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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高一英语下学期 重点单词短语 语法重难点复习Unit 13 Healthy eating 本单元重点单词decision n. 打算junk n. 垃圾 ;废物 ;毒品 俚语 contain vt. 包含 ;容纳vitamin n. 维生素hurt v. 疼痛 ;损害pain n. & vt. 疼stomach n. 胃patient n. 病人cough v. & n. 咳嗽ripe adj. 水果 熟的knee n. 膝 exam n. 检查 ;考试energy n. 能量 fuel n. 燃料 traditional adj. 传统的 d
2、iet n. 节食calorie n. 卡路思 ,卡热量单位 offer vt. 供应 ;赐予protein n. 蛋白质 muscle n. 肌肉 calcium n. 钙 carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物nutrient n. 养分物 function n. 作用 ;机能fibre n. 纤维 mineral n. 矿物质 pills n. 药丸 balanced adj. 平稳的include vt. 包括 amount n. 数量supplement n. 补充物 challenge n. 挑战 opportunity n. 机会 snack n. 小吃苦耐劳equipmen
3、t n. 设备 fold vt. 折叠本单元重点短语give advice on 就 提 看法 建议make suggestions 提建议make a list of 列出一张 单子 have a fever 发烧make up 编拟定 ;创设 all the time 始终be careful with 当心 留神 be all right 正常 ;康复in the future 将来 lie down 躺下plenty of 大量的本单元重点单词a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力糖Unit 14 Festivals festival n. 节日 custom n. 风俗习惯
4、habit n. 习惯 symbol n. 象征describe v. 描述 favorite adj. 喜爱的fight n. 战役 crime n. 犯罪allow vt. 答应 argument n. 争论celebrate v. 庆祝 major adj. 主要的create vt. 制造 ancestor n. 古人；前辈characteristic n. 特点 principle n. 原就community n. 社区；团体 self-determination n. 自我作打算solve vt. 解决 faith n. 真诚lit v. 点燃（过去式）theme n. 主题1
5、名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - generation n. 一代人salute v. 向 致敬reminder n. 提示occasion n. 时机fool vt. 愚弄；戏弄本单元重点短语compare with 与 进行比较make others happy 使他人幸福欢乐learn about 明白 spend on 在 方面花费so that 以便 speak for 为 说话the spirit of 的精神commercial activities 商业活动by giving away 以舍弃 的方
6、式 have got to 必需instead of 替代 get out of the car 下车get off 下车 take off ones hat 摘下礼帽look into the eyes 直视（某人的）眼睛 make friends with 与 交伴侣shake hands with sb. 与某人握手 the living and the dead 生者和死者the cycle of life 生命周期 play tricks on sb. 戏弄某人Unit15 The necklace 本单元重点单词scary adj. 可怕的,吓人的mysterious adj. 神
7、奇的,不行思议的necklace n.项链scene n. 场景；布景recognize vt. vi. 认出；熟悉；承认 diamond n. 钻石；金刚石government n.政府 ball n. 舞会palace n. 宫；宫殿 jewellery n. （总称）珠宝accept vt. 接受 invitation n. 邀请；请贴franc n. 法郎 continue vi.连续pretty adj. 美丽的；俊秀的 happiness n.幸福；欢乐exactly adv.精确地 valuable adj.值钱的；珍贵的worth adj. 值 的 author n.作者cha
