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1、Section Grammarneed的基本用法课前自主预习例句体验1Ive ordered some pizza, so we neednt worry about cooking when we get home tired.我已经预订了一些披萨饼，所以当我们到家感到累的时候就不必担心做饭的事了。2I couldnt have enjoyed myself moreit was a perfect day.我从没有玩得这么开心过真是完美的一天。3We neednt have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for din
2、ner.既然苏西不和我们一起吃晚饭，我们本没必要买这么多的食物。4There is no class on Sunday. You neednt have woken me up so early.星期天不上课，你本不必这么早叫醒我的。5It was an informal party so I didnt need to wear a suit.这不是个正式晚会，所以我没有必要穿正装。6I bought some fruits home but my wife had bought a lot of them, so I neednt have bought any.我买了一些水果，但我的妻
3、子已经买了很多，因此我本不必买的。7Need you have paid so much?你用得着花那么多钱吗？8I didnt need to take the bus because I drove the car.我没必要乘公交车因为我开车了。课堂合作探究语法讲座1用作实义动词，后可接名词、代词、不定式和动名词，有时态、人称和数的变化。Mark needs to learn Chinese since his company is opening a branch in Beijing.马克需要学习汉语，因为他的公司要在北京开一个分公司。The doctor said he needed
4、 an operation.医生说他需要手术。名师点津当主语是表示“物”的名词时，用作实义动词的need后接动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。need doingneed to be done。A dog needs taking out/to be taken out for a walk every day.狗得每天带出去遛。2用作情态动词，后接动词原形，常用于否定句和疑问句中。You neednt finish that work today.你今天不必把那项工作做完。Need he come here?他有必要来吗？归纳拓展在回答带有need的问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用need
5、nt 或dont have to。Need I finish the work before ten？我需要在10点前完成工作吗？Yes, you must.是的，你必须。No, you neednt/dont have to.不，你不必。3.didnt need to do和neednt have done didnt need to do表示过去没必要做某事，实际上也没做。neednt have done表示过去没必要做某事，而实际上做了。 Marys boyfriend drove to pick her up, so she didnt need to take a taxi.玛丽的男
6、朋友开车去接她，因此她没必要打出租了。 It was Sunday, so I didnt need to get up early. 因为是星期天，所以我没必要早起。 You neednt have told him the news. He had already known it. 你没必要告诉他那个消息，他早已知道了。 I neednt have cooked so much food, but I didnt know nobody was hungry.我本没必要弄那么多吃的，但我当时不知道谁也不饿。归纳拓展情态动词have done的几种形式及其意义： It must have
7、rained last night, for the ground is still wet.昨晚肯定下雨了，地面还是湿的。(对过去的肯定推测)I cant find my purse now. I might have left it in the taxi.我的钱包找不到了，我可能把它忘在出租车里了。(对过去的推测，也许/或许做了)You couldnt have known about him ten years ago, when he was still unknown.十年前你不可能了解他，那时他还不出名。(对过去的推测，不可能做过)You could have used my c
8、ar yesterday. I didnt use it.你昨天本可以用我的汽车。我用不着它。(过去本来能做某事，但没有做到)Oh, Mom! You neednt have prepared so much food. Dad and Diana will not come back for supper.哦，妈妈！你本不必做这么多饭。爸爸和戴安娜不回家吃晚饭了。(过去不必做但做了某事)课堂总结演练用didnt need to或neednt have done改写句子1.Thank you for helping mebut it wasnt necessary.You_.答案：neednt
9、 have helped me2I was worried that no one would come to my birthday party but nearly 100 colleagues came.I_.答案：neednt have worried that no one would come to my birthday party3I didnt buy flowers for the host family because my brother had already bought some.I_.答案：didnt need to buy flowers for the ho
10、st family4My friend stayed in a hotel for the week, but he could have stayed in my flat.My friend_.答案：neednt have stayed in a hotel for the week单句写作1John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she _ (本来没必要步行) back home.答案：neednt have walked2I _ (不必早起床) this morning, so I stayed in bed unt
11、il 9 am.答案：didnt need to get up early3You _ (本不需要去) there yesterday.答案：neednt have gone4Your clothes _ (需要洗了)答案：need washing/to be washed5You _ (不必费神去问) RickI know hes too busy.答案：neednt bother asking演练通关提升夯实基础知识单句语法填空1He did not regret saying that but felt that he _ (express) it differently.答案：coul
12、d have expressed2She _ have left school, for her bike is still here.答案：couldnt3I got to the party at 6 pm, but there was no one there, so I _ (arrive) so early.答案：neednt have arrived4It was fine yesterday, so I didnt need _ (take) the trouble to carry my raincoat with me.答案：to take5Jenny _ (hear) ab
13、out the accident; otherwise, she wouldnt be in such low spirits.答案：must have heard6When the foreign guest arrived, I found him speaking good Chinese. I _ (translate) his speech into Chinese the night before.答案：neednt have translated7Can you imagine Mike finishing the tough job only in 2 hours?He _ (
14、do) it all by himself. I dare say even three people cant do it in one day.答案：couldnt have done8As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ (dress) up so formally.答案：neednt have dressed9Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Shanghai this morning.Really? She _ (take) the 9：00 train. Its much more comfortabl
15、e and safer to travel by train.答案：could have taken10I didnt need _ (go) to the bank just nowMary lent me the money.答案：to go单句改错1Must I finish all the work before noon?No, you mustnt. _答案：mustnt neednt2I told my teacher what had happened and then he told me he had known it.I neednt had told him anyth
16、ing. _答案：第三个hadhave3My classmate spoke English well so I didnt need translate the conversation for her._答案：translate前加to4Need he to do this homework first?_答案：去掉to5I need to cut the grass myself, for I knew my brother had done it._答案：need前加didnt单句写作1我们有许多面包，因此我不需要再买一条了。We had plenty of bread, so I _
17、 another loaf.答案：didnt need to buy2你昨晚不必工作到这么晚，因为我们今天早晨仍然有时间。You _ as we still have time this morning.答案：neednt have worked so late last night3你不必担心他，因为他前天已经回来了。You _， for he had got back the day before.答案：neednt have been worried about him4Jane正在隔壁房间哭呢，你刚才不应该对她如此严厉。Jane is crying in the next room.
18、You _.答案：shouldnt have been so hard on her just now5昨晚我很想跟你一起去参加晚会，但是来了一位不速之客。I _ last night but I had an unexpected guest.答案：would like to have gone to the party with you提升实战能力阅读理解One of the biggest problems when we are talking is the awkward silence. Encountering this situation is so uncomfortable
19、 that you would avoid meeting new people in the first place, but there is a way to get around it. In the past, I struggled with this and I even thought it had to do with my DNA or something . but I proved myself wrong when I learned how to solve it. Not knowing how to keep a conversation going can r
20、eally harm your social life, but if you know how to keep those words flowing, you can meet and talk to anyone you like, which helps create great possibilities for friendship, fun and shared activities that you would otherwise have missed out on.After studying this in depth, I had different opinions
21、and found that one of these common behaviors is the habit of filtering (过滤)holding back from saying something until youve “checked” to make sure that what youre about to say is cool, impressive and interesting. Another problem is not learning to get in the mood for conversation. If you dont know how
22、 to change from subjects, then it can take a lot of time to warm up.It is the reflex (习惯性思维) that allows you to say whatever goes on in your mind. Its fun to realize that youre allowed to say whatever is in your mind. As long as you dont say anything that could land you in jail (监狱)All of the “Oh! T
23、hats interesting .” “Hmm, Ive never heard of that” “Hmm, cool！” expressions are reactionary (保守的) bits of conversation that prove to the other person that youre really listening. This works 99% of the time. So, if you show some interest, theyll hang around and want to talk to you even more.Everyone
24、knows that stories juiceup_conversations,_but most people only talk about stories of their own lives. When someone mentions something related to any of them, just tell the story, even if its not from your life. The more interesting, stranger or more frightening they are, the harder they are to forge
25、t.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章阐释了避免谈话时陷入尴尬的沉默的办法：我们要表达内心所想、谈论听者感兴趣的话题和生动有趣的故事等。1If people can deal with the awkward silence, they can _.Atrain their working skillBimprove their life qualityCenrich their social lifeDestablish their working relationship答案：C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“but if you know how to keep those words flo
26、wing, you can meet and talk to anyone you like, which helps create great possibilities for friendship, fun and shared activities”可知，如果在谈话时能打破尴尬的沉默，知道说什么，怎么说，就能为帮助促进友谊、增加乐趣和一起活动创造巨大的可能性，可推知这样就能丰富社交生活，故选C。2When talking with others, we should _.Afeel nervous Bthink twiceCbe free to expressDavoid breaki
27、ng in答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可知，习惯性思维让我们表达我们内心所想，意识到你可以说出你心里想说的话，这是很有趣的。所以可推知在和别人交流时我们应该自由表达，故选C。3According to the passage, what do the speakers care much about?AThe attractive topics of conversation.BThe atmosphere of the conversation.CThe listeners experiences and tastes.DThe listeners curiosity and con
28、cern.答案：D推理判断题。根据第四段可知，听者的赞美之词与他们表现出兴趣和好奇心，是说话者最关心的，故选D。4What does the underlined part “juiceup conversations” mean?AMaking conversations more boring.BMaking conversations livelier.CMaking conversations smoother.DMaking conversations more relaxing.答案：B词义猜测题。根据最后一句“The more interesting, stranger or m
29、ore frightening they are, the harder they are to forget.”可知故事越有趣、越奇异或越惊悚，听者就越难忘记，这说明了故事内容在谈话中的重要性。画线词语所在的句子指每个人都知道故事会让对话变得生动有趣，可猜测“juiceup conversations”指让对话变得生动有趣，故选B。七选五Teenagers are especially likely to suffer loneliness. Here are some suggestions for speeding a recovery from loneliness.Reach out
30、 to others, but start small. A smile and a friendly greeting for the student behind you in line at the cafeteria wont make you best friends. _1_ It also can make it easier to interact the next time.Find a safe place to make connections. If going to the school dance makes you feel like you just dont
31、belong, try joining a specialinterest group. Maybe its the drama club or the marching band. _2_Find other ways of making connections. Lonely people hunger for acceptance and friendship. Sometimes feeling accepted and liked comes more easily when you do something for others. _3_ Teach a child reading
32、. Take notes for a disabled classmate. You might be surprised at the connections you make after reaching out to others in these ways._4_ Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships, not of a particular quantity of friends. Thats why its important to know how to select a friend. The best friendsh
33、ips are those based on similar values and attitudes.You get what you expect, so expect the best. If you expect others to be friendly, you will behave in similar ways._5_ It goes away as teens learn how to find their way through their social world and connect with others.ABut it will make you both fe
34、el pretty good.BSo consider becoming a volunteer.CSome teens arent so adaptable, however.DEncourage people to be friendlier to you.EChoose the right people.FFor most young people, loneliness is only temporary.GLook for a group that allows you to ease gradually.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了应对孤独的一些建议。1A根据语境可知，空
35、前一句和空后的“It also can make it easier to interact the next time.”存在逻辑上的转折关系，所以A项“但是它将使你们都感到很好”符合语境。2G根据上文“Find a safe place to make connections. If going to the school dance makes you feel like you just dont belong, try joining a specialinterest group.”可推知，作者建议找一个让自己觉得舒服的团体，所以选G项。3B根据上文“Sometimes feeli
36、ng accepted and liked comes more easily when you do something for others.”可知，帮助他人会让孤独者更易被接纳和喜欢。故B项“因此考虑做一名志愿者”衔接下文“Teach a child reading. Take notes for a disabled classmate.”。4E根据下文“Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships, not of a particular quantity of friends. Thats why its important to
37、know how to select a friend.”可推知，选对朋友对孤独者尤其重要，他们缺的不是特定数量的朋友，而是高质量的友谊，所以选E项。5F由空后的“It goes away as teens learn how to find their way through their social world and connect with others.”可推知，青少年的孤独是暂时的，随着他们学会如何通过社会阅历找到自己的道路和与他人建立关系，孤独就会不复存在，所以选F项。语法填空In much of Asia, especially the socalled “rice bowl”
38、 cultures of China, Japan, Korea, _1_ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might _2_ (make) of gold and
39、silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _3_ (create) special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, _4_ (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time, _5_ the population grew, peop
40、le began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _6_ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _7_ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the _8_ (develop) of ch
41、opsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _9_ (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat _10_ their hands.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._答案：1.and2.be made3.to create4.using5.as/when6.gradually7.who8.development9.were10.with