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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载高考英语重点长难句及词汇分析一、 The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively.【句式翻译】年轻人越接触经济问题, 他们就能越早地
2、明白这些问题,他们就更有可能成为有责任感的、早作准备的成年人,能够有信心地、有效地治理自己的经济问题；【句式分析】本句含有“the+比较级, the+比较级” 的句式,同时又含有一个 who 引导的限制 性定语从句,修饰先行词 adults；【词语点拨】1 expose vt.揭露；使暴露； be exposed to 暴露于；接触 We must expose this shameful activity to the newspapers. 我们肯定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径；We should allow children to be exposed to new ideas. 我们应当让
3、孩子们接触新思想；2）manage v.应对,设法应付；治理；能解决；We need people who are good at managing. 我们需要善于治理的人；manage to do 设法做成He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time. 他设法把游客准时送到机场；Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are not managed carefully. 假如掌控小帆船不够当心,它们在水中就简洁翻；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -
4、第 1 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载【语法点拨】“ the+比较级, the+比较级” ,表示 “越 越 ”；如：The more we get together, the happier well be. 我们越是多聚会 , 我们越欢乐；The longer she worked at it, the more enthusiastic she became. 她越干越来劲；二、In todays world, winners are celebrated and treated as heroes, but if doping and
5、 gene-therapy continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events, the word “hero” will have lost all meaning. 【句式翻译】在当今世界, 人们庆贺获胜者, 并把他们看作英雄, 但假如服用兴奋剂和基因治 疗连续影响着主要体育项目的成果的话, “ 英雄” 就失去了它的全部意义；【句式分析】本句是由并列连词 but 连接的复合句,其次个分句运用了将来完成时,同时,包 含有一个 if 引导的条件状语从句；【词语点拨】1 celebrate vt.庆祝 The whole city c
6、elebrated the New Year with fireworks. 全城放焰火来庆祝新年；2 affect vt.影响,感动 I told him firmly that his opinion will not affect my decision. 我坚决的告知他,他的观点不会影响我的打算；The audience present was deeply affected by his speech. 在场的听众都被他的演讲深深地打动了；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载三、 One
7、of the earliest epidemics on record happened about 500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire. 【句式翻译】历史上有记载的最早的传染病之一发生在公元 试图重建罗马帝国；【句式分析】500-550 年,当时的罗马皇帝正在本句包含一个 when 引导的限制性定语从句,从句中运用了过去进行时；【词语点拨】attempt v.& n.尝试,试图 William attempted to find the solutio
8、n to the problem. 威廉试图找到问题的解决方法；He was nearly drowned in the attempt to swim across. 他在试图游到对岸去时差一点被淹死；【语法点拨】过去进行时的构成： was/were doing,表示“ 过去某个时间正在进行的动作”；常 用的时间状语有 this morning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 等；如：What was he writing all day last Sunday. 上周日他一成天都在写什么？My b
9、rother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来受伤了；四、 Adverts are not only made and paid for by business, but also by individuals, organizations and associations that wish to inform or educate the public. 广告不仅【句式翻译】五、广告可由商家付费制作, 也可以由想给公众传达某种信息或训练公众的个人、组织或协会来出资制作；名师归纳总结
10、 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载【句式分析】本句是由并列连词 not onlybut also 连接的复合句, 第一个分句运用了一般现在 时的被动语态；【词语点拨】inform vt.通知,告知；构成短语：inform sb of sth 通知某人某事I shall inform you soon of the date of my arrival. 我将把我到达的日期通知你；I regret to inform you that I am unable to help you. 我遗憾地告知你我没法帮忙你
11、；【语法点拨】一般现在时的被动语态的构成： is/are done；表示“ 现在常常性、 习惯性的动作,并且主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系”；A lot of food is wasted every year. 每年铺张掉很多食物；Millions of tons of waste and poisonous gases are sent into the air with the smoke. 数百万吨的废气和毒气随着烟尘散发到空中；五、 Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, genetically