8、racter n. 人物,角色； 汉 字 line n. 戏曲 台词alien n.外侨 clone n.v. 克隆rehearse v. 排练（节目）plot n. 小说的 情节dormitory n. 宿舍本单元重点短语fall asleep 人睡；睡着a dark night in April 四月的一个黑夜a scary place 一个恐惧的地方create a short play 编一个短剧on one s way to school 在某人上学的路上something unusual happened 发生了反常的事another normal day 又一个一般的日子walk
9、 towards sb. 朝某人走去dont look very well看上去气色不好 look older than one看上去比年龄大ten years of hard work 十年的辛苦 only a small cold room to live in 只有寒舍一间for the past ten years 在过去的十年里in a government office 在一下政府部门accept an invitation 接受邀请 after all 究竟a man with a lot of money 有钱人continue to do sth. 连续做某事名师归纳总结 -
10、 - - - - - -第 2 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - cal on 拜访；拜望 bring out 取出；拿出a lovely diamond necklace 可爱的钻石项链 try it on 试戴look wonderful on sb. 戴在某人身上看上去很美the last moment of happiness 最终的欢乐时间look down 低头看rush back to the palace 猛地跑回宫殿without luck 不幸运,不凑巧 day and night 日日夜夜pay off 仍清 write a scene 写
11、一个场景precious stone 钻石take up several jobs 找几份工作wear a new ring 戴新戒指 animal products 动物制品play different roles 扮演不同的角色 lines written like a dialogue 写得像对话的台词of ones own 某人自己的 come up with a very good story 编成很好的故事give it a try 试一试take sb. for a ride 带某人去兜风a thousand years from now 从现在起一千年 be scared 可怕
12、do the same with 照 做 rehearse a play排练话剧Unit 16 Scientist at work 本单元重点单词instructions n. 指令；指示 safety n. 安全glove n. 手套 accident n. 事故earring n. 耳环 flame n. 火焰advantage n. 优点；优势 wheel n. 轮；方向盘engine n.引擎,发动机 technology n. 技术energy n. 能量 nuclear n.原子space n. 太空；空间 economy n.经济conduct n. 指导；处理；传导 light
13、ing n. 闪电realize vt. 熟悉；意识 attract vt. 吸引condenser n. 电容器；聚光器 last vi. 连续frame n. 框架 enough adj. 足够的control n.& vt. 掌握 fix v. 安装；确定fasten vt. 扎（捆）sharp adj. 尖锐的charge n.& v. 负责；充电 cross n. 杂交；十字架本单元重点短语in one opinion 在某人看来 a waste of （某方面）的铺张make use of 利用 be famous for 因 而著名all over 遍及 make discove
14、ries 发觉a number of 一些 a great deal of 大量；很多fasten tieto 把 扎（捆）到 上面 take care 留神；当心protectfrom 爱护 免受损害 stop from doing 阻挡 不 tear down 拆掉 be in tears 含着泪花end in 以 告终；终止 such as 如；例如at least 至少 ;起码 find out 查清晰；弄明白go against 与 对抗be made up of 由 组成 . 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
15、- - Unit 17 Famous women 本单元重点单词inspire vt. 鼓励 explain v. 说明admire v. 仰慕 smart adj. 机警的；时髦的cheerful adj. 兴奋的 general adj. 大致的；总的hard-working adj. 努力的 weak adj. 脆弱的；不强壮的stupid adj. 愚蠢的 dishonest adj. 不诚恳的mean v.n. 意味着；方式 tense v 紧急miserable adj. 可怕的 singer n. 歌手actress n. 女演员 champion n. 冠军alone adj.
