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1、任务型阅读(建议用时: 30分钟)1(2013苏锡模拟)Imagine living in a country torn by war. Or maybe you live in a place where there are few jobs and little chance to earn a living. Your family decides to movenot to another town, but to another country. You and your family have become immigrants. People are called immigra
2、nts when they move to a foreign country to make their homes. People become immigrants for many reasons. The most common one is economic opportunities. Most immigrants are attracted to other countries by the promise of jobs, farmland, or business opportunities. Other people become immigrants in order
3、 to get away from mistreatment or natural disasters. They are refugees(难民). Some refugees move to avoid wars and political unrest. Others are seeking freedom to express their religious views. Still others are uprooted by disasters, such as terrible flooding or drought. Some people have become immigr
4、ants against their will. Captured in Africa, shipped to foreign lands and forced to work as slaves, many early African immigrants to North and South America came in chains. Except for Native Americans, all people came to the United States from someplace else. For nearly 500 years, immigrants have la
5、nded on Americas shores seeking a better life. Throughout American history, immigrants often worked low-paying, dangerous jobs that other people refused to do. Immigrants from around the world helped shape American life. Many immigrants absorbed the customs and language common to most Americans. The
6、y also brought their own traditions, including music and foods. Over time, many of these traditions have become part of American life. The first European immigrants to America hoped to colonize(使成为殖民地)new lands. By the mid-1500s, Spaniards had ventured into Florida, California, and the American Sout
7、hwest. French immigrants arrived in the early 1600s. They established 13 colonies along Americas Atlantic Coast. In the 1700s, England became the major power in colonial North America. But many European immigrants came to live in the English colonies. They included people from Sweden, Holland, Germa
8、ny, Scotland, and Ireland. Immigrants still come to the United States seeking freedom and economic opportunities. Most new immigrants no longer come from Europe. They come mainly from Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Asia. Today, the U. S. government limits the number of immigrants into
9、 the country each year. People who sneak illegally into the United States are called illegal immigrants, who, if caught, would be sent back to their home countries. Key PointsDetailed Information(1)Immigrants are those who move to a foreign country to make their homes. ReasonsMost people come for(2)
10、opportunities, such as good jobs, farmland, or business opportunities. Some move to the U. S. to(3)from wars or disasters. Some people immigrate in(4)of religious freedom. Some people have become immigrants(5), like many early African immigrants. HistoryFrench immigrants(6)America in the early 1600s
11、 and(7)up thirteen colonies along Americas Atlantic Coast. In the 1700s, European immigrants came to live in the English colonies, (8)people from Sweden, Holland and etc. . Today(9)from the past, the origins of most new immigrants are mainly Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Asia, instea
12、d of Europe. The U. S. government sets(10)on the number of immigrants into the country each year. Illegal immigrants, if caught, would be sent back to their home countries. 2(2013无锡模拟)On our journey to finding our true self and achieving our full potential, we sometimes get into hard times. However,
13、 we must never lose hope for only through determination and discipline will we be able to reach personal growth. The following tips may help you to achieve your goals for personal growth. Find challengesIf you dont find any challenges to your life, dont just let it be but find them yourself. You sho
14、uld understand that staying too much in your comfort zone would just cause you to remain where you are and therefore never improve. So try to find new challenges that would further develop your strengths and therefore achieve their peak performance. Always have a positive mindset(思维模式)You should dev
15、elop a positive mindset, as this would be useful when you face any challenge along the way. Through this type of mindset, you will be able to continue with your life no matter how hard the challenge you face is. You should always find a reason to be happy, which would fuel you to go on further and f
16、urther until you reach your destination. You are not alone and you shouldnt let yourself beThis is a very important factor. Sometimes we are so stubborn about doing things on our own that we dont ask others for help. Generally speaking, doing things by yourself is not wrong, and, in fact, its even p
17、referred to be independent. However, there are really instances in our life that we need to ask others for help. You shouldnt see this as being weak, and other people wont think less of you if you do this. We humans are communal individuals and we could achieve more in this world if we help one anot
18、her. So dont hesitate to ask for help if you need it, and also lend a hand to others when they need you. PlanWhen you want to achieve something, dont be in a rush. You need to make good preparations before doing it, that is, to plan your overall course of action in advance. Create a goal that you ar
19、e ready to bet your life on, and check it to see if it is really the goal you want to attain before you give it your all without any second thoughts. When youre sure about it, plan the ways to achieve it, and to evaluate if your process is effective while still along the way. You can change your cou
20、rse of actions while you still have time. Make sure that your goals are specific, attainable and time limited. In this way you can make sure you are not planning to fail, but to be successful in your search for personal growth. Consistency is the key to securing self-improvement; however, being able
21、 to do this is really hard. Still we need to be prepared to pay our dues if we want to reach our goals in life. 3(2013扬州模拟)Equal Opportunities for Quality EducationIt is widely accepted that human resources are playing a very important part in Chinas economic growth. Education, which greatly affects
22、 the qualities of human resources, has gone through rapid developments in recent years. Last year, China had more than 2 million graduates from colleges or universities, and another 3. 5 million graduates from vocational schools. Despite the great developments in education, in the era of reform, law
23、makers expose and criticize many problems in the developments of education, which trouble, if not anger, the public. One of the most glaring problems is that in Chinas vast rural areas, even the most basic education is not available to some children. And elsewhere, even if they have access, the faci
24、lities available for them are still a far cry from those in cities. Official statistics show that at the primary stage, there are a big number of rural students who drop out of school because they do not have the money to pay their tuition fees. At college level, there have been some big increases i
25、n tuition fees over the last few years. So, some students from rural areas have also been forced to abandon their dreams. China has a long tradition of valuing education and Chinese parents are willing to save each and every penny to support their childrens schooling. But in a nation of more than 1.