12、modified GM 转基因 foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world, mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. 【句式翻译】自从二十世纪九十岁月早期首次投入市场以来,转基因食物就不断地在很多国家开发和销售,主要是基于想要终止世界粮食危机；【句式分析】本句是一个含有 since 引导的时间状语从句的复合句,marketed是现在完成时的被动语态形式；【词语点拨】have
13、 been developed and 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载basis n. 基础；构成短语： on the basis of 以 为基础 Dont evaluate a person on the basis of appearance. 不要以相貌取人；Mr. Smith goes to the gym on a regular basis. 史密斯先生定期去健身房；六、 The Olympic spirit - the spirit of competition which e
14、mphasizes taking part rather than winning - has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs. 【句式翻译】奥林匹克精神 强调参与而不是取胜的竞技精神 价的愿望所亵渎；【句式分析】已经被为胜利而不惜一切代本句是复合句 , which 引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 spirit,to succeed 修饰desire,作定语；【词语点拨】rather than 与其；不愿； 而不是；用于连接两个并列成分,连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称
15、和数上保持一样Tom rather than his friends has been chosen. 是汤姆而不是他的伴侣们被选中；The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫廉价不如说它美丽；I decided to send an e-mail rather than telephone. 我打算发邮件而不是打电话；【语法点拨】名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载有些名词后常跟不定式作定语,如：time,
16、 way, right, reason, effort, chance, movement, ability, desire, tendency 等；如：Thank you for giving me a chance to make a speech. 感谢你给我发言的机会；Mr. Green has the ability to bring out the best in others. 格林先生能做到扬人之长；七、 When you set out to do something different, there s no end in sight, so to find myself
17、in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher - to be a published writer - is unbelievably rewarding. 【句式翻译】当着手去做不同的事情, 看不到结果, 所以,发觉自己的名字写在出版商的合同 上要成为一个出版作家 是令人难以置信的回报；【句式分析】本句是复合句,包含有三个从句,when 引导时间状语从句, so 引导结果状语从句, where 引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词position,to find 在句中作主语；【词语点拨】rewa
18、rding adj. 值得的；有酬劳的 So far my time with these children has been very rewarding. 到目前为止 ,我和这些孩子们度过的时间特别有价值；Government service can be a rewarding and secure career. 政府部门的工作可以很有回报,很有保证；【语法点拨】动词不定式可以作主语, 位于句首； 假如动词不定式短语过长, 为了防止句子头 重脚轻,可用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语动词不定式短语后置,详细用法 参见第 17 句；如：To obey the law is the du
19、ty of everybody. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载遵守法律人人有责；To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in the world. 爱人和被人爱是这个世界上最大的幸福；八、Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears
20、in their eyes. 【句式翻译】骄傲地阅读我写的内容时, 我环顾整个房间, 却发觉我的同学笑得眼泪都要流出 来了；【句式分析】本句是简洁句,包含有三个非谓语短语,reading my words 和 only to find 分别作时间状语和结果状语,bearing作宾补；【词语点拨】glance vi 瞥；浏览；后面常跟at, through, over 等介词I picked up the phone book and glanced through it. 我拿起电话簿,匆忙扫了一遍；He glanced at his watch and left the room. 他匆忙看
21、了一下手表,离开了房间；【语法点拨】动词不定式作结果状语时,通常表示出乎意料的结果,常被 just 或 only 修饰,置于句末,用逗号和句子分开；如：I went to the classroom, only to find nobody there. 我去了教室,却没有见到一个人；He rushed to the door, only to discover that it was locked and barred. 他冲到门边 , 却发觉门已被锁死了；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载九、