16、 单独的 penguin n. 企鹅Antarctica n. 南极洲 challenge n. 挑战increase v. 增长 howling adj. 极端的；嚎叫的optimistic adj. 乐观主义的 climate n. 气候experience n. 体会；经受 individual adj. 一个人的bother v. 麻烦 literature n. 文学skip v. 跳动 discipline n. 纪律career n. 履历；生涯本单元重点短语in high position 位置很高the South Pole南极fall into 掉入the North Po
17、le 北极polar bear北极熊at the opposite end of 在 对面pull ones sled 拉雪橇be about do do 刚要（做）be just around the corner 就在邻近,即将来临in good health 健康状况良好stand on ones left leg 用左腿独立站好 solo travel独自旅行blow away 吹跑；刮走 knock sb. over. 把某人撞倒refer to 所指；参考 rise to fame 名声大振the host of a talk show 脱口秀主持人 so far 到目前为止in
18、history 在历史上fight for chances 设法查找机会best of luck to you 祝你好运without a strong plan 没有具体的方案always be the very best 总是做到最好 share with与 共享Unit 18 New Zealand 本单元重点单词description n. 描述 region n. 地区surround v. 围绕 climate n. 气候subtropical n. 亚热带 volcano n. 火山narrow adj. 狭窄的 sign v. & n. 签字；迹象celebrate v. 庆祝
19、 temperature n. 温度4 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - symbol n. 象征desert n. 沙漠quality n. 质量本单元重点短语lie to 位于 be made up of 由 组成be surrounded by 被 围绕 be famous for 因 著名such as 例如 take possession of 拥有 refer to 参考；所指 in relation to 与 有关be marked with 标有 记号 compare to 把 比作stand fo
20、r 代表 make up 占据空间plenty of 大量；很多 be native to 原产于 be careful in （在某方面）认真 prepare for 为 作预备Unit 19 Modern agriculture 本单元重点单词modern adj.现代的 agriculture n. 农业raise vt.饲养 ;举起 cattle n.牛create vt.制造 ;生产 flood n. 洪水drought n 干旱 traditional adj. 传统的technique n.技术 fertilization n. 施肥irrigation n. 浇灌 electr
21、ic adj.电的pump n 水泵 delegation n 代表shortage n 短处 arable adj.适于耕种的greenhouse n.温室 hang v.吊起control vt & vi. 掌握 instruction n. 指令 ;指示nature n.自然 harvest n.收成本单元重点短语make a decision 做打算 over time 长期以来bring in 引进 be harmful to 对有损害be friendly to 对友好 as well as 也;仍depend on 依靠 be short of 缺少 ;不足a variety o
22、f 种种 instead of 代替go against 违反 year after year 一年又一年next to 隔壁 ;紧挨 pass on 向下传from generation to generation 一代又一代 at sunset 在太阳落山时Unit 20 Hurmour 本单元重点单词humour n. 幽默,诙谐 bitter adj. 苦的,痛楚的chalk n. 粉笔 couple n. 一对,一双,夫妇minister n. 牧师,部长,大臣 comedian n. 喜剧演员,滑稽演员5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页精选学习资料
23、 - - - - - - - - - circus n. 马戏团intend v. 想要,准备,意指stage n. 舞台 nationality n. 国籍,国家,部落certain adj. 确定的,无疑的,某 amuse v. 使发笑,使开心laughter n. 笑,笑声 accent n. 腔调,腔调,重音actually adv. 实际上,事实上 typical adj. 典型的,象征性的tradition n. 传统 rapid adj. 快速的,快的applaud v. 拍手喝彩,鼓掌appreciate v. 赏识,鉴赏,感谢fluent adj. 流利的,流畅的 exist
24、 v. 存在,生存phrase n. 词组,短语 suffer v. 经受或遭受,忍耐operate v. 运转,操作direction n. 方向,指导,说明书brake v. & n. 刹车 cyclist n. 骑自行车的人fortunately adv. 幸运地 bicycle n. 自行车silence n. 安静,缄默,静默 rude adj. 粗鲁的,残暴的confuse v. 使困惑,打乱,混淆 本单元重点短语confused adj. 困惑的,苦恼的tongue twister 绕口令 a couple of 两三个make fun of 取笑,嘲笑 date back to
25、 回溯至make use of 利用某事物（某人）look on as 把 看作be on good terms with sb. 与某人关系好 drive off 把车开走,赶走,击退act a role of 扮演 的角色 roar with laughter 大笑act out small sketches 演小品 knock sb. off 把 撞下来in the other direction 在另一方向 a flow of 连续不断的某事物have sth. in common with 与 有相同之处play with 玩act out 演出来even if 即使,纵然act a
26、s 扮演Unit 21 Body language 本单元重点单词express vt. 表达communicate v. 沟通；交际touch vt. 触摸vary vi. &vt. 转变；变化mean vt. 意思是；准备apologize vi. 愧疚crazy adj. 疯狂的chase vt. 追逐shake v. 摇动rub v. 摩擦fold vt. 折叠directly adv. 直接地；一 就 universal adj. 一般disrespectful adj. 不受人敬重的gesture n. 手势thumb n. 大拇指difference n. 区分greet vt.
