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1、近几年的高考考试说明中,关于高考英语书面表达评分标准第五档(很好 )中有这样一段话:应用了较多的语法结构和词汇;语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误 ,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。这就是说 ,学生仅运用基础的词汇和基本的句型,不能体现出较强的语言运用能力,即使表达无语法错误,也不能得高分 ;相反有些错误 ,目的在有意识地使用复杂结构或较高级词汇,也不扣分 ,仍属于最高档次。 高考把写作要求提到了这样一个高度,有利于反映学生的水平层次,有利于指导教学。 原来 要点完整 ,语言无误 ,行文连贯 ,表达清楚的标准就落后了。在平时的教学中,训练最多的 ,学生们也最习惯的是五种基本句型 :主语 +谓
2、语 ;主语 +谓语 +宾语 ;主语 +谓语 +间接宾语 ;主语 +谓语 +间接宾语 +直接宾语 ;主语 +谓语 +宾语 +补足语。用这些句型组织的句子单一、无生气 ,不能给人一种含金量高的审美享受。客观形势对我们提出了高难度的要求 ,我们怎样才能对书面表达进行科学的操作怎样才能控制写作呢下面拟就这一课题进行探讨,希望能给同学们以启迪,调动积极性 ,开拓思维 ,培养创新精神。奇速英语近几年高考书面表以应用文，记叙文为主，有时出现说明文或议论文 .应试策略 :主题鲜明 ,文理通顺 ,语法正确 ,符合逻辑和英语的习惯表达,在能力允许的情况下 ,尽量使用复杂结构和高级词汇(一)使用高级词汇 ,增加文章
3、的亮点1.合理使用动词 ,使之符合不同的语言风格精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页试比较 :Ladies and gentlemen,Welcome to our school! Now Id like to introduce our school to you.Ladies and gentlemen,Welcome to our school! Now Id like to tell you something about our school.合理使用动词使表达更生动试比较：At the foot of t
4、he mountain, there was a small river.At the foot of the mountain, there flowed a small river.3.变换动词使表达更地道试比较：My parents and I are very pleased to invite you to stay at our home.My parents and I are very pleased to have you with us.合理使用动词能增强表达的逻辑性试比较We may be one family and live under the same roof,
5、but we dont get much time to talk together.We may be one family and live under the same roof, but we dont seem to get much time to talk together.5.巧妙使用动词短语增加表达的新颖性精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页I used to like reading and writing poems at middle school.I used to take delight
6、 in reading and writing poems at middle school.6.使用助动词增强文章的感染色彩I went there but I didnt see you.I did go there but I didnt see you.适当使用替代词，同位语，介词短语，形容词短语，非谓语动词等，使语言更精练试比较：1.So the missing money still must be in the other jacket, the jacket that you were wearing yesterday.So the missing money still m
7、ust be in the other jacket, the one that you were wearing yesterday.（年北京高考）2.Do you think youd like it If you dont like it, I can try and find another place for you.Do you think youd like it If not, I can try and find another place for you. (2003NMET3.Ive found a place for you. Its a small flat of 2
8、5 square meters, which has a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen.Ive found a place for you. Its a small flat of 25 square meters, with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. (2003NMET)4.Well mostly stay at home in the evening and watch TV, play games, and meet people.Well mostly stay at home in the even
9、ing , watching TV, playing gam精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页es, and meeting people.（二）变换句式，使表达丰富多彩用并列连词把意义相关的几个句子连起来，避免句子冗长累赘，松散无力，使句子凝炼，层次清晰1.I was walking along Park Road towards the east. At that time, an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street.
10、I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly mancame out of the park on the other side of the street. (2000NMET)2.The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, and it/which is not far from Jianxin
11、 Chinese School.2.试着改变句子的开头，不要一味地都是主语开头，接着是谓语，宾语，最后加一个状语要灵活应用倒装句，强调句，主从复合句，分词状语等，这样能增加文章的节奏和韵律美(1)We met at the school gate and went there together early in the morning.Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together.(2)Our brave Ah Fu had saved my little sister.It was our bra
12、ve Ah Fu who had saved my little sister.在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句型,要灵活运用各种语法结构,使文章有声有色一、改变时态例:The bell is ringing now.(一般 ) There goes the bell! (高级)精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页二、改变语态例:People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般 )It is suggested that the conference be put o
13、ff. (高级 )三、使用不定式例:He is so kind that he can help me.(一般 ) He is so kind as to help me.(高级)四、使用过去分词例:She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般 )Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高级 )Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般 )Once seen, it can never be forgo
14、tten.(高级 )五、使用 V-ing 形式例:When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.( 一般)On arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.( 高级 )If the weather permits, Ill come tomorrow.( 一般 )Ill come tomorrow, weather permitting.( 高级)六、使用名词性从句奇速英语精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页例:It disapp
15、ointed everybody that he didnt turn up.(一般 )The fact that he didnt turn up disappointed everybody.(高级 )I happened to have met him.(一般 )It happened that I had met him.(高级 )To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般 )What surprises him is that the little girl knows so manythings.(高级)七、使
16、用定语从句例:The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.( 一般)The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级)八、使用状语从句例:I wont believe what he says.(一般 )No matter what he says, I wont believe.(高级 )If you come back before six oclock, you can go out.(一般 )You can go out
17、 on condition that(provided that) you come back beforesix oclock.(高级 )精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页If she doesnt agree, what shall we do(一般 )Supposing that she doesnt agree, what shall we do(高级 )以下四种手段是增加句子复杂性的常见方法，也是得高分的“亮点”。1.改变句子的开头方式，不要一味地都是主语开头，接着是谓语、宾语，最后再加一个状语。可以把状
18、语置于句首，或用分词做状语等。?原文 The young man couldnt help crying when he heard the bad news.?修正 Hearing the bad news，the young man couldnt help crying.?2.在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句式，要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等强调句 ?原文 My parents praised Ah Fu warmly. It had saved my little sister bravely.?修正 My parents praised Ah Fu warmly
19、. It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister bravely.(93)?It is English and computer classes that I like best（NMET96 书面表达参考范文片段）析：该句出色运用了强调句型，表达了我对英语和电脑特别喜欢的愉快之情，使文章上升了一个档次。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页感叹句可以抒发内心强烈的感情色彩，适当运用感叹句可以有效增强文章的情感性、感染性和感召性，从而震撼读者内心，引起读者共
20、鸣。感叹句比较适合用于对人物或单位介绍结束后，情不自禁地对被介绍对象加以赞扬。How time flies ！ （NMET98 书面表达参考范文片段）析：该句巧妙运用了感叹句，表达了对时间飞逝的遗憾之情。由 what 等引导的从句，此处的what 相当于中文的“所” ，有很大的概括力，如 :?原文 We had to stand there to catch the offender.?修正 What we had to do was (to) stand there，trying to catch the offender.?What China has achieved in recent
21、 years is known through the world.?China is no longer what it used to be.?由 with 或 without 引导的短语。如 :?He sat in a chair with a newspaper in the hand.分词短语。如:?Satisfied with the result，he decided to go on with a new experiment.?倒装句。如 :?Only in this way can we achieve our goal.?Never before have I seen
22、such a wonderful film.省略句如:?If so，victory will be ours.You can make some changes wherever necessary.对比，这是中文中也常用的方法如:精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 10 页When I play，I feel excited，and after it I feel relaxed.?。such as列举句型是使用场合最广的句型，该句型结构精巧，对称协调，是一个难得的好句型，而且只要有强烈的使用意识，同学们在绝大多数高考中都
23、可让其一展风采。不过 such as句型的技术含量高，一定要稔熟其用法。such as列举句型往往用来强调人或物的个数多，需要不完全列举所有事例。该句型使用时前边先用一个总述句说明人或物的个数多，后边列举二至五个不等的并列成分，这些并列成分应短小精炼，对称协调，通常为一个词或一个短语，而不能为一个句子。I studied quite a few subjects such as Chinese，maths，English，physics，chemistry and computer （NMET96 书面表达参考范文片段）析：该句用such as列举句型说明了我的学习科目很多，而且结构巧妙，对称
24、和谐。I can follow my own interests such as reading books，visiting museumsand taking computer lessons （NMET2001 书面表达参考范文片段）析：该句巧妙运用了such as列举句型，结构精巧工整，意义明确协调，堪称上乘佳句。with 名词复合宾语句型的恰当使用也可以增加被描绘内容的生动性和趣味性， 从而增强文章的感染性，该句型适合对细节性动作进行描绘。My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind （NMET97 精选学习资料 -
25、 - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页书面表达参考范文片段）析：该句巧用了“with 名词复合宾语”句型作伴随状语，形象地描绘了我兄弟载我骑车时的“潇洒”姿态，暗示着他这次违章载人难逃警察的干预。10. Such be 总结句型适合使用于人物单位介绍式书面表达的末尾对人物或单位进行总结，只要做有心人，在高考中使用该句型的可能性也是很大的。Such be 后边需接名词， 名词后边需接同位语，同位语和被修饰名词之间常用逗号隔开。Such is Sun Shuwei，a hardworking and successful diving star （MET91 书面表达参考范文片段）Such is our present life ，a happy and colorful one （NMET2001 书面表达参考范文片段）析：该句巧用了Such be 总结句型，表达了减负后学校生活的重大变化，使读者对减负给学校生活带来的变化有了一个更全面、更准确的了解。更多英语资讯精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 10 页