26、 3 billion people, upholding equal opportunities in the education sector is a discouraging task. The central government is dedicated to quickening the development of the cause. It will cancel rural school fees and offer the children in poverty-stricken areas financial support so they can all enjoy t
27、he equal education and complete the nine-year compulsory schooling programme. The most important part of the issue lies in the amount of cash put into it. On the other hand, it is more than an issue of financial input财政收入. The unbalanced distribution of resources between rural and urban schools risk
28、s slowing down the future of Chinas vast rural areas, where two thirds of the population live. Education is undoubtedly the long-term lifeline of citizens. Good education promotes more than personal well-being or the fulfillment of individual ambition. As individual ability grows, the nation will be
29、come stronger and more prosperous. Equality in education is vital to the sustainability of our nations economic progress. It has a big influence on every citizens quality of life, so the government must do all it can to achieve this goal. An overview of education in ChinaAs Chinas economy grows, edu
30、cation, which has a great effect on the qualities of human resources, has(1)great developments. (2)in the development of educationIn(3)of great developments, what worries the public is that there are still children in vast rural areas who gain no(4)to the most basic education and the facilities avai
31、lable are far from(5)compared with those in cities. Serious consequencesA large number of rural primary school students have to quit school because they cant(6)to pay for their education. With the college tuition fees increasing sharply, rural students have no(7)but to give up their dreams. Approach
32、es to(8)the problemsTo ensure(9)in the education for rural students, the central government will cancel rural school fees and provide them with financial support. The distribution of resources between rural and urban schools should be(10), which will surely acceleratethe development of vast rural ar
33、eas. ConclusionEquality in education makes it possible for individual ability to grow, which guarantees our nations economic prosperity. 答案解析11. 【解析】Definition。此题属于概括性词汇。根据右栏的“Immigrants are those who. . . ”可知此处是对“移民”下定义。2. 【解析】economic。此题属于原文词汇。本题考查学生对文中“The most common one is economic opportunitie
34、s. ”的信息识别能力。3. 【解析】escape/hide。此题属于转换词汇中的词组转换。本题考查学生对文中“Other people become immigrants in order to get away from mistreatment or natural disasters. ”的信息理解和运用能力。get away from与escape/hide from意思相同。4. 【解析】search/pursuit。此题属于转换词汇中的词形转换。本题考查学生对文中“Others are seeking freedom to express their religious view
35、s. ”的理解和运用能力。原句是动词seek, 此处在介词后, 要填名词。5. 【解析】passively/unwillingly/reluctantly。本题属于转换词汇中的句型转换。本题考查学生对文中“Some people have become immigrants against their will. ”的理解和概括能力。原句中against their will意思是“违背他们的意愿”, 与“他们成为移民是不情愿的”意思相同, 注意此处要用副词形式修饰动词become。6. 【解析】reached。此题属于转换词汇中的词组转换。本题考查学生对文中“French immigrant
36、s arrived in the early 1600s. ”的理解和运用能力。arrive in America等于reach America。注意原文arrived in后接时间状语, 而此题空格后in接地点状语, 故不能填arrived, 而应填reached。7. 【解析】set/built。此题属于转换词汇中的词组转换。本题考查学生对文中“They established 13 colonies along Americas Atlantic Coast. ”的理解和运用能力, established相当于set/built up。8. 【解析】including。此题属于转换词汇中
37、的词形转换。本题考查学生对文中“They included people from Sweden, Holland, . . . ”的理解和运用能力。注意, 此句已有谓语动词came, 故此空只能填include的非谓语形式, 即介词化的including。9. 【解析】Different。此题属于转换词汇中的句型转换。本题考查考生对文中“Most new immigrants no longer come from Europe. They come mainly from Central and South America, . . . ”的理解和概括能力。与过去不一样的是, 现在大部分移
