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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载状语从句状语 是用来修饰动、形、副词的句子成分；由副词,介词短语,分词,分词短语,不定式,从句来充当；可以表示地点,时间（相伴） ,缘由,目的,结果,条件,让步,程度,方式,比较；位置可在句首、中、末；状语从句 - 时间状语从句： when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, by the time, as soon as, once, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the time,
2、 the day, each time, every time, any time, on doing sth, on ones+ noun., no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when, 地点状语从句： where, wherever, 缘由状语从句： because, since, as, nowthat, seeing that, considering that, in that, for, 目的状语从句： so, so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest 结果状语从句： so,
3、 so that , such that 条件状语从句： if, unless, as long as, so long as, in case, if only 方式状语从句： as, just as so, as if / as though让步状语从句：though, although, as, even if, even though, whether, while, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who/ what/ which/ when/ where/ how, 比较状语从
4、句： as as, not as so as, the same as, than, the more , the more,例句（低级）引导状语从句词的种类I was doing my homework _my mother came in. 时_they are waiting for the New Year, they listen to music. 间Do not make any noise _ I am recording. 状People waved flags _the parade went down the street. 语He did not go to bed _
5、his father came back. 从I will wait for you _ you come to see me. He waited _all the people left. 句He telephoned that he couldnt come _the concert began.Mother always prepares supper _I come back from school. I will go out to play basketball with you _ I finish my homework. We start to sing _it is 12
6、 oclock.We began to work _we got there. _weather stops me, I go for a walk every day. 条件状 语从句I will visit the Great Wall _ doesnt rain tomorrow.I will go there right now _he invites me. I like to eat apples _ its good for my health.缘由状 语从句目的状 语从句结果状 语从句_everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.He fa
7、iled in the exam _ he was too careless. _ no one is against it, lets carry out the plan.She dressed like a man _ she could join the army. I got up very early _ I could get to school on time. Well sit nearer the front _ we can hear better.Mike wanted to help people _ he become a doctor. He worked too
8、 hard _he fell it again. He was _ excited _ he couldnt go to sleep last night.He got up _ late _ he missed the train. He is _ tall _ he can reach the top to the blackboard. _ the weather is sunny, theres always snow high in the mountains.让步状名师归纳总结 第 1 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必
9、备欢迎下载引导语从句_ she wants to go to Paris, she doesnt want to fly.She wants to go to Paris, _she doesnt want to fly.状从的种例句（高级）词类He was working at the table when I went in. 时Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 间I used to love that film when I was a child, 状The telephone was ringing when I got
10、 home. 语I was surfing the internet when suddenly the electricity was cut off. 从be about to do when , be doing when , had done when句be on one s way when , be on the point of doing when-My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. Please don t talk so loud while others are working. I want the
11、girls to experience that while they are young. （I like watching TV while he likes reading.）- He hurried home, looking behind as he went. As I get older, I get more optimistic. As a boy When he was a boy, he was hopeless at maths. 有时候 As 后接一个名词,相当于时间状语从句；He told that it would be at least three more m
12、onths before he could recover and return to work. It will be a long time before we meet them again. 时间 状语 从句It will not be long before we meet them again. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. before 引导的从句不用否定式； 也不能用在句子开头？ You may stay here until the rain stops. I waited for h
13、im until he came back. 时间 状语 从句He didn t go to bed until he had finished his work.They didn t reach the village till it was dark.I worked until he came back. I didnt work until he came back. 主句确定, 谓语只能是连续性 + until/till. （主句动作） 直到（从句动作） 为止；主句否定, 谓语可是终止或连续 + until/till直到（从句动作） 才开头（主动作）Until you told m
