtain, a teenager packed up his overcoat into the suitcase. He planned to leave home at dusk 2 there was thunder and lightning outdoors. He had got to do this 3 he was tired of his parents nagging about his English study and did not want to g
21、o through 4 any longer. He couldnt get along well with English and 5 (dislike) joining in English classes because he thought his teacher ignored him on purpose. As a result, his score in each exam never added up 6 over 60. His partner was concerned about him very much. She understood exactly 7 he wa
22、s suffering from, but entirely 8 (agree) with his idea. In order to calm him down and settle 9 problem, she talked with him face to face and swapped a series of learning tips with him. The items she set down helped him find the highway to 10 (study) English well.The teenager was grateful and got gre
23、at power from his friends words. Now, he has recovered from being upset and has fallen in love with English.【参考答案】Keys：1. Hiding 2. though/although 3. because 4. it 5. disliked6. to 7. what 8. disagreed 9. his 10. studying议论文型语法填空专题导读议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观地解释事物，而且还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观
24、点。 议论文有自己的语言特点，了解了文章整体意思后，要通过字里行间的意思推断作者的观点、意图和立场(同意什么，反对什么，喜好什么，憎恶什么，主张什么等)，这种理解直接决定你的填词。要仔细复读全文，关注自己所填的词语是否符合原意，从语意连贯、逻辑合理的角度，认真复查答案的合理性和正确性。【2011湖南卷改编】Does going to college really pay off？Certainly!I remember taking _1_ English class in college on the short story. Our first assignment was to read
25、 _2_ short stories and then discuss which one was better. After _3_(read)both，I wasnt sure. Over the _4_ several months, my professor taught me _5_ one story was so much better than the other._6_ was rich in metaphor(隐喻)and character development, _7_ the other was humorous _8_ too shallow. I couldnt
26、 see this at first. Yet, in a few months, my brain got reeducated and _9_ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads _10_ greater success in ones life.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._【
27、解析】 1an考查冠词。class此处为可数名词单数形式，其前须用冠词。再根据此处表泛指，而English是以元音音素开头，故填an。 2two考查数词。根据本句中“which one was better”以及下文“After both”中both的提示可推断此处表示“两个短篇故事”，故填two。 3reading考查动名词。after 是介词，括号中所给词是动词，故只能填动名词reading。 4next考查形容词。根据该空修饰名词months，应填形容词，再由语境可知，此处表示“在接下来的几个月”，故填next。 5why考查名词性从句引导词。根据上文“discuss which one
28、 was better”可推断，教授是给我们讲解为什么其中一个故事要比另一个故事好，故填why。6One考查不定代词。由语境可知，故事有两个，再根据习惯搭配“one.the other.”可推断填One。 7while考查并列连词，while表示前后对比的意思。 8but考查连词。根据“humorous”和“too shallow”在逻辑上的转折关系可推断，此处填连词but连接两个形容词。 9I考查人称代词。根据该空在句中作主语可判断应填名词或代词。结合语境可知该空应指作者本人，故填I。 10to考查介词。lead to为固定搭配，意为“导致”。新题预测(一)The following wor
29、ds were written on the tomb of an Anglican Bishop(主教) in the Crypts of Westminster Abbey(西敏寺): When I was young and free and my_1_(imagine) had no limits, I dreamed of changing the world._2_ I grew older and wiser, I discovered the world would not change, so I _3_ (short) my sights somewhat and deci
30、ded to change only my country. But _4_， too, seemed immovable.As I grew _5_ my twilight years (晚年), in one last desperate attempt, I settled for changing only my family，those _6_(close) to me, _7_alas, they would have _8_ of it.And now as I lie on my deathbed, I suddenly realize: If I had only chang
31、ed myself first, then by example I _9_ (change) my family.From their inspiration and encouragement, I would then have been able _10_(better) my country and, who knows, I may have even changed the world.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._【解析】改变世界从改变自己开始，因为在我们改变自己的同时也潜移默化地影响着家庭。在他们的鼓舞和激励下，我们可能会使我们的国家变得更美好，从某
32、种角度来看，也正改变着世界。 1imagination在形容词性物主代词后要用名词形式。 2As表示“随着”，要用as引导时间状语从句。 3shortened作谓语要用动词，由上下文可知，要用一般过去时。 4it替代前文中的to change only my country。 5into表示“长成”用grow into。 6closest“家人”是“最亲近的人”。7but前后是转折关系。 8nonehave none of (refuse to accept)意为“不接受，不理睬”。 9would have changed与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。 10to better固定搭配：be abl
33、e to do。记叙文型语法填空专题导读记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，是常见的文体。在语法填空篇章中，其语言特点有： 1以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态，使文章所叙述的动作具有层次感和立体感。 2广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在会使文章充满“动感”，而这种让往事历历在目的“动感”正是优秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。真题典例2011广东卷 One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment
34、_1_ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me_2_ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man_3_ (sit) at the front. He_4_ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be_5_ (mental) disabled.Behind hi
35、m were other people to_6_he was trying to talk, but after some minutes_7_ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him_8_ his own either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to t
36、he man and introduced myself. We had_9_ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made the choice. It made_10_ of us feel good.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”的一次坐车经历：在公交车上遇到一个好像是弱智的人，其他人都躲开了，而“我”走近了他，和他聊起来，一路上“我”俩都很高
37、兴。 1later考查副词的用法。我离开得较早因为那天晚些时候我有个约会。 2till/until考查状语从句的连接词。我的朋友一直陪我直到公共汽车来。 3sitting/sit考查动词的用法。notice sb doing/do sth.意为“注意到某人正在做某事/做了某事”。 4was pretending考查动词的时态。由giving it a voice可知用过去进行时。5mentally考查副词的用法。此处disabled是形容词，用副词修饰。 6whom考查定语从句的关系词。此处he was trying to talk to 是定语从句，people是先行词，whom作介词to的宾语。 7they考查代词的用法。他们走开然后坐在我的旁边。 8on考查词组的用法。此处考查词组on ones own (alone)。 9an考查冠词的用法。amazing是以元音音素开头，故用an。 10both考查代词的用法。由上文 We had amazing conversation可知“我们俩”都很高兴。- 9 -