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1、电气专业本科毕业设计英文翻译学院( 部) ：电气与信息工程学院专业班级：电气 08-6 班学生姓名：胡俊指导教师：胡业林教授年月日名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 1 POWER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ABSTRACT The basic function of the electric power system is to transport the electric p
2、ower towards customers. The l0kV electric distribution net is a key point that connects the power supply with the electricity using on the industry, business and daily-life. For the electric power, allcostumers expect to pay the lowest price for the highest reliability, but dont consider that its se
3、lf-contradictory in the co-existence of economy and reliable.To improve the reliability of the power supply network, we must increase the investment cost of the network construction But, if the cost that improve the reliability of the network construction, but the investment on this kind of construc
4、tion would be worthless if the reducing loss is on the power-off is less than the increasing investment on improving the reliability .Thus we find out a balance point to make the most economic,between the investment and the loss by calculating the investment on power net and the loss brought from po
5、wer-off. KEYWARDS：power supply and distribution, power distribution reliability，reactive compensation, load distribution名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 TEXT The revolution of electric power system has brought a new big ro
6、und construction,which is pushing the greater revolution of electric power technique along with the application of new technique and advanced equipment. Especially, the combination of the information technique and electric power technique, to great ex- tent, has improved reliability on electric qual
7、ity and electric supply. The technical development decreases the cost on electric construction and drives innovation of electric network. On the basis of national and internatio- nal advanced electric knowledge, the dissertation introduces the research hotspot for present electric power sy- etem as
8、following. Firstly, This dissertation introduces the building condition of distribution automation(DA), and brings forward two typical construction modes on DA construction, integrative mode and fission mode .It emphasize the DA structure under the condition of the fission mode and presents the syst
9、em configuration, the main station scheme, the feeder scheme, the optimized communication scheme etc., which is for DA research reference. Secondly, as for the (DA) trouble measurement, position, isolation and resume, This dissertation analyzes the changes of pressure and current for line problem, g
10、ets math equation by educing phase short circuit and problem position under the condition of single-phase and works out equation and several parameter s U& , s I& and e I& table on problem . It brings out optimized isolation and resume plan, realizes auto isolation and network reconstruction, reduce
11、s the power off range and time and improves the reliability of electric power supply through problem self- diagnoses and self-analysis. It also introduces software flow and use for problem judgement and sets a model on network reconstruction and computer flow. Thirdly, electricity system state is es
12、timated to be one of the key techniques in DA realization. The dissertation recommends the resolvent of bad measurement data and structure mistake on the ground of describing state estimate way. It also advances a practical test and judging way on topology mistake in state estimate about bad data te
13、st and abnormity in state estimate as well as the problem and effect on bad data from state measure to state estimate .As for real time monitor and control problem, the dissertation introduces a new way to solve them by electricity break and exceptional analysis, and the way has been tested in Weifa
14、ng DA. Fourthly, about the difficulty for building the model of load forecasting, big parameter scatter limit and something concerned, the dissertation introduces some parameters, eg. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 weath
15、er factor, date type and social environment effect based on analysis of routine load forecasting and means. It presents the way for electricity load forecasting founded on neural network(ANN),which has been tested its validity by example and made to be good practical effect. Fifthly, concerning the
16、lack of concordant wave on preve nting concordant wave and non-power compensation and non-continuity on compensation, there is a topology structure of PWM main circuit and nonpower theory on active filter the waves technique and builds flat proof on the ground of Saber Designer and proves to be prac
17、tical. Meanwhile, it analyzes and designs the way of non-power need of electric network tre- nds and decreasing line loss combined with DA, which have been tested its objective economic benefit throu- gh counting example. Sixthly, not only do the dissertation design a way founded on the magrginal el