14、e, I had heard nothing of what happened. It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment. Not until he graduated did he succeed in obtaining the compound. till 不放在句首,不用在强调句中,not until 放在句首时,主句用倒装语序；I haven t heard from him since he left. He hasn t seen me since I lived here.时间 状语从句H
15、e hasn t seen me since I have lived here.He has never been to see me since I was ill. He has never been to see me since I have been ill. I ve known Mr. Smith since I was a boy.He has studied very hard since he came to our school. I haven t heard any noise since I slept.- It s two years since we arri
16、ved here.第 2 页,共 6 页It s been quite some time since I was last in London.It s half a month since he was a League member.It s a long time since he didnt study EnglishX名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - It s a long time since he studied English.学习必备欢迎下载It was three years since we had been he
17、re. By the time you came back, I had finished reading the book. By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope. You grow younger every time I see you. 时间状 语从句时间状 语从句时间状 语从句the time, the day, each time, any time 名词短语引导时间状语从句 As soon a
18、s he arrives, Ill tell him. Well leave the minute you are ready.The moment I saw him, I recognized him. I left immediately the clock struck 5. You will be successful in the interview once you have confidence. “ 一 就 ” directly, instantly, , - On arriving at the station, the thief was arrested. On his
19、 arrival at classroom, the teacher came and the bell rang. On his arrival in Paris, he was recognized as a noble and thrown into prison. “ 一 就 ”, on doing sth; on one s + noun.时间状 语从句I had no sooner reached the bus stop than the bus started. I had scarcely / hardly entered the room when the phone ra
20、ng. “ 刚 .就 ” ,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时；No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain. Hardly / scarcely had I entered the room when the phone rang. 表示否定意义的词或短语放在句首时,主句倒装；When you are in trouble, you can visit this man. 时间状 语从句Dont speak until you are spoken to. 时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一样,从句又有 be动词显现时,从句可省略主语和b
21、e动词；When I came into the room When coming into the room, I found him lying there asleep.当 when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时,用 when+分词；I _ring you up as soon as I _ get to Beijing. I_wait for you till you _come to see me. You can go home after you finish your homework. 时间状 语从句主句是一般将来时或谓语含有情态动词时,由when, before,
22、 after, as soon as, until 等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时-主将从现；He wants to be a doctor when he grows up. 主句谓语是 want, hope, wish等动词的一般现在时,由when, before, after, as soon as, until 等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时Look before you leap. 主句是祈使句时,由 时间状语从句用一般现在时；when, before, after, until等 引导的- We must camp where we can get water. Where t
23、here is a will, there is a way. 地点状 语从句Youd better not leave the medicine where kids can get at it.Make a mark where you have any questions. Go back where you came from. Go back to the village where you came from. - He didn t go with us because he was ill. 原第 3 页,共 6 页It was because he was ill that
24、didn强调句型中只能用 because. 因An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much. 状-Why is he absent. -Because he is sick. 语名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载从 句缘由通常是听话人所不知道的,表示缘由的语气最强,回答why 的提问；可单独存在, Because .so .（X）Since everyone makes mistakes, you shouldnt always cr
25、iticize him.Since no one is against it, lets carry out the plan. since 表缘由的语气次于because, 指明显的或为人们已知的事实理由,可以译成“ 既然,鉴于” ,表示一种含有将就语气的缘由；常置于句首；As he wasn t ready in time, we went without him. As you are leaving last, lock up. As you object, we wont go. as 的含义和 since类似,语气最弱,引导的缘由只是对结果的附带说明,一般置于句首；- He fou
26、nd it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. She can t have done that, for she is not that kind o f girl. He must be ill, for he is absent today. The days are short, for it is now December. It must have rained, for the ground is wet. The ground is wet because it has
27、rained. for 引导的缘由较简接,是对某种情形加以推断,好像是事后所想到的补充解 释或附加的理由,规律关系不肯定是因果关系；一般置于全句之后；He felt no fear, for/ because he was a brave boy. 两个分句间有肯定的因果关系 时,很难区分是直接缘由仍是估计性缘由,for/ because 可以互换 ；for 有时与 because意义相像,表示的缘由往往供应上文未交待过的情形；- Now that everybody is here, let s begin. Now that 用来说明一种新情形,然 后加以推论； 与 since类似,强调人
