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1、2013高考英语二轮（阅读理解）金品训练（12）及答案Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when youre doing your holiday shopping online, make sure youre holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation (感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevent
2、s you from making unwise decisions those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.Psychologists have known that one person s perception (感知) of another s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “
3、cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness.Classi
4、c studics by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlows work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers
5、 to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal.Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm”， or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have fou
6、nd those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the studys hypotheses (假设) , handed the students either a hot c
7、up of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of“Person A”based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as w
8、armer than those who had held the iced drink.“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly，” says Bargh.语篇解读最近的心理学研究发现，人们对“温暖”或者“寒冷”的感受可以改变人们的情感。1According to Paragraph 1, a person s emotion may be affected by_.A. the visitors to his officeB. the psychology lessons he ha
9、sC. his physical feeling of coldnessD. the things he has bought online解析细节理解题。由文章第一段的第三句话可知，温暖的感觉激发温暖的情感，而冷饮在手则会阻止你做出不明智的决定，因此可以说一个人的情感可能会受到冷的感觉的影响。答案B2The author mentions Harlow s experiment to show that_.A. adults should develop social skillsB. babies need warm physical contactC. caregivers should
10、 be healthy adultsD. monkeys have social relationships解析细节理解题。在试验中，猴子喜欢去靠近布制的“妈妈”而不喜欢“金属线”做的“妈妈”。这使心理学家们强调养育者应该让孩子们多接触一些令人感觉温暖的东西，以帮助孩子们成长为有正常社交技能的健康的成年人，故B项正确。答案B3In Bargh s experiment, the students were asked to_.A. evaluate someone s personalityB. write down their hypothesesC. fill out a personal
11、 information formD. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively解析细节理解题。由文中倒数第二段中的“After that，the students were asked to rate the personality ofPerson Abased on a particular description.”可知选A。在试验中，学生被要求评价某人的性格。答案A4We can infer from the passage that_.A. abstract thinking does not come from physical exper
12、iencesB. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwideC. physical temperature affects how we see othersD. capable persons are often cold to others解析推理判断题。全文都在论述人们对“温暖”或“寒冷”的感觉可以影响人们对事物的评价。因此，物理温度会影响我们看待他人的方式。因此选C。答案C5What would be the best title for the passage?A. Drinking for Better Social
13、RelationshipsB. Experiments of Personality EvaluationC. Developing Better Drinking HabitsD. Physical Sensations and Emotions解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是人们对物理温度的感觉对人们情绪的影响，D项概括性比较强。答案D*结束AThe singer, Mick Jagger, of the Rolling Stones sings a song that tells people they cant always get what they want but if we t
14、ry sometimes we can get what we need. The past years in my life my parents have told me this saying many times. Ive always complained about the quote(引语). Although over time I have told myself to learn from it.This year my girlfriend flew off to college in West Palm, Florida. This has been a killer
15、for me because I havent been able to see her and she is having a rough time in school. The last two months have been hard but we are working through it. I have been trying to get my dad to buy me a plane ticket to go down there. My dad told me if I brought him some money he would help me pay for the
16、 ticket. I started to complain to him because I had no way of getting any money to give him. I spent several days and nights thinking of ways to earn money to go see my girlfriend. I finally came to the conclusion that I would get a job and work hard to earn some money to give to my dad. I applied t
17、o Safeway and I ended up getting the job.I have been working at Safeway for about a month now and work hard to earn money to go see my girlfriend. The other day my mom had surprised me and told me that she asked her boss if she could use their business miles(旅费) to buy me a ticket down to Florida fo
18、r two weeks. I was very thankful and told her I would help pay for anything that I have to. The thought of me working hard and getting a job showed my mom that I really cared and was trying my best to be a successful person. I believe that you cant always get what you want but if you try sometimes,
19、you get what you need.41The authors parents often told him the saying quoted from the song because .AHe liked to complain to them about his lifeBThey expected him to learn from the singerCHe always wanted to get everything he wantedDThey tried to educate him to do things for himself42What does the w
20、orld “killer” underlined in the second paragraph refer to?ASomething that is quite troublesome.BSomething that is very difficult.CA person who kills purposely.DA person who treats women very badly.43What can we infer from the passage?AThe author was lazy and unwilling to work hard.BThe authors fathe
21、r was too mean to give him money.CThe authors actual action won support from his mother.DThe author was unable to tear himself away from his girl friend.44By writing the passage, the author tries to show .Awe can do nothing without moneyBfathers are strict while mothers are kindCits hard for parents
22、 to bring up their childrenDwe should try to rely on ourselves for everythingBPisco is a city on the Peruvian coast, the home of Peruvian grape liquor(酒) Pisco has not only given its name to Perus national drink, but it is also the centre of its production.Pisco has its origins in the 16th-century S
23、panish conquests（征服） of Latin America and particularly Peru and Chile. There the settlers found fertile land suitable for growing grapes. These vineyards（葡萄园） were so successful that soon the settlers were exporting crops back to Europe.At first, grapes not suitable for making wines were distilled（蒸
24、馏，提取） into a drink, and it soon became popular with sailors who began taking bottles with them back to Europe. They named it after the town where it was bought, Pisco, which in turn had been used to name the round pot that was used to store the liquor.In the 19th century Pisco became a popular drink
25、 with the miners who flooded to San Francisco during the Gold Rush, and in the 1940s it again became a fashionable drink in New York and Hollywood. Production gradually spread from Peru to Chile. However, Pisco is also the topic of heated arguments between Peru and Chile, both of which claim to have