18、ectric price fitted to our present national electric power market with regards to future trends of electric power market in China and fair trade under the government surveillance, that is group competitio n in short-term trade under the way of grouped price and quantity harmony, but also puts forwar
19、d combination arithmetic, math model of trading plan and safty economical restriction. It can solve the original contradiction between medium and long term contract price and short term competitive price with improvement on competitive percentage and cut down the unfair income difference of electric
20、 factory, at the same time, it can optimize the electric limit for all electric factories and reduce the total purchase charge of electric power from burthen curve of whole electric market network. The distribution network is an important link among the power system. Its neutral grounding mode and o
21、peration connects security and stability of the power system directly. At the same time, the problem about neutral grounding is associated with national conditions, natural environment, device fabrication and operation. For example, the activity situation of the thunder and lightning, insulating str
22、ucture and the peripheral interference will influence the choice of neutral grounding mode Conversely, neutral grounding mode affects design, operation, debugs and developing. Generally in the system higher in grade in the voltage, the insulating expenses account for more sizable proportion at the t
23、otal price of the equipment. It is very remarkable to bring the economic benefits by reducing the insulating level. Usually such system adopt the neutral directly grounding and adopt the autoreclosing to guarantee power supply reliability. On the contrary, the system which is lower in the voltage ad
24、opts neutral none grounding to raise power supply reliability. So it is an important subject to make use of new- type earth device to apply to 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 the distribution network under considering the
25、 situation in such factors of various fields as power supply reliability, safety factor, over-voltage factor, the choice of relay protection, investment cost, etc. The main work of this paper is to research and choice the neutral grounding mode of the l0kV distribution network. The neutral grounding
26、 mode of the l0kV network mainly adopts none grounding, grounding by arc suppressing coil, grounding by reactance grounding and directly grounding. The best grounding mode is confirmed through the technology comparison. It can help the network run in safety and limit the earth electric arc by using
27、auto-tracking compensate device and using the line protection with the detection of the sensitive small ground current. The paper introduces and analyzes the characteristic of all kind of grounding modes about l0kV network at first. With the comparison with technological and economy, the conclusion
28、is drawn that the improved arc suppressing coil grounding mode shows a very big development potential. Then, this paper researches and introduces some operation characteristics of the arc suppressing coil grounding mode of the l0kV distribution network. And then the paper put emphasis on how to exti
29、nguish the earth electric arc effectively by utilizing the resonance principle. This paper combines the development of domestic and international technology and innovative achievement, and introduces the computer earth protection and autotracking compensate device. It proves that the improved arc su
30、ppressing coil grounding mode have better operation characteristics in power supply reliability, personal security, security of equipment and interference of communication. The application of the arc suppressing coil grounding mode is also researched in this paper. Finally, the paper summarizes this
31、 topic research. As a result of the domination of the arc suppressing coil grounding mode, it should be more popularized and applied in the distribution network in the future.The way of thinking, project and conclusions in this thesis have effect on the research to choose the neutral grounding mode
32、not only in I0kV distribution network but also in other power system. The basic function of the electric power system is to transport the electric power towards customers. The l0kV electric distribution net is a key point that connects the power supply with the electricity using on the industry, bus
33、iness and daily-life. For the electric power, all costumers expect to pay the lowest price for the highest reliability, but dont consider that its self-contradictory in the co-existence of economy and reliable. To improve the reliability of the power supply network, we must increase the investment c
