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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Unit Four Punctuality and Culture Unit Goals: What You Should Learn to Do 1. Make / keep / postpone an appointment according to a work timetable 2. Make reservations according to the timetables of flights and trains 3. Understand and make up schedules for different
2、purposes 4. Write: a timetable a schedule What You Should Know About 1. Punctuality in social activities 2. Planning a work day / week 3. Use of verb tenses Section Talking Face to Face Imitating Mini-Talks Acting out the Tasks Studying Timetables and Schedules Following Sample Dialogues Putting Lan
3、guage to Use Imitating Mini-Talks 1 Work in pairs. Practice the following mini-talks about schedules and timetables. 1 Asking for an Appointment with the Manager A: Id like to make an appointment with your manager. Do you think I could see him sometime this morning. B: Sorry, hes fully booked this m
4、orning. A: How about tomorrow morning then. B: Yes, I think tomorrow morning would be fine. 2 Asking to Meet Mr. Peterson A: Mr. Peterson, I wonder if it would be convenient to meet you today. B: Let me see. Im free this afternoon. Is that all right for you. A: Well, Ive got a meeting from 2 to 4. A
5、re you free tomorrow morning. B: No problem. Lets make it at 10 then. 3 Asking to Change the Appointment with Dr. Johnson A: Id like to change the appointment with Dr. Johnson from Tuesday to Thursday. B: Im afraid he wont be available on Thursday morning. A: What time would be convenient for him. W
6、ill 2 p.m. do. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载B: Yes, thatll be fine. 4 Asking About the Working Hours of a Ticket Office A: What are the office hours. B: Well, the office hours are from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. A: Do you work on weekends. B: On Saturday the office is open
7、from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., but on Sunday we are closed. 5 Asking About the Flights for Macao A: Do you have flights to Macao. B: We have only one flight to Macao each week, at 1:40 p.m. Wednesday. A: When does it arrive in Macao. B: At 3:40 p.m. 2 Work in pairs and act out the tasks by following the abo
8、ve mini-talks. 1 Task: Look at the flight timetable in Exercise 3. Ask about the departure and arrival time 2 Task: Look at the flight timetable in Exercise 3. Ask about the Tuesday flight for Hong Kong 3 Task: Look at Marks schedule in Exercise 3. Call to ask Mark for a change of an appointment. 4
9、Task: Look at Marks schedule in Exercise 3. Ask to make an appointment to see Mark on Wednesday. 5 Task: Look at Marks schedule in Exercise 3. An old friend in Hong Kong asks to see Mark on Thursday. Studying Timetables and Schedules名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Re
10、ad the following sample dialogues and try to perform your own tasks. Putting Language to Use Speak and Complete Mark: Miss Wang, I want to 1 _ an evening train to Harbin so that I can get there the next morning. Do you know the schedule. Miss Wang: Yes. I have got a 2 _ here. Mark: Is there a train
11、leaving around 6. Miss Wang: 3 _ one at 6:15. Mark: When will it get there. Miss Wang: 4 _ at about 8 next morning. Mark: Thats the one I need. Thank you very much. Miss Wang: You are 5 _. SECTION II Being All Ears Learning Sentences for Workplace Communication Handling a Dialogue Understanding a Sh
12、ort Speech / Talk Learning Sentences for Workplace Communication 1 Listen to 10 sentences for workplace communication cross-referenced with their Chinese translations. confirm 确认 arrange 支配 due 规定 到达 的 delay 耽搁 2 Listen to the following sentences for workplace communication in Column A and match eac
13、h one with its Chinese version in Column B Key:1-i, 2-j, 3-d, 4-c, 5-f, 6-e, 7-h, 8-g, 9-a, 10-b 3 Listen to 6 sentences for workplace communication and choose their right responses 4 Listen to a dialogue and decode the message by filling in Susans schedule according to what you have heard. 5 Now li
14、sten to a short speech / talk and fill up the blanks according to what you have heard. The words in brackets will give you some hints. 6 Listen to the speech / talk again and complete the information in Column A with the right choices in Column B. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
15、- - 学习必备 欢迎下载SECTION III Trying Your Hand Practicing Applied Writing Writing Sentences and Reviewing Grammar 1 Fill in the office hours making use of the information in the passage that follows. 2 Translate the following schedule into English, using the data bank in the Workbook for reference. Writi
16、ng Sentences and Reviewing Grammar3 Complete the following sentences, using the right verb forms 4 Correct the errors in the following sentences. 5 Translate the following sentences into English 6 Suppose this is your schedule for the coming three days. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on
17、the information given in the schedule. You may start the passage with the sentence: Ive got a very busy schedule. KEYS: Ive got a very busy schedule. Im catching the 9:45 flight on October 8 and arriving in Shanghai at 2:00 in the afternoon. Bob is meeting me at the airport. I will check into Beach
18、Hotel and have a rest there in the evening. On October 9, Im meeting Mrs. Black at 10:15 a.m. and after having lunch at Beach Hotel were visiting the plant at 2:30 p.m. The next day Im attending a conference at 9 a.m. Im leaving Shanghai in the afternoon. Im taking a flight at 3:30 p.m. and arriving
19、 back at 7:45 p.m. Phillip will be there to pick me up at the airport. SECTION IV Maintaining a Sharp Eye Information Related to the Reading Passage Americans and Europeans consider time to be an asset that can be spent and saved; therefore, proper scheduling of time and its appropriate allocation t
20、o various competing tasks is an important part of organizational management. Variations in time use are expected to influence performance and stress, as well as other outcomes. It is a vital strategic element. The 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载large amount of manag
21、ement processes and methods developed to improve performance by managing time use proves the importance placed on time. Here are a few famous quotes and sayings about time and punctuality: 1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences 1. Para. 1 One of the cultural differences that tend to annoy Americans ha
22、s to do with understanding of punctuality. Analysis: Has to do with is a phrase meaning has a specified relationship with. It is the predicate of the sentence . That introduces a restrictive relative clause modifying differences. Translation:有一种常会惹恼美国人的文化差异可能关系到对守时的不同懂得；Example: One of the difficult
23、ies that tend to trouble me has to do with saying no to extra work. 2. Para. 3 Arriving at my office 30 minutes after the appointment, I found a voice message telling me the team was waiting for me in the meeting room. Analysis: Arriving at is a present participle phrase used as an adverbial of time
24、. Telling me = that told me is a present participle phrase modifying message. The team was waiting for me in the meeting room is the object clause of the verb telling with that omitted. Translation: 我到办公室时比商定的时间晚了30 分钟,发觉有个电话录音,说那个团队在会议室等我；Example: Getting to my office very early, I saw Janes note s
25、aying she would have lunch with me. 3. Para. 3 Being afraid that I had missed the appointment, I hurried in, and found them happily chatting together. Analysis: Being afraid that I had missed the appointment is a present participle clause used as an adverbial of cause. Chatting is a present particip
26、le used as the object complement. Translation:由于可怕我已经错过了这次约会,我赶忙跑进会议室,却发觉他们 正在一起高兴地谈天；Example: Being afraid that I had made my parents angry, I went back home early and found them cooking dinner for me. 4. Para. 4 if you start late you wont be able to finish the business at hand without running beyo
27、nd the scheduled ending time. Analysis: If introduces an adverbial clause of condition. Note that the pattern you wont be able to without running beyond means you will by running beyond . Translation: 假如你开头得晚了,不超出商定的终止时间你就不行能完成手头的业务；Example: If Sally has the money, she wont go shopping without buyin
28、g a lot of expensive clothes. 2 Important Words 1. punctuality n. the quality of adhering to an appointed time 守时 e.g. His habit of punctuality has not changed since he was eight years old. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Punctuality is thought to be a matter of cour
29、se in Europe and America. 2. pay v. be worth it 有回报,值得 e.g. It pays to be honest. It pays to learn a foreign language. 3. annoy 使苦恼；惹恼 v. to disturb or irritate especially by repeated acts e.g. He annoyed his boss by drumming the table with his fingertips. He kept complaining about everything, which
30、 really annoyed us. 4. punctual a. arriving exactly at the time appointed 准时的；守时的 e.g. We cannot guarantee the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather. Not being punctual is his biggest shortcoming. 5. attitude n. a mental state involving feelings, beliefs and values 态度；看法 e.g. An unfriendly att
31、itude of the shop assistant often annoys customers. People with high EQs often have positive attitudes towards life. 6. behavior n. manner of acting 行为；举止 e.g. All of us change our behavior to fit different situations. I noticed a change in his behavior . 3.Read and Think 1 What is one of the cultur
