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1、阅读填空考纲解读此题要求考生在读完一篇短文后，根据文中相关的内容，填写表格。 它要求考生归纳概括文中的要点， 并根据一定的线索把相关的内容以表格的形式有序地表达出来。阅读填空属于综合能力考查题， 强调主观表述， 主要考查考生综合运用语言知识的能力。它既考查考生快速获取信息的能力，也考查组织信息、表达信息的能力。具体地说，其能力测试要求为：1对文章中所提供的关键信息的正确判断和采集。2适当的句型转换。3正确地使用英语解释英语。4原文细节信息的正确理解。5主旨大意的归纳。命题分析通过对 2010 年, 2011 年和 2012 年湖南省的三篇阅读填空题的分析，从中可得到如下考点：设题类型答案特点湖
2、南近三年阅读填空题各题型考查数10 年11 年12 年直接信息题文中信息，无需加工4 3 3 归纳概括题标题归纳题全文主旨，准确概括1 0 1 段落归纳题段落中心，提炼精髓1 0 1 组织信息题信息长句，浓缩核心4 7 5 小组合作：探究点一组织信息题Ex. A. 1. 信息句“ be responsible for your own learning, though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members. ”- Take _ for one s own l
3、earning. 2. 信息句“ One of the most important rules is never to compromise on the things you ask for or desire or it will badly affect your life. - Don t compromise on your requirements or it will have a(n) _ on your life. 3. 信息句 Some can help find the right schools based on one s interests. - Find the
4、 right school that one _. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 4. 信息句 Bad dreams can disturb the sleep and make a person feel stressed throughout the next day. - Effects: Cause _ at night; Bring much pressure through the day. B.
5、4. 信息句“ They are trying to make living conditions better”- They are trying to have _. 5. 信息句“ One likely development will be a gradual change in the family unitThe other likely development will be a change in the proportion of the nations workforce.”- development: _ ；workforce proportion change C. 6
6、. 信息句“ So, from now on try to be a happy and positive person. ”- Try to be _. 7. 信息句“ Then, the listener can make multiple playlists without creating an account(账户 )with the site.”- Make multiple playlists_ D. 8. 信息句“ Now due to the extra charges the number of cars on the road will be reduced. Besid
7、es, air pollution will be reduced if more people choose to use public transport or to cycle. - The measures make good sense: Less cars will be on the road; _ will be produced by using public transport or cycling more. 9. 信息句“ Your requirements might not be easy to meet, but you have the right to try
8、 and achieve them.”- Although your requirements _ to meet, you should try hard. 10. 信息句 Moving conveyor belts gives the plants the precise amount of light and nutrients needed, letting them grow 15 times as much vegetable as on a normal farm with 5% of the water that traditional agriculture does. -
9、harvest more with _. 11. 信息句 The government could use the extra income from higher charges for motorists to make the public transport better. - Extra income from higher charges will be used to _. E. 12. 信息句“The opinions of critics are that universities are making these changes in an attempt to avoid
10、 action by Congress. - _ : Schools are making these changes to avoid Congress action. 解题方法：A. B. C. D. E. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 探究点二归纳概括题1. 信息句 Volunteering does much good to a volunteer. For example, volunteering
11、offers you chances to develop ability, skill and personal strengths. As part of a volunteer group, you get first-hand exposure to use and learn communication and teamwork dynamics. _ of volunteering Offering you chance to develop ability, skill and personal strengths Making you use and learn communi
12、cation and teamwork dynamics 2. 信息句 Volunteering is required to promote human rights and equality, and respect the rights, dignity and culture of others as well. - _: promote human rights and equality; respect the rights, dignity and culture of others 3. 信息句 Why would we want to build skyscrapers fi
13、lled with vegetables when we ve been farming on the ground for 10,000 years? Because as the world s population grows, we could run out of productive soil and water. - _: ever growing population especially in cities; less and less productive soil and water. 4. 信息句 Empathy is the ability to share some
14、one else s feelings and emotions as if they were your own. - _ of empathy : The ability to share other s feelings and emotions. 5. 信息句In conclusion, developing empathy skills is important for living a full life. So don t be afraid of being close to other people and letting them in your life. - _: Be
15、ing important for living a full life; Being brave to contact with others. 6. 信息句Beijing plans to charge drivers more to reduce the city s worsening traffic jam. Measures include raising parking fees for city center areas and jam charges on vehicles. - _: To reduce the city s worsening traffic jam; T
16、o discourage drivers from travelling to the city center. 7. 信息句 Our research finds out a number of qualities that occur regularly among top achievers. - _ of the research: Top achievers have some common qualities. 根据文中信息词判定概括词why, because, result in, lead to, be caused by in short, all in all, in co
17、nclusion refer to, be, be called plan/ intend find, discover do good, be useful require, demand 巩固练习：经典回顾： 2012湖南卷 Since the earliest civilization, people have controlled rivers to meet society s demands. Today, rivers are controlled for many reasons, primarily to maintain reliable water supplies fo
18、r daily, 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - agricultural and industrial needs, for power generation, for navigation( 航行), and to prevent flooding. River control is achieved by channelization, a term that covers a range of river
19、 engineering works, including widening, deepening, straightening and stabilization of banks, and by the construction of dams. An important period of channelization took place in Europe during the 19thcentury, when many large rivers were straightened and their beds deepened. One of the most dramatica
20、lly changed was the Tisza River, a branch of the Danube that flows through Hungary. The controlling of the Tisza, designed to reduce floods and make land for agriculture, included cutting off more than 100 meanders(河曲 ), shortening the river s length nearly 400 kilometers. One of the most common way
21、s in which people control rivers is by damming them. The past 50 years or so has seen an increase in dam construction worldwide, and at the beginning of the 21stcentury, there were about 800,000 dams globally, some towering more than 200 meters in height. Despite their successes, many dams also caus
22、e significant environmental changes that prove harmful. Some particularly deep reservoirs( 水库 ) can bring about earthquakes due to the stress on their bottom rocks caused by huge volumes of water. Downstream of a reservoir, the river is certainly influenced in many ways: water volume, speen and qual
23、ity are all affected, leading to changes in the landscape and among plants and animals. 应试点睛：分析表格结构和内容，准确定位填空要求，借助已有信息, 同横 ,纵栏一致。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -