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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载被动语态复习“ 三步曲”被动语态是动词语态的一种形式,表示主语是动作的承担者；在历年的中考题中,都有一定数量的考查被动语态的题目；因此 第一曲 :把握被动语态的结构,有必要对被动语态进行系统复习；被动语态由 助动词 +及物动词的过去分词 构成；不同时态的被动语态的差异主要表达在助动词 be 的变化上 ,同时助动词 be 仍要在人称和数上与主语保持一样；现将中学阶段常见的几种时态的被动语态总结如下 : 1.一般现在时的被动语态 :am/is/are+done指及物动词的过去分词 ,下同 如: English is used al
2、l over the world. 2.一般过去时的被动语态 3.现在进行时的被动语态 now. 4.现在完成时的被动语态:was/were+done 如: The picture was painted two years ago. :am/is/are+being+done 如: The flowers are being watered by them :havehas+been+done 如:The room has been cleaned. 5.一般将来时的被动语态:will/be going to+be+done 如 :The work will be finished tomo
3、rrow. 6.含有情态动词的被动语态 today. :情态动词 +be+done 如:Your homework must be handed in 7.过去进行时的被动语态：was / were +being+done 其它几种特殊句型：It is said that . It is well known that . It is reported that .have sth done 其次曲 :把握主动语态变被动语态的方法把主动语态变为被动语态时,应走好以下三步:1主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语; 2主动语态的谓语动词由主动语态形式变为被动语态形式 by 的宾语 ,组成介词短语 ,放
4、在被动结构的谓语动词之后；动作的承担者时,by 短语可以省略；请看示范: ; 3主动结构的主语变为介词 在无须说明动作的执行者或只强调主动语态 :My brother repaired that bike yesterday. 主语 谓语动词 宾语其余部分被动语态 :That bike was repaired by my brother yesterday. 主语 谓语动词 by+宾语其余部分对于主动语态变为被动语态方法的考查 面介绍的方法去做 ,一般是能够做对的；,主要在句型转换题目中显现；只要能够依据上第三曲 :留意主动语态变为被动语态的几种特殊句型 1.含有短语动词的被动语态一般来说
5、,只有及物动词才有被动语态；另外,很多不及物动词加上介词或副词构成的短语动词 ,相当于及物动词 ,后面也可加宾语； 在变被动语态时 ,留意不行丢掉后面的介词或副词 ,常见的这类短语动词有 :take care of, look after, take off, look at, send for, look up 等；如 : The old people should be taken good care of. 2.含有双宾语的动词的被动语态名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载,另一个含有双宾语的主动
6、句改为被动句时,应将其中一个宾语改为被动结构的主语宾语仍保留在原处；一种情形是把间接宾语指人 变为主语 ,直接宾语 指物 不变；另一种情况是把直接宾语指物 变为主语 ,间接宾语 指人 不变 ,这时 ,间接宾语前通常加介词to,有时加for ；如 : My father gave me a new book on my birthday. I was given a new book by my father on my birthday. 间接宾语作了主语 A new book was given to me by my father on my birthday. 直接宾语作了主语 3.带有
7、复合宾语的动词的被动语态带有复合宾语 宾语和宾语补足语 的主动语态变为被动语态时 ,只把宾语变为被动语态的主语 ,原先的宾语补足语不动；同时 ,假如宾语补足语是省略 to 的动词不定式 ,变为被动语态时 ,必需加上不定式符号 to,这类动词有 make, let, see, hear, watch 等；如 : We find English very useful. English is found very useful. 宾语 宾补I often hear him sing in his room. He is often heard to sing in his room. 宾语 宾补4
8、.有的动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义 feel 等；如 : ,这类动词有 : wash, sell, smell, taste, sound, The books sell well. The food tastes good. 以上四种情形在中考题目中常常显现 ,同学们在遇到类似题目时 ,应第一分析属于哪种情况,然后再依据把握的学问来做题；5. 关于“get+过去分词”在英语口语中,有时可用“get+过去分词” 构成被动语态；如：I got dressed as quickly as l could. 我尽快穿上衣服；I wasn t surprised she get elected af
9、ter all the efforts she made. 她尽了一切力气之后,当选了,这不使我感到古怪；We got delayed because of the holiday traffic. 由于节日交通堵塞,所以我们被耽搁了；I tried to find my way round London without a map and got lost. 结果迷路了；类似搭配有：我试图不带地图在伦敦寻路,get arrested, get caught, get confused, get delayed, get divorced, get dressed, get drowned,
10、get dru nk, get elected,get engaged, get hit, get killed, get lost, get married, get stuck 等；四特殊情形的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词 + sb间宾 +sth直宾 口诀：如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,如把直宾变,to /for 间宾连；1.give/pass /show 与介词 to 搭配；give sb sth sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb . 2.buy/make/cook 与介词 for 搭配；buy sb sth sb +be bought
11、+ sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb He gave me a book I _ _ a book by him. A book _ _ _ me by him . My mother made me a cake . 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载I _ _ a cake by my mother A cake _ _ _ me by my mother . 2.带省 to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词 + sb + do sth . 口诀：感使动词真叫怪,to 来
12、to 去记心怀,主动语态 to 离去被动语态 to 回来；动词： make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch make sb do sth -sb + be +made +to do sth The boss made the workers work all day The workers _ _ _ work all day by the boss. 3. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时 doing 不变；I heard Tom singing just now Tom _ _ _ by
13、 me just now . 4.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时,不行丢掉后面的介词或副词；We should take care of the old . The old should _ _ _ _ . 五留意事项：1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：last （连续） ,have ,own .belong to ,suit fine ,cost,suffer,hold（容纳）,fit 2.不及物动词是没有被动语态：happen ,take place ,appear , hold 容纳 3.系动词是没有被动语态：The dish tastes good . Look, f
14、eel ,sound ,smell ,taste . 4.有些及物动词做不及物动词用,特殊是后面加副词 well ,easily 等等,主动语态含有被动 含义有些词组没有被动语态：sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well ,wear,wash,cook,open,close,lock ,read,record This kind of skirt sells well. 5.need 表示需要时, 后面常接 doing 形式表示被动意义, 相当于 to be done .类似词有 require,deserve,bear All the com