26、 invented it. They may fight bitterly over who first distilled the drink, but the rules and regulations they have placed on its production have ensured that only top quality Pisco hits the liquor store shelves.Nowadays, Pisco is produced using both ancient and modern techniques and can be enjoyed in
27、 its pure form or used to prepare various cocktails, such as the well-known “Pisco Sour”. This is served in the best restaurants in Latin America and throughout the world. It can also be mixed with other liqueurs, fruit juice or soft drinks. The main markets for Pisco are currently the United States
28、, Chile, Costa Rica, Venezuela and Canada. 45It can be learned from the passage that Pisco refers to the following except .Aa cityBa sailorCa potDa drink46The underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph implies .APeru and Chile has been fighting for the American market of PiscoBIt makes no difference
29、 who has invented Pisco as long as it is popularCBoth Peru and Chile have set strict production rules to produce a quality drinkDPisco is produced using both ancient and modern techniques from two countries47Whats the best title for this passage?AAn Introduction to PiscoBThe Production of PiscoCThe
30、Origin of PiscoDA History Lesson of PiscoCOf all the problems facing modern astronomers, perhaps the most fascinating is: “Can intelligent(有智能的) life exist elsewhere?” Since the Earth is an unimportant planet moving round an unimportant star, it would be a pride on our part to suppose that we are th
31、e only intelligent beings in the universe. But to obtain proof is difficult.The main trouble is that our neighbor worlds, the bodies in the solar system appear to be unsuitable for advanced life forms. The Moon may be ruled out at once; it has hardly any atmosphere. Venus（金星） is little better; the s
32、urface temperature is extremely high and the atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide. Mars（火星） with a very thin atmosphere and a severe shortage of water, may well support simple plant life but there seems no hope of finding animals, while the attractive Martians of the story tellers have long since bee
33、n given up.Of course this has not stopped the flow of bright ideas for communicating with the supposed people on Mars. In the early nineteenth century the great mathematician Gauss suggested planting tree patterns in Siberia, so that the Martians would see them and replay suitably. Following up this
34、 idea, the Austrian scientist Karl Littrow proposed digging very wide ditches（沟） in the Sahara, triangular in patterns, and then filling them with petrol or some substance so that, when lit, the ditches would present Martian observers with a “flaming triangle” which would show the existence here of
35、intelligent minds. Even better were the plans of Charles Cross, a French writer of the 1870s, who wanted to build a large mirror to reflect the suns rays and concentrate them on the surface of Mars, thereby making a vast burning glass. By swinging the mirror around, Cross explained it would be pract
36、icable to write words in the Martian deserts simply by burning the sand. For many years he bombarded (鼓吹) the French government with literature about this plan and was very disappointed when no official interest was shown.48From the passage we can learn that the opinion of the writer is that .Apeopl
37、e on the earth are almost certainly the only intelligent beings in the universe Bpeople on the earth are definitely the only intelligent beings in the universeCthere may be other intelligent beings in the universeDthere are other intelligent beings in the universe49Why is there unlikely any life on
38、Venus?ABecause the weather is too cold.BBecause it is severely short of water.CBecause it has a very thin atmosphere.DBecause the surface temperature is too hot.50According to the passage, it seems that Mars .Amay have both vegetable and animal lifeBmay be inhabited by attractive Martians Cmay have
39、some vegetable lifeDcan have no life at all51How did Gauss, the mathematician, want to establish contact with the Martians?ABy building a large mirror.BBy making patters with trees.CBy filling wide ditches with oil.DBy planting trees in triangular shape.52It can be learned from the last paragraph th
40、at Charles Cross felt .Adisappointed at the lack of official interest shown in his planBsurprised that the officials were interested in his suggestionCangry when the government paid little attention to his ideasDpleased when the government did take notice of his planDIn this modern world, activity a
41、nd movement are the default modes（默认模式）,if not with our bodies then at least with our minds, with our attention. We rush around all day, doing things, talking, emailing, sending and reading messages, clicking from browser tab （分页浏览器）to the next, one link to the next.We are always on, always connecte
42、d, always thinking, always talking. There is no time for stillness and sitting in front of a crazy computer all day, and then in front of the too active television, doesnt count as stillness.This comes at a cost: we lose that time for deep thinking, for observing and listening. We lose peace.And wor
43、se yet: all the rushing around is often agaist our will. I know, in our society action is all-important inaction is seen as lazy and passive and unproductive. However, sometimes too much action is worse than no action at all. You can run around crazily, all sound and fury, but get nothing done. Or y
44、ou can get a lot done but nothing important. Or you can hurt things with your actions, make things worse than if youd stayed still.And when we are forced to be still because wee in line for something, or waiting at a doctor appointment, or on a bus or train, we often get impatient and need to find s
45、omething to do. Some of us will have our mobile devices, others will have a notebook or folder with things to do or read, others will move their bodies around. Being still isnt something were used to.Take a moment to think about how you spend your days at work, after work, getting ready for work, ev
46、enings and weekends. Are you constantly rushing around? Are you constantly reading and answering messages, checking on the news and the latest stream of information? Are you always trying to Get Lots of Things Done, ticking off tasks from your list like a machine, rushing through your schedule?Is th
47、is how you want to spend your life?53Which of the following is true, according to the passage?ADoing nothing means happiness.BModern people are not used to being still.CPeople tend to pretend to be busy sometimes.DToo much action is always better than no action.54The underlined “this” in the third paragraph probably means .Abeing unable to keep stillBsitting before a computerCalways talking and thinkingDwatching too much TV55Which of the following can be considered to be stillness according to the author?a. Thinking deeply about your life.b. Listening to the