22、 At 12 years old she won a Guinness Record when she became the youngest female to win the womens world title for platform diving at the World Championships in Australia in 1991. 【句式翻译】1991 年, 12 岁的伏明霞就获得了一项吉尼斯纪录,当时她参与了在澳大利亚举 行的跳台跳水世界锦标赛,成为最年轻的女子世界冠军；【句式分析】本句是复合句, when 在句中引导状语从句, to win the womens wo
23、rld title 作定 语,修饰 the youngest female；【词语点拨】championship n.冠军称号；锦标赛 We are proud for you to win the championship. 我们为你赢得冠军而骄傲；All the gold medals for the championship fell to the team. 本届锦标赛的全部金牌都被这个队夺得；十、 Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months, with a tendency to strike the young and fi
24、t rather than the old, the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most acute epidemic in history. 【句式翻译】西班牙流感在十八个月内夺去了五千万人的生命,该病好像特地突击年轻力壮的人,而不是老迈长者,被认为是历史上最严峻的一次传染病；【句式分析】本句是简洁句,包含有一个句式：be believed to do/be 被认为做 /是 ,Having killed在句中作状语, to strike作定语,修饰 tendency；【词语点拨】名师归纳总结 strike vt. 攻（袭）击；打,打动；
25、钟敲响报 时; 使突然想起n.打击；罢工第 8 页,共 22 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Snowstorms often strike that area in winter. 冬天暴风雪常常突击那个地区；Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁；The clock struck twelve. 钟敲十二点；I was struck by the beauty of the West Lake. 我被西湖的美景给迷住了；It suddenly struck me that I ought to m
26、ake a new plan. 我突然想到 , 我应当制订一个新的方案；The bus drivers have been on strike for several days. 公共汽车司机罢工好几天了；【语法点拨】1）sth/sbbe believed to do/be 被认为做 /是 = It is/ was believed that,在这个句式中,不定式作主语补足语, 可以代替 believe 用于这个句式的动词仍有：say, suppose, think, know, report等；如：Do you know why Friday is believed to be an unl
27、ucky day. 你知道为什么星期五被认为是不吉利的日子吗？The old castle was believed to have ghosts living in it for many years. 多年来人们始终信任这座古堡里面居住着幽灵；The great pyramid is believed to have been built over a 20-year period. 人们认为建造这座大金字塔花去了 20 多年的时间；Yao Ming is thought to be one of the best basketball players in the world. 姚明被认
28、为是世界上最棒的篮球运动员之一；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载十一、 The best way to get rid of a negative serf-image is to realize that your image is far from objective, and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. 【句式翻译】摆脱负面的自我形象的最好方法是意识到你的形象远远不是客观的,同时主动地 使你信任自己的积
29、极的品质；【句式分析】本句是复合句, that your image is是宾语从句, to get rid of 在句中作定语, to realize 和 to actively convince是并列成分,作表语；【词语点拨】far from 远离；远非,远远不是 The work he did yesterday is far from perfect. 他昨天做的的工作远非十全十美；Far from relieving my cough, the medicine made it worse. 这药非但不镇咳,反而使我咳嗽得更厉害；2）convince vt. 使信服；常用于以下结构：
30、convince sb of sth 使某人信任某事；如：You need to convince your boss of your ability to do the job. 你需要让你的老板信任你有做这份工作的才能；convince sb to do 说服某人做某事It took me a long time to convince him to go with me. 我用了很长时间才说服他和我一起去；convince sb+that从句 使某人信任I managed to convince my friend that I didnt mean to hurt him. 我设法使伴
31、侣信任我不想损害他；【语法点拨】名师归纳总结 1）不定式 to do 作定语：详细用法参见第19 句；第 10 页,共 22 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载2）不定式 to do 作表语： 说明主语的详细内容；如：My only wish is to do something for the public. 我唯独的愿望是为公众做些事； 表示不行防止将要发生的事；如：The discovery is to have a great effect on our life. 这个发觉将对我们的生活产生重大影响；不定式作表语,且主语部
32、分有all, what, only 或是最高级形容词修饰的名词和实义动词 do 时,作表语的不定式可省去 to；如：All you need to do now is have a good rest. 现在你所需要的是好好休息；十二、 Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn t be a built-in device for cleaning the window.