28、们已知的事实； 位于句首时, that 可省略；- Why is she training to be a teacher when she doesnt even like children.How can he learn anything when he spend all his spare time watching television. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one. when 有时也可引导缘由状语从句,相当于since/ now that 表示“ 既然” ；- We agree to po
29、stpone the shipping date, considering that there is no steamer recently. Seeing that its raining hard, the fete will probably be cancelled.- As the little boy was hurt seriously, he couldn Being hurt seriously, the little boy couldn t see anything.t see anything. 缘由状语从句有时可有省略形式,用分词形式,但主句和从句的主语应当一样；D
30、o as you like. I am as you can imagine short of money. 方 式 状 语从 句Just as water is to fish, so air is to man. as; just as so; It seems as if the boy has lost his way.（从句与事实相符,用陈述语气）The man walked as if he were drunk. （从句与事实不符,用虚拟语气 Our teacher treats us as though we were her children. 与事实不符,用虚拟语气 as
31、if, as though 方式状从与事实相符, 用陈述语气, 与事实不符, 用虚拟语气 The girl stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone. The woman teacher hurriedly left the classroom as though she was angry. 结第 4 页,共 6 页Kate seemed as if she was good at dancing. 方式状从中主语和句子主语一样,后面紧跟 be 的形式时,可以省略主语和 be Mr. Smith had overslept so
32、he was late for work. The train was so full that I could hardly turn around. She is such a nice girl that we all like her. 果状- It s so dark that he couldnt see the faces of his companions. so+ 形/副+that 从句语名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - There is so little water that you can学习必备欢迎下载从t dr
33、ink. so+much/little+ 不行数名词 + that So+many/few+可数名词复数 + that so+形容词 +a/an+可数名词单数 + that. 句Tom is so kind a boy that they all like to make friends with him. - She is such a good girl that she can help you. These were such difficult questions that none of us could answer. Pop music is such an important
34、 part of society that it has even influenced our 目 的状 语 从句language. such+ a+形容词 +可数名词单数 + that such+ 形容词 +可数名词复数 + that such+形容词 +不行数名词 + thatI am so happy that you could visit us. so=very that引导宾语从句It s such a great pleasure that you are here. that 引导的主语从句；Well sit nearer the front so that we can h
35、ear better.He studied hard so that he might succeed. Betty got up early in order that she might catch the train. in order that 常用于正式文体,可置于句首或尾. so that 置句尾 , that 可省略；so that 引导目的状从表示的是意欲或可能性,引导结果状从表示的是一种事实；形式上看有无逗号,从句中谓动是否有can/could, may/might, will/would. Weve come early so that the meeting can be
36、gin promptly.We are all here now, so that the meeting can begin at last. - He left early in case he should miss the train. We all seemed afraid to say what was in our minds, for fear that it should cause trouble. I shall write it down lest I should forget. lest 和 for fear that 引导的从句须用 should+动词原形表虚拟
37、语气；- He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten o He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oso that clock. so as to, 主从句的主语相同时；He worked day and night in order that he could succeed He worked day and night in order to succeed. in order that in order to 主从句的主语相同时；The teacher raised his
38、voice in order that the students in the back could hear more clearly. The teacher raised his voice in order for the students in the back tohear more clearly. in order thatin order for sb to 主从句的主语不一样时；The result was not as /so good as I had expected. They want peace as much as we do. asas., not asso
39、 as , the same as. Engines are to machines what /as hearts are to animals. what / as 可引导对称成对比关系的状语从句；- The new rule worked out better than we had planned. 比 较 状 语从 句She is not more enthusiastic about her job than she used to do. - The more you read, the better you understand. = If you read more, you
40、 will understand better. The more difficult the questions are, the more likely I am to be able to answer them. If he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it条第 5 页,共 6 页s very cold.I will go there so long as he invites me. 状Man is ready to die for an idea, provided that idea were not clear to him. 语名师归纳总结