34、ost of the network con- struction But, if the cost that improve the reliability of the network 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 construction, but the investment on this kind of construction would be worthless if the reduci
35、ng loss is on the power-off is less than the increasing investment on improving the reliability .Thus we find out a balance point to make the most economic, between the investment and the loss by calculating the investment on power net and the loss brought from power-off. The thesis analyses on the
36、economic and the reliable of the various line modes, according to the characteristics various line modes existed in the electric distribution net in foshan. First, the thesis introduces as the different line modes in the l0kV electric distribution net and in some foreign countries. Making it clear t
37、ow to conduct analyzing on the line mode of the electric distribution net, and telling us how important and necessary that analyses are. Second, it turns to the necessity of calculating the number of optimization subsection, elaborating how it influences on the economy and reliability. Then by build
38、ing up the calculation mode of the number of optimization subsection it introduces different power supply projects on the different line modes in brief. Third, it carries on the calculation and analyses towards the reliability and economy of the different line modes of electric distribution net, des
39、cribing drafts according by the calculation. Then it makes analysis and discussion on the number of optimization subsection. At last, the article make conclusion on the economy and reliability of different line modes, as well as, its application situation. Accordion to the actual circumstance, the t
40、hesis puts forward the beneficial suggestion on the programming and construction of the l0kV electric distribution net in all areas in foshan. Providing the basic theories and beneficial guideline for the programming design of the lOkV electric distribution net and building up a solid net, reasonabl
41、e layout, qualified safe and efficiently-worked electric distribution net. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 References 1 Wencheng Su. Factories power supply M. Machinery Industry Publishing House. 1999.9 2 Jiecai Liu. Fact
42、ories power supply design guidance M. Machinery Industry Publishing House.1999.12 3 Power supply and distribution system design specificationsS.China plans Press. 1996 4 Low-voltage distribution design specifications S.China plans Press. 1996.6 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
43、- 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 供配电系统摘要电力系统的基本功能是向用户输送电能。lOkV配电网是连接供电电源与工业、 商业及生活用电的枢纽， 其网络庞大及复杂。 对于所有用户都期望以最低的价格买到具有高度可靠性的电能。 然而，经济性与可靠性这两个因素是互相矛盾的。要提高供电网络的可靠性就必须增加网络建设投资成本。但是，如果提高可靠性使用户停电损失的降低小于用于提高可靠性所增加的投资，那么这种建设投资就没有价值了。通过计算电网的投资和用户停电的损失，最终可找到一个平衡点， 使投资和损失的综合经济性最优。关键词：供配
44、电，供电可靠性，无功补偿，负荷分配名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 正文1 引言电力体制的改革引发了新一轮大规模的电力建设热潮从而极大地推动了电力技术革命新技术新设备的开发与应用日新月异特别是信息技术与电力技术的结合在很大程度上提高了电能质量和电力供应的可靠性由于技术的发展又降低了电力建设的成本进而推动了电网设备的更新换代本文就是以此为契机以国内外配电自动化中一些前沿问题为内容以配电自动化建设为背景对当前电力
45、系统的热点技术进行一些较深入的探讨和研究主要完成了如下工作. (1) 提出了配电自动化建设的两个典型模式即体化模式和分立化模式侧重分析了分立模式下的配电自动化系统体系结构给出了软硬件配置主站选择管理模式最佳通讯方式等是本文研究的前提和实现平台. (2) 针对配电自动化中故障测量定位与隔离以及供电恢复这一关键问题分析了线路故障中电压电流等电量的变化导出了相间短路工况下故障定位的数学描述方程并给出了方程的解以及故障情况下几个重要参数s U& s I& e I& 选择表通过对故障的自动诊断与分析得出了优化的隔离和恢复供电方案自动实现故障快速隔离与网络重构减少了用户停电范围和时间有效提高配网供电可靠性
46、文中还给出了故障分段判断以及网络快速重构的软件流程和使用方法. (3) 状态估计是实现配电自动化中关键技术之一本文在阐述状态估计方法基础上给出了不良测量数据的识别和结构性错误的识别方法针对状态估计中数据对基于残差的坏数据检测和异常以及状态量中坏数据对状态估计的影响及存在的问题提出了状态估计中拓扑错误的一种实用化检测和辩识方法针对窃电漏计电费问题独创性提出一种通过电量突变和异常分析防止窃电的新方法并在潍坊城区配电得到验证. (4) 针对配电网负荷预测建模困难参数离散度大以及相关因素多等问题本文在分析常规负荷预测模型及方法基础上引入了气象因素日期类型社会环境影响等参数给出了基于神经网络的电力负荷预
47、测方法实例验证了方法的正确性. (5) 针对无源滤波在抑制谐波和无功补偿方面的不足以及补偿度的不连续性本文提出了一种 PWM 主电路拓朴结构和基于无功功率理论的有源滤波方案建立了基于Saber Designer 仿真平台仿真分析证明了方案的可行性同时结合配电自动化技术对配电网动态无功优化补偿和降低线损的方法进行了设计分析通过实例计算验证了其客观的经济效益 . 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 (6) 针对中国
48、电力市场未来的发展趋势以及政府监管下的电力市场公平交易设计了一种适合我国电力市场现状按照电价分组电量协调分组竞价的短期电力交易模式给出了基于边际电价的机组组合算法制订交易计划的数学模型以及安全经济约束等在竞争比例逐步提高的情况下能够较好地解决原有中长期合同电价和短期竞争电价的矛盾减少电厂不公平的收益差异同时也可在电力市场全网的负荷曲线上对所有电厂进行限量优化减少总的系统购电费用. 2 配电网分析配电网是电力系统中的一个重要环节，配电网接地方式和安全运行直接关系到电力系统的安全和稳定。而接地方式的选择，是与本国国情、自然环境、设备制造和运行水平等有关的，例如，雷电的活动情况、绝缘结构的设计、对周
49、边的干扰等因素，都会影响中性点接地方式的选择; 反过来，中性点接地方式对电力系统的设计、运行、调试以及发展都有很大影响。 一般在电压等级较高的系统中， 绝缘费用在设备总价格中占相当大的比重， 降低绝缘水平带来的经济效益很显著，通常就采用中性点直接接地的方式，而采用自动重合闸来保证供电可靠性: 相反，在电压等级较低的系统中，通常都采用中性点不接地的方式来提高供电可靠性。因此，在综合考虑供电可靠性、安全因素、过电压因素、继电保护的选择、投资费用等各方面因素的情况下，来论证正确选择配电网接地方式的重要性，以及如何不断开发， 利用新型接地装置来应用在配电网接地系统中是当今配电网接地方式的一个重要课题。
50、本文主要工作是对 lOkV配电网接地方式进行研究和比较选择。分别论述各类接地方式的优缺点， 主要有国内外比较常用的中性点不接地方式、中性点经消弧线圈接地方式( 也称谐振接地方式 )、中性点电阻接地方式、 中性点直接接地方式。 通过技术比较确定最优接地方式， 还利用一种近几年研究开发的， 应用在谐振接地方式中的自动跟踪补偿装置， 再配以灵敏的小电流接地选线保护，能够有效限制电网的故障接地电弧，更有利于电网的安全运行。 本文首先对配电网各类接地方式做深入的研究。全面介绍国内外几种常用的中性点接地方式的运行特性，通过技术经济比较对不同的接地方式进行综合评价， 再结合不同的接地方式的发展前景得出结论，