15、puters need repairing .= All the computers need _ _ _ . 6.在 too to 及 enough to 结构中有时表示被动意义；The problem is too difficult to solve. 被动语态专项练习 一、挑选题（ 215=30 分） 1._ a new library _ in our school last year. A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build 2. An accident _ on this road last week. A
16、. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened 3.Cotton （棉花）_ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow 4.So far, the moon _ by man already. A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited 5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall
17、 next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives 6.How many trees _ this year. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted 7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B.
18、are being done C. has been done D. will be done 8.-When _ this kind of computers_. -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 9.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 10.Who _ this book _. B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written A
19、. did; written 11.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us 12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump 13.The school bag _ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put 14.Older people _ well. A. l
20、ooks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after 15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空；（ 120=20 分） 请留意时态和语态两个方面噢 1.Its said据说 that the long bridge_ （build ）in two months 2.Where to have the meetin
21、g _ （ discuss）now3.Which language _the most widely_ （speak）in the world ？4.The lost boy_ （not find ）so far5.Last year a large number of trees_ （cut）down6. The students _ often _tell to take care of their desks and chairs. 7. The old man is ill. He _ must send to the hospital. 8. Vegetables, eggs and
22、 fruits_ sell in this shop. 9. What _ knives _ make of . They_make of metal 金属 and wood. 10. Can the magazine _ take out of the library. 11. The room _ clean by me every day. 12. The stars cant _ see in the daytime.13. Some flowers _ water by Li Ming already. 14. This kind of shoes _ sell well. 15.
23、How long _ your uncle _be in the city. 16. The food _ smell delicious. 17. Look. Someone _dance. 一、挑选题（ 215=30 分）1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空；（ 120=20 分） 请留意时态和语态两个方面噢 1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. were
24、 cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been 16. smells 17 is dancing 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载三、按要求改写以下句子,一空一词；（130=30 分）1.Is tea grown in South China ？（改
25、为主动语态）_ people _ tea in South China ？2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year （同义句转换）A birthday present _ _ _ _by my parents every year 3.The work is going to be finished in two days. 对划线提问 How_ _ the work going to be finished . 4. The children will sing an English song. 改为被动语态 An En
26、glish song _ _ _ by the children. 5. You neednt do it now. 改为被动语态 It _ _ _ by you now. 6. People use metal for making machines. 改为被动语态 Metal _ _ _making machines. 7. He made me do that for him. 改为被动语态 I _ _ _ _ that for him. 8.They are watching the football match. The football match _ _ _ by them. 9
27、.Did they build a bridge here a year ago. 改为被动语态 _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago. 10.They have sold out the light green dresses. 改为被动语态 The light green dresses _ _ _ out. 改为被动语态 11.We call the game “Lianliankan The game _ _ “Lianliankan” by us.四、依据所给汉语完成句子,一空一词； 1 10=10 分 The new bike _ _ _ _ （
28、买给我） by my parents as a present last week_ your mobile phone _ _ _ （是国产的吗）？The whole mountain is _ _ 掩盖 the snow. 五、以下各句均有一处错误,请找出并改正过来；（10 分）I have a lot of homework to be done tonight _ Is your history teacher listened carefully in class ？ _ Lei Fengs name remembered by all Chinese people _ The mu
29、sic is sounded beautiful. _ By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed . _ Answers 一、挑选题（ 215=30 分）1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空；（ 120=20 分） 请留意时态和语态两个方面噢 1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasn. were cut 6.are told 7. must
30、 be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been 16. smells 17 is dancing 三、按要求改写以下句子,一空一词；（130=30 分）t be done 6. is used for 7. was made 1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. neednto do 8. is being watc
31、hed 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载四、依据所给汉语完成句子,一空一词； 1 10=10 分 was bought for me Is made in China covered with 名师归纳总结 五、以下各句均有一处错误,请找出并改正过来；（10 分）was remembered 第 6 页,共 6 页be done 改为 do listened 改为listened to remembered 改为 is sounded 改为 sounds By who 改为By whom - - - - - - -