27、 问候handshake n. 握手embrace vi. 拥抱interpretation n. 说明；说明的；一般的emotion n. 情感incredible adj. 不能信任的本单元重点短语get through 通过,接通 tear down 拆毁6 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - ask for 向 要help sb. with sth. 帮忙某人做 thanks for 感谢 feel down 闷闷不乐express ones thoughts and opinions 表达某人的思想和看法c
28、ommunicate with 与 交际 learn about 打听 spoken language 口语 make a circle 成一圈from culture to culture 从一种文化到另一种文化 index finger 食指shake ones head 摇头 be used to do 被用来做 主谓一样主谓一样是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一样关系；一个句子中主谓一样,通常指三个基本原就：语法一样,即形式上一样；概念一样,即概念或意念上的一样；毗邻一样,即谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一样；一、 语法一样原就1、 在通常情形下,一个句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一
29、样；即主语为单数形式,谓语也为单数形式；主语为复数形式,谓语也为复数形式；如：This exercise on English idioms is not easy.这个英语短语练习不简洁；2、 在“there be” 结构中,“ be” 的单复数取决与后面主语的数. 如： There has been little change in this city.这个城市没有多少变化；3、“ one of ” 结构,位于用单数, “ two of ” 结构位于用复数One of the things I want to do is traveling. Two of the boys have lo
30、st their way home.我想做的一件事是去旅行；有两个男孩回家迷路了；3、 倒装句的主语在谓语之后,防止误用；Never before has she been to Paris. 二、 概念一样她以前从未去过巴黎；1、 主语是抽象概念、短语或从句,谓语用单数形式；如：To tell lies is wrong.说谎是不正确的； （不定式做主语）Keeping the house is a tiring job.治理家务是一件很劳累的事；（动名词做主语）How this happened is not clear to anyone.从句做主语 留意：（1）用 what 或 whi
31、ch 引导的主语从句或简洁句中的数的概念取决于后面的表语,由于它们在规律上的意义是相同的；如： Which is your seat. 你的座位是哪一个？ Which are your seats. 你们的座位是哪些？（2）单个的分词作主语,不定式作主语,以及主语从句,谓语都用单数,如用连 接上述的相同两个成分,谓语才用复数；2、 两个或两个以上的主语用and 和 both 连接时,谓语用复数形式；3、 and 连接的并列主语指同一人或同一样东西,and 后的名词前没有冠词,谓语用单数；如有,就用复数；如：My best friend and adviser has changed his m
32、ind again. 我的密友兼顾问又转变他的想法了； My friend and the student Sue are in the classroom. 同学在教室里；a. 如 and 后面加 not, 谓语用单数；如：我的伴侣和那位叫苏的b.Lilei,and not I, has won the game.是 Lilei赢了竞赛,而不是我；用 and 连接的单数主语,前面有each,every,many a,no等词修饰时,谓语用单数；7 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - c.复数主语前加each, 谓语
33、仍用复数；d. no 后面名词为单数,谓语用单数；后为复数,谓语用复数；三、 毗邻一样由 not only but also,neither nor ,either or ,or 连接的并列主语,在确定句中谓语变化取决于后面的饿主语,在疑问句中取决于前面的主语；如；Either he or I am mistaken. 他和我都没错；Either he or you are to go there.（详见高一下册 P155P156）（二）虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、推测或建议,而不是事实；虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语动词的特别形式来表现的,是把握虚拟语气的关键；一、 虚拟语气在简洁句中
34、的用法因此,把握虚拟语气中的各种谓语动词的形式变化,虚拟语气用于简洁句中,一般表示希望、命令等；谓语动词要用原形；二、 虚拟语气在主从复合句中的用法（1）在状语从句中的用法1、 条件句中的用法虚拟语气的条件句是用谓语动词的特别形式来表现与现在、过去事实相反的情形或对将来发生的情形表示怀疑,和直陈语气条件句中的谓语动词形式以及表达的含义完全不同；虚拟语气条件句中所用的谓语动词的过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时等,只表示不同的虚拟语气,和直陈语气的过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时等毫无关系；现将虚拟语气的各种具体形式和用法分述如下；a. 表示与现在事实相反的情形形式条件从句的动词形式 主句的动词形式I
35、f I I we should we,you,he,she,it,they+ 行 You he,she , + 动词原形或：为动词的过去式（be 的过去式 they,it would 一般用 were）全部人称 +mightcould+ 动词原形用法： If I had more time, I should study German.fact:I have no more time, so I shall not study German. If she were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.fact:sh
36、e is very busy, so she will not attend the meeting this afternoon. If they didn t take physical exercises every day, they wouldn t be so healthy.fact: they take physical exercises every day, so they are very healthy. b. 表示与过去誓死相反的情形形式；条件从句的动词形式I 主句的动词形式If I we should we,you,he,she,it,they+had+过You h
37、e,she , +have+过去分词或：去分词they,it would 全部人称 +couldmight+have+过去分词用法：8 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterdays examination.fact:I had no more time at yesterday s exam, so I didn t check my paper again You would ha
38、ve already recovered from his illness if he had seen the doctor in good time.fact: He didnt see the doctor in good time ,so he hasnt recovered from his illness c. 表示与将来事实相反的情形形式：a.条件从句的动词形式主句的动词形式动If I we,you,he,she,it,they+行I we should b.为动词的过去式 （be 的过去式一般用You would +动词原形或：were ）通常要与一个表将来的时间的heshe,
39、it would 状语连用they would If I we,you,he,she,it,they+couldmight+we,you,he,she,it,they+should 词原形+动词原形c. If I we,you,he,she,it,they+were to+ 动词原形用法： If it rains tomorrow, our picnic will be put off.The weather has been changeable these days. If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. The weath
40、er has beenvery good these days. If it should rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.That would be out of our expectation. If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. 条件从句谓语动词用 were to + 动词原形,表示 下雨的可能性微小；Were to rain 和 should rain 都表示“ 出乎意料之外” ,但 were to 加强表示“ 起初没想到以后的事” c. 混合时间条件句
41、的用法：有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的 表达的具体时间来打算用什么形式；时间不一样；这时动词的形式,应依据它所要1） If she hadnt trained so hard, she wouldnt be run so fast.（从句表达过去,主句表达现在； ）（fact: she has trained very hard, so she would able to run fast.）2You would speak English well enough if you had practised reading and speaking it every day. 主句表达现在,
42、从句表达过去 （fact: You didnt practice hasnt practiced reading and speaking it every day, so you cant speak English well enough.）2、 在其他状语从句中的用法主要用于由as if as though 引导的比较状语从句,从句中谓语动词一般用“ 动词的过去式（ be 变 were ）或 had + 过去分词；”如：She looked as if she were ill. 不佳 实际上她没有病,在这里用虚拟语气补语比如她精神 Xiao Liu speaks English so well as if he had studied in England. 这里用虚拟语气表现他的 英语说得好 9 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （2）、在主语从句中的用法：通常由形式主语 it 引出的主语从句来表达；主语从句中,谓语动词用“should+ 动词原形” ；表示“ 必要”“ 重要” “ 古怪” 等意思；It is necessary that you should clean the workshop after work. 下班后