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1、读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主语从句：在句子中充当主语主句谓语动词要用单数第三人称。Whoever comes is welcome. 1that 引导主语从句。that 引导主语从句时，仅起连接作用，不作任何成份，不能省略。有时为了保持句子平衡，把 that 从句后置，由形式主语it 来代替。That she was chosen made us very happy. It made us very happy that she was chosen. it 作形式主语，有几种固定句型：（1）It + be + adj.
2、+ that - clause It is natural / strange / important / necessary that. 很自然奇怪的是重要的是必要的是从句中的谓语动词用（should)+动词原形It is important that he (should) attend the meeting. （2）It + be + n. + that - clause It is a fact that . 事实是It is an honour that. 非常荣幸It is common knowlege that. 是常识It is a pity that. 很遗憾（3）It
3、+ be + 过去分词+ that - clause It is reported that. 据报道It is believed that. 据相信It has been proved that. 已证实It is said that. 据说特别提示在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的被动结构中，that 从句中的谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held this afternoon. （4）It + seem / happen 等不及物动词+ that - clause It seems / seem
4、ed that. 似乎It happens / happened that. 碰巧It appears that. 好像It seems that he is wrong. 2whether 引导的主语从句 “是否” 从句在句首时必须用whether ，置于句尾时， 可换用 ifWhether he will come is not clear. It is not clear whether / it he will come. 3wh - 疑问词引导主语从句。有时也可用it 作形式主语，而把wh - 从句后置。What we need is more time. It is more ti
5、me what we need. Why he did this is not known. It is not known why he did this. 4whatever ， whoever ，whomever ，whenever ，wherever 等引精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 17 页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思导主语从句。Whoever told you to give up smoking was quite right. Whatever caused the accident has
6、not yet been found. 表语从句位于系动词be， lookremain，seem 等连系动词后充当表语的从名也叫表语从句。1that 引导表语从句：that 不作任何成份，只起连接作用，不能省略。The trouble is that we are short of money. The fact is that he is lying. 2whether 引导表语从句，这时不能换用if。The question is whether people will buy it. 3疑问词引导表语从句The pencil is where is was. The problem wa
7、s how we could find him. as if，as though 引导表语从句He looks as if he were angry. 宾语从句：在句子中充当宾语that 引导的宾语从句：that 在从句中没有任何意义，不充当任何成份，可省略。I know (that) you have met him. Lets suppose (that) one day this happens to you. He told me that he was wrong. 在动词 think ， believe，suppose，expect，imagine 等后 is 的宾语从句中的否定
8、词前移。（主句的主语须是第一人称）I dont think you arc right. 2wh - 疑问词引导的宾语从句。Tell me what you want Do you know who will come at the meeting? 误区警示whose，which ，what 三个词都带有形容词性质：whose “谁的”，which“哪一个”，what“什么”。which 是有一定的范围的。what - 般没有什么特定的范围。I dont know which food you want. I dont know what he wants. 3如果宾语从句还有自己的补语，应
9、用it 作形式宾语，而把从句后置。这样的动词有make，believe，find， feel，consider， think 等。We think it strange that Tom dont go to school yesterday4可以用whatever ，whoever ，whomever ， whenever，wherever 等引导宾语从句。Please write down whatever he is satying. I dont know whoever will come. 同位语从句：在句中充当同位语。1that 引导同位语从句。在下列名词后可用that 引导同位
10、语从句： answer， belief, doubt ， fact， hope， idea， information ，knowledge， law，news，opinion ， plan，suggestion，thought ，truth 等。l had no idea that you were here. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 17 页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思The story goes that William killed his wife. 误区警示同位语从句引导词无意义，不充当成份，
11、不可省略。同位语从句与其说明的名词或代词应为同一内容。同位语从旬前一般没有逗号。2在 no idea 后可用 wh - 疑问词引导同位语从句。I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea what he said. 辨析比较：（1）that 引导定从句和that 引导同位从句的区别：that 引导的定语从句是对先行词加以修饰限制，that 在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语；而同位语从句是说明名词中心词的具体内容，that 在同位语从句中不作任何成份，只起连接作用。He told me the news that our team won.（th
12、at 引导同位语从句）He told me the news that(which) was very exciting.（that 引导定语从句在从句中作主语）We are interested the news that some foreigners will visit our school.（同位语从句）We are interested in the news that he told us.（定语从句， that 在从句中作宾语）（2） whether 与 if 在名词性从句中的用法区别：whether 和 if 表示“是否”之意，引导宾语从句时，二者可换用。He asked i
13、f he would come. He asked whether he would come. 连词 whether 引导主语从句、表语从句时，不可换用if。Whether he will attend the meeting is uncertain. The question is whether he will come. 宾语从句中，whether 常与 or not 搭配， if 则不可以。I dont care whether or not she will attend the meeting. whether 可用在介词后，或带to 的不定式前， if 则不可。Im not
14、sure of whether it will rain or not. I have no idea whether to go there by bus. 某些动词（如discuss）后面只能用whether ，不用 if。We discusses whether we should make a change in our plan. 3动词 doubt 后跟宾语从句时，在肯定句中用whether 或 if 引导宾语从句。在否定句、疑问句中用that 引导宾语从句。 that you had turned a deaf ear to your mothers advice. 我认为你失败
15、的原因是你不听你母亲的忠告。注意： 在“ the reason why sBdoes sth. is that - 从句”的结构中，that 不能换成 because。基本能力训练单项选择从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。1hope _ happy whiIe you are here Ayou to beBfor your being Cyou will beDyou being 2You will realize _ break the law will be punished. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - -
16、 - -第 3 页，共 17 页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Athat those whoBthat those that CwhoeverDthose whoever 3 I misspelt a word here in the sentence. Well, thats _you were mistaken.（）AwhenB what CwhereDwhy 4 It was 3 oclock _ we arrived at the village. Oh, it was also at 3 oclock _ we arrived at the village. Awhen；wh
17、enBwhen；that Cthat；thatDthat；when 5_ air is to us is _ water is to fish. AThat；thatBWhat；that CThat；whatDWhat；what 6Can you make sure _ the gold ring? Awhere Alice had put Bwhere had Alice had put Cwhere has Alice put Dwhere Alice has put 7_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. AWhat