33、 【句式翻译】留意到司机要很费劲的透过掩盖在挡风玻璃上的雪向外看,有一个内置的设备来清除雪呢；【句式分析】她不禁想为什么不能本句是复合句,that 和 why 在句中引导宾语从句, Noticing , covering和 wondering 分别作状语、定语和宾补；【词语点拨】notice vt.留意到；看到；常用于 notice sb do sth; notice sb doing sth和 notice sth done 结构中；I didnt notice you wearing a new hat. =I didnt notice you were wearing a new hat
34、. 我没有留意到你戴了一顶新帽子；We noticedJack leave the house an hour ago. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载我们留意到杰克一小时前离开了这所房子；No one but Miss Zhou noticed the flowers on the table changed. 除周小姐外,没有人留意到桌子上的花被换过；n.留意；通知The notice was set above the door, and I didn t see it. 通知贴在门的
35、上方,我没观察；He is too proud to take notice of others. 他很骄傲,不理会别人；【语法点拨】1）现在分词 doing 作定语：在规律上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系,也可改成定语从句； 单个分词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前,被修饰词之后；如：分词短语作定语一般放在The glow of the setting sun is splendid; it is a pity that dusk is fast approaching. 夕阳无限好,只是近黄昏；He is a businessman growingrich in recent years. 他是一
36、位最近几年才发起来的商人；2）分词作宾补：分词一般只在两类动词后作宾补, 感官动词 feel,listen to,hear,see,look at, watch,notice,observe 和使役动词 have, make；现在分词作宾补表示正在进行的主动 意义,过去分词就表示已经完成的被动意义；如：Through the window Jane saw children playing in the yard. 透过窗户简观察孩子们在院子里玩；Maria has had her wallet stolen on her way to school. 上学路上,玛利亚的钱包被偷了；十三、 T
37、o get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life means getting on with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载way possible. 【句式翻译】在这个世界中生存并欢乐的生活意味着能够与其他人很好的相处 , 能够懂得形 势并以最好的方式作出反应；【句式分析
38、】本句是简洁句,句子的主语是To get ahead, means作谓语, getting on with 和being able to是并列的宾语；【词语点拨】react v. 反应,做出反应 When the sun comes out, the flowers react by opening. 当太阳出来的时候,花以张开的形式作出反应；Do children react to kind treatment by becoming more self-confident. 对孩子们和善是否会使他们更有信心 . 十四、 The children played in the courtyar
39、ds and because of the hutongs, courtyards were joined together for miles around creating a network of people working, playing and living togethera real community. 【句式翻译】孩子们在院子里一起玩耍, 方圆好几里的四合院被连接起来,构成了人们一起工 作、一起消遣、一起起居的网络和一个真正的社区；【句式分析】本句是由并列连词 and 连接的复合句, creating作状语；【词语点拨】join v. 连接；参与 You should n
40、ever join an electric wire to a water pipe. 你千万不行把电线连接在水管上；All the family join me in wishing you a happy future. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载全部的家人同我一道祝你将来幸福；十五、At that time, there were restrictions on the movement of Europeans and so, in order to travel unnotic
41、ed, he developed his fluency in Chinese and dressedas a Chinese man, even shaving his head in the Chinese style. 【句式翻译】那时候,欧洲人在中国的活动受到种种限制, 因此为了在旅行时不引起别人留意,他努力使自己的汉语讲得很流利,发（留辫）；【句式分析】并且穿着中国人的服装, 甚至像中国人一样削本句是复合句 , so 引导结果状语从句, unnoticed 和 shaving作状语；【词语点拨】1）restriction n. 限制 The park is open to the p
42、ublic without restriction. 这个公园对公众开放 ,没有任何限制；There is no restriction on the number of people. 人数不限；2 dress v. 装扮；穿衣n. 衣服；礼服； dress 后常接 sb/oneself,不接衣服作宾语；构成短语： be dressed in穿着 Father dressed up as a clown to make children laugh. 为了逗孩子们笑,爸爸装扮成小丑；She hurriedly dressed her son and drove him to school.
43、她匆忙地给儿子穿上衣服,开车送他到学校；I feel awkward as everyone except me is in evening dress. 我感到很尴尬,由于除了我,谁都穿了夜礼服；Angels are usually shown in pictures dressed in white. 图画中的天使通常身穿白衣；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载【语法点拨】1）过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时, 常表示被动和完成, 此时分词的规律主语就是句子的主语；表示时间、条件、缘由、让步
44、时可转换为相应的状语从句；表示方式、结果和伴 随时可转化为并列分句；如：My father sat quietly on the couch, lost in thought=and he was lost in thought.我 父亲悄悄地坐在沙发上,沉迷在思索之中；at a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful. Looked =If it is looked 隔着一段距离看,这幅画好像要美丽得多；有些分词作状语,没有规律上的主语,已成为习惯用法：given（考虑到,如 果） , provided that（假如） ,compa
45、red with/to 等；Our greenhouse is nothing compared with yours. 我们这个温室比起你们那个简直是小巫见大巫；I will agree to go provided / providing that my expenses are paid. 假如为我负担费用,我就同意去；十六、 Shay didnt make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day. 【句式翻译】Shay 在那一年的冬天死了,没有活到其次年的夏天,他永久也忘不掉自己当英 雄以及让自己的爸爸如此兴奋, 忘不掉跑回家看到含泪的妈妈抱住这个小英雄