32、al differences that might annoy Americans. 2 What is the American attitude to time in general. 3 What is the Indian view of punctuality and attitude to it. 4 How does American society operate according to the passage. 5 What would have happened if the team had been an American team. 6 How do you und
33、erstand the title of the passage Punctuality Pays. 2 Complete each of the following statements with words or phrases from the passage 3 Fill in the blanks with the proper words or expressions given below, changing the form if necessary. 4 Read and Translate PASSAGE II Information Related to the Read
34、ing Passage People around the world treat time differently. In Canada and the United States, meetings are well organized and people get down to business quickly. People dont spend much time developing a relationship with clients. In contrast, Latin Americans have a more relaxed sense of time, often
35、arriving to a meeting or an event one-half to one hour after the scheduled time. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载In Europe, people like to be punctual. Visitors are advised to be on time, or nearly on time, when invited to a party or a home dinner. Business relations
36、 are similar to those in North America. Appointments may be made weeks in advance. In the Middle East, business people may come one hour late to an appointment. Much time is spent in socializing and general conversations. In China, Japan, Singapore or Indonesia, visitors are advised to be on time or
37、 even early for a meeting. However, In Malaysia, Thailand, Korea, or the Philippines, you can expect people to be late, especially for social events. 1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences 1. Para. 2 Those traveling or doing business abroad should always find out the answer to this question. Analysis:
38、 Traveling or doing business abroad = who travel or do business abroad is a present participle clause used as the post-modifier of those. Translation: 到国外旅行或做生意的人都应当找出这个问题的答案；Example: Those doing research or working on a project should have a serious attitude towards their work. 2. Para. 3 It is als
39、o supposed etiquette to arrive a little late for a party, which I have never ever understood. Analysis: Supposed is a past participle, used as an adjective here. Which introduces a nonrestrictive relative clause and which itself refers to the whole main clause. Translation: 参与派对时晚到一会也是公认的礼节,这一点我永久也弄
40、不明白；Example: It is supposed good speaking manners to have eye contact, which I have always kept in mind. 3. Para. 8 when a bridge or major highway shuts down, there may not be any way to get where you are going. Analysis: The infinitive phrase to get where you are going is the post-modifier of the n
41、oun way. Translation: 当某座桥或某条重要高速大路关闭时,你就可能没方法到达要去的地方；Example: When Im at a loss for words, I dont know the right way to handle the embarrassing situation. 4. Para. 8 So I would have to say that I am always early, except when I cant get there at all, in which case I will call as soon as I know I am
42、going to be late.Analysis: In the object that -clause, except introduces a when-clause, an adverbial clause of time, indicating an exceptional situation. In which case introduces a non-restrictive relative clause, which refers to the exceptional when-clause. Translation: 所以我得说我总是提前到,除非我根本就到不了；遇到这样的情
43、形,一旦知道我会迟到,我就立刻拨打电话告知对方；Example: I always hurry to work, except when I am not given any tasks, in which case I will just take my time.2 Important Words 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1.standard 学习必备欢迎下载n. a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things c
44、an be evaluated 标准e.g. Im afraid that this shipment was not up to your own standard. The people of the U.S. have a high standard of living. 2. etiquette n. the formal rules for polite behaviors 礼节 e.g. According to etiquette , you should stand up to meet a guest. He is a diplomat and he knows about
45、diplomatic etiquette . 3. suppose v. to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds or intended to happen 料想 ; 以为； 用于被动语态 认为应当 e.g. I havent supposed that I can get the first prize. What am I supposed to do with the documents. 4. absolutely ad. completely and in every way 完全,肯定地 e.g. ；used
46、to say what was or is expected It is absolutely necessary to type the patients blood before a blood transfusion. Dont pull the switch, unless absolutely necessary. 5. insult n./v. a remark or action that is offensive or deliberately rude; to offend someone by saying or doing something they think is rude 羞辱 , 冒犯 e.g. insult. She had to compose herself before she could reply to this terrible Im sorry for what I said; I never meant to insult you. 6. case n. an example of a particular situation, problem, etc. 实例；事例；情形；场合