38、民的来源地发生了变化。10. 【解析】limits/restrictions。此题属于转换词汇中的词形转换。本题考查学生对文中“Today, the US government limits the number of immigrants into the country each year. ”的理解和运用能力。原文limits是动词的第三人称单数, 此空跟在动词sets后, 应用名词形式。21. 【解析】difficulty/trouble。此题属于转换词汇。本题考查考生对文中信息On our journey to finding our true self and achieving
39、our full potential, we sometimes get into hard times. However, we must never lose hope for only through determination and discipline will we be able to reach personal growth. 的理解和运用能力。根据原句中的hard可知此处应用difficulty或trouble。2. 【解析】leave。此题属于转换词汇。本题考查考生对文中信息If you dont find any challenges to your life, do
40、nt just let it be but find them yourself. You should understand that staying too much in your comfort zone would just cause you to remain where you are and therefore never improve. 的理解和运用能力。由原句中的staying too much in your comfort zone可知此处需要用stay的反义词, 故用leave。3. 【解析】strengths。此题属于原文词汇。本题考查考生对文中So try t
41、o find new challenges that would further develop your strengths and therefore achieve their peak performance. 相关信息的识别能力。4. 【解析】positive。此题属于原文词汇。本题考查考生对文中小标题Always have a positive mindset相关信息的识别能力。5. 【解析】far。此题属于转换词汇。本题考查考生对文中信息You should always find a reason to be happy, which would fuel you to go
42、on further and further until you reach your destination. 的理解和运用能力。6. 【解析】flexible。此题属于转换词汇。本题考查考生对文中信息Sometimes we are so stubborn about doing things on our own that we dont ask others for help. 的理解运用能力。根据原句中的stubborn可知此处需要用其反义词flexible。7. 【解析】achievements。此题属于转换词汇。本题考查考生对文中信息We humans are communal
43、individuals and we could achieve more in this world if we help one another. 的理解和运用能力, 根据原句中的achieve可知此处需要用其名词形式achievements作result in的宾语。8. 【解析】rush/hurry。此题属于原文词汇。本题考查考生对文中When you want to achieve something, dont be in a rush. 相关信息的识别能力。9. 【解析】checked。此题属于转换词汇。本题考查考生对文中信息Create a goal that you are
44、ready to bet your life on, and check it to see if it is really the goal you want to attain before you give it your all without any second thoughts. 的理解和运用能力。原句中的check为动词, 此处用其过去分词形式构成have sth. done结构。10. 【解析】consistent。此题属于转换词汇。本题考查考生对文中信息Consistency is the key to securing self-improvement; however,
45、 being able to do this is really hard. Still we need to be prepared to pay our dues if we want to reach our goals in life. 的理解和运用能力。原句中的consistency为名词, 此句中需要用其形容词形式。31. 【解析】experienced/seen/undergone。此题属于转换词汇中的词组转换。本题考查学生对文中第一段“has gone through rapid developments in recent years”的理解和运用能力。该句中go throu
46、gh意思是“经历”。2. 【解析】Problems。此题属于原文词汇。本题考查学生对文中第三段“many problems in the developments of education”信息的识别能力。3. 【解析】spite。此题属于转换词汇中的词组转换。本题考查学生对文中第三段“Despite the great developments”的理解和运用能力, despite相当于in spite of。4. 【解析】access。此题属于转换词汇中的词组转换。本题考查学生对文中第四段“even the most basic education is not available to s
47、ome children”的理解和运用能力。be not available to sb. 在此转换成sb. gain(s)no access to sth. 。当然此处access也可在同一段后面的even if they have access中找到。5. 【解析】enough/satisfactory。此题属于转换词汇中的句型转换。本题考查学生对文中第四段“the facilities available for them are still a far cry from those in cities”的理解和概括能力。此处a far cry表示“遥远的距离”, 即far from e
48、nough/satisfactory。6. 【解析】afford。此题属于转换词汇中的词组转换。本题考查学生对文中第五段“they do not have the money to pay their tuition fees”的理解和运用能力。afford“负担得起(费用)”。7. 【解析】choice/alternative。此题属于转换词汇。本题考查学生对文中第六段“some students from rural areas have also been forced to abandon their dreams”的理解和概括能力。“被迫放弃梦想”就是“别无选择只好放弃梦想”之意。8. 【解析】solving/settling。此题属于概括性词汇。只要熟背前面我们列的常考概括性词汇, 此题就轻松搞定了。9. 【解析】equality。此题属于转换词汇中的词形转换。本题考查学生对文中倒数第四段“enjoy the equal education”的理解和运用能力。此题接在动词ensure后应用名词形式, 故用equality。10. 【解析】balanced/equal。此题属于转换词汇中的词形转换。本题考查学生对文中倒数第三段“The unbalanced distribution of resources”的理解和运用能力