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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思【观看】定语从句中只用 that 不用 as 的情形1. Is there anything（that ） I can do for you in town. 2. All the books that have selected are useful ones. 3. The first thing（ that ） we should do is to work out the plan. 4. This is one of the most exciting table tennis games tha
2、t I have ever seen. 5. The last place that we visited in the countryside was a farm. 6. They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. 7. Who that has seen the film doesn（t like it.8. I ll never forget the Sundaythat ） my baby was born. 9. This is the way that my father did
3、 this work. 【归纳】限制性定语从句中只能用 that 引导定语从句的几种情形：1. 当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing （ something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等词修饰时；如：Have you set down everything that Mr Li said. There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the
4、 world. 留意：当先行词指人时,有时也可用关系代词who；如：Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时；如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；如：This is the best museum that I have
5、 visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时；如：She is the only person that understands me. After the big fire, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 留意：当先行词指人时,有时也可以用关系代词who；如：Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等
6、疑问代词时；如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd. Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in. 6. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时；如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 7. 当先行词是reason, way （方法）等词时,关系代词常用that代替 in which, for which, why, 也常可省略；如：She admired the way （that ） they solve
7、d the questions. 【歌诀】从句前有“ 不定式” ,先行词前有 only, when, some, any, the very 在,或有“ 高” 、“ 序” 去替代,名师归纳总结 【小试】只用 that来支配；第 1 页,共 4 页用适当的关系词完成以下句子；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思1. The only book I want to read is missing. 2. This is the second book I have ever written. 3. This is all
8、 I want to say at the meeting. 4. Have you any novels are worth reading. 5. Let s talk about the persons and the things we can remember. 6. Everything we have seen in China is moving. 7. I have nothing is worth reading. 8. Who you have ever seen can beat him in chess. 2. 只用 which ,不能用 that 作先行词的情形（1
9、） 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成“ 介词关系代词” 结构来修饰表事物的先行词时,关系代词必需用 which. 例如： The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子特别大；这就是老师正在谈及的那本 This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 参考书；留意：假如介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首, which 就可换为 that , 例如： This is the question which/that weve had so much discussion ab
10、out. =This is the question about which weve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次争论过的问题；（2） 先行词为“those 表事物的复数名词” 时,关系代词通常只用 which 而不用 that. 例如：Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior. 同学应牢记那些规范自己的行为准就；A bookshop should deal with a variety of those best sellers which
11、are newly published. 书店应当经营新出版的各种畅销书；同学你好,引导状语从句的连词 因而被称作准关系代词；as 可以用作关系代词,引导定语从句,1. 准关系代词 as 引导限制定语从句,用于以下 3个结构中, as 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语：a. so / such asSuch people as were mentioned by him were honest. as 作主语 I ve never seen such a clever man as he is. as 作表语 Last term our maths teacher of us worked out.
12、 b. the same asset so difficult an = such a difficult examination problem as none Modern statemen are often faced with the same problem as defeated the ancient Romans. as 作 宾语 I like the same book as you do. as 作宾语 c. as as As many children as came were given some cakes. as 作主语 He is as diligent a m
13、an as ever lived. as 作主语 补充：a. such as 与 such that 的区分 such as 引导定语从句； such that 引导结果状语从句；They talked in such simple English as children could understand. 他们用孩子们能听懂的简洁的英语交谈；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思They talked in such simple English that children cou
14、ld understand it. 他们用特别简洁的英语交谈,连孩子们都能听懂；I will provide you with such things as you may need. 我要供应你一些你可以用得着的东西；He shut the window with such a force that the glass broke. 他如此用力地关门,结果玻璃碎了；b. the same as 与 the same that 的区分：the same as 指两物相像, the same. 描述的是同一物；This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. 这
15、个书包和我昨天丢失的（书包）相像；（相像物）This is the same bag that I lost yesterday. 这正是我昨天丢失的那个书包；（同一物） 不能指代某个名词或代词 ,可2. 准关系代词as 引导非限制定语从句；a. as引导非限制性定语从句,只代表主语或主句的一部分所表达的意思以放在主句前,后或中间,在从句中作主语或宾语、例如：As is known to all, he is the best student in our class. as 指代整个句子,作主语,置于句首 He opposed the idea, as could be expected.
16、as 指代整个句子,作主语,置于句末 As we all know, he studies very hard. as 指代整个句子,作宾语,置于句首 Taiwan is, as you know, an inseparable part of China. as 指代整个句子,作宾语,置于句中 常用的这类句式有：as is said above 综上所述 - as is known to all 众所周知as is often the case 通常如此 - as is reported in the newspaper 如报纸所报导的b. 主句具有否定意义,as 引导的定语从句位于主句之后
17、时,as 指代得主句不包括否定意义,并可用 but取代；例如：Whales are now fish, as some people think / but some people think they are. I am no orator, as Brutus is.我不善言词 , 而勃鲁特斯却是个雄辩家. Spiders are notinsects,as many people think, nor even near1y related to them. 蜘蛛不是昆虫 , 尽管很多人认为它是昆虫, 它甚至与昆虫几乎没有关系. 但 as 引导的定语从句谓语主句前时,as 指代的主句仍包
18、括否定意义；As has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules. 正如前面所说的,语法不是一套死条纹；3. 在非限制性定语从句中,which 和 as 引导定语从句时的区分：a. which 引导的从句不能放在主句前,而 as 引导的从句就既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后；b. 用能做关系代词,as 和 which 都可以指代一个句子,但 as 有“ 正如” 、“ 就像” 之意,which 就没有此含义；He is a foreigner, as I know from his accent. as 指代一个句子,意为“ 正如
19、” 、“ 就像” He has to work o n Sunday, which he doesnt like. which 指代一个句子,没有“ 正如” 、“ 就像” c. 当从句的谓语动词是 be 或相当于联系动词的 seem, become 等时,可用 as 或 which 作主语；但当从句的谓语是行为动词时,只能用 which 作主语；4. as 可用作连词,引导状语从句,构成省略形式“as + 过去分词” 这一特别结构,译成汉语时作用如定语 ；例如：The bridge as shown in the picture is really wonderful. as shown =
20、as it is shown 可译为“ 图中的桥” 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思See the answers as given at the end of this book. as given = as it is shown 可译为“ 书后给出的答案” English as spoken is Australia is slightly different from British English. 名师归纳总结 as spoken = as it is spoken 可译为“ 在澳大利亚讲得英语” 第 4 页,共 4 页请看以下的“as + 过去分词” 结构用于修饰前面的名词：The study as described in the article如文章中描述的那种学习The program as conducted by由 指挥的（指导的）节目The art as applied to medicine应用于医学的艺术The products as seen on TV 电视上看到得产品- - - - - - -