18、B That CThe factDThe matter 8I remember _ this used to be a quiet village. AwhenB how CwhereDwhat 9 Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. AhowBwhen CthatDif 10Mother made a promise _ I passed the final exam she would buy me a computer. AifB that whether Cwhethe1 Dthat if 11_ you like
19、 him or not is none of our business. AIfBWhat CWhetherDThat 12_ he looked after the old man year after ye moved us deeply. AThatBWhen CWhyDWhat 13_ we will go outing depends on _ it will be fine day tomorrow. AIf，whetherBWhether ，if CWhether ，whetherDIf，if 14_ surprised us very much that he had pass
20、ed the driving test. AWhatB This CItDThat 15Go and get your school bag, Tom. its _ you left it. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 17 页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思AthereB where Cwhere themDthere where 16It looked _ it was going to snow again. Aas ifBeven if CifDas 17Lei Feng was always thin
21、king of _ he could help others. AthatBhow CwhenDwhich 18Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party: Aleft；had arrivedBleft；arrived Chad left ；had arrivedDhad left ；arrived 19The question is _ you should do next AwhatBthat ChowDwhy 20I know nothing about her but _ she is fr
22、om Canada. AhowBwhen CthatDwhy 21It depends on _ we have enough time. AifB if or not CthatDwhether 22_ they dont like us is very clear. AWhatB That CwhichDwhere 23.the green typewriter is mine. Do you know whose typewriter _ ? Ais this blue oneBthis blue one Cis this blueDthis blue one is 24The reas
23、on _ nothing on earth is motionless is the earth is in constant motion. Awhy；thatBthat；why Cof；thatDthat；because 25I still remember the promise _ he made _ he would give mc a gift for my birthday. Awhat， thatBthat， that Cthat，whichDwhich，which 26I had no idea _ she has gone. AhowBwhat CwhenDwhere 27
24、The factory _ I worked ten years ago is in the cast of the city. AhowBwhat CwhichDwhere 28The place _ interested me most was the Chidrens Palace. AwhichBin which CwhatDwhere 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 17 页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思29I have no idea _ he will come back from work. Aw
25、hereBthat CwhenDwhich 30I will never forget the day _ I first came to the college. Aon whichBwhich Cin whichDthat 31Well remember the day for ever _ we got married. AwhenB which CthatDin which 32The girl makes full use of the time _ she can spare. AwhenBthat Con whichDin which 33We had no idea _ Li
26、Hong didnt come to school today. AthatBwhich CwhyDfor which 34Please give me your reason _ you werent here yesterday. AthatBwhich CwhyDfor that 35Is that the reason _ you cant tell us? Afor whichBwhy CthatDwhat 36These photographs will show you _ . Awhat our village looks like. Bwhat does our villag
27、e look like Chow our village looks like. Dhow does our village look like. 37_ is to practice using English often. AThat you should do. BWhich you should do. CWhat you should do. DWhatever should you do. 38_ we cant get seems better than _ we have. AWhat；whatBWhat；that CThat；thatDThat；what 39_ well g
28、o camping tomorrow depends on the AIfBWhether CThatDWhere 40It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. AwhileB that CifDwhether 41_ no one likes his idea made him very sad. AWhatB That CWhichDHow 42 The reason _ he didnt come to the lecture is _ he was very ill that day. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
29、- - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 17 页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Awhy；becauseBthat；because Cthat；thatDwhy；that 43_ you say will be of no use now. AWhatB That CNo matter howDWhatever 44After months of search there was little hope _ the lost boy might he found. AthatBwhich CwhenDhow 45_ in the newspaper that th
30、e Japanese Minister will arrive next Monday. AIt saysBIt is said CIt has saidDHe is said 46_ we cant join in the party. AIt is a pityB That is a pity CIt is a pity thatDIt is pity 47_ the headmaster is not coming to the sports meeting at all. AIt seems thatBIt seem that CIt seemsDIt seemed 48Has it
31、been announced _ the planet are to take off? AwhenB if CwhichDwhat 49It is not clear _ he did it. AwhoBwhich CwhomDwhy 50The fact _ he did nothing _ all of us. Athat，to surprise Bthat，surprised Cwhich，was surprising Dwhich，was surprprised 定语从句专项复习（一）1. We should learn from those _ are always ready t
32、o help others. A. who B. whom C. they D. that 2. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _ in China. A. works B. is working C. are working D. has been working 3 . Tom is the only one of the students who _ to Shanghai. A. have gone B. have been C. has been D. had gone 4. I, _ your good friend, w
33、ill try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am 5. The old man has two sons, _ are lawyers. A. both of them B. both of who C. both of whom D. both of they 6. He is a man of great knowledge, _ much can be learned. A. in whom B. about whom C. from whom D. of whom 7 Do you k
34、now the man _ just now? A. to who I nodded B. I nodded to C. whom I nodded D. Whom I nodded to him. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 17 页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思8. The man _ has gone to Japan. A. whom I told you B. that I told you C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about 9. Pl
35、ease pass me the dictionary _ cover is black. A. which B. its C. whose D. which of 10. The radio set _ last week has been out of order. A. I bought B. I bought it C. which I bought it D. what I bought 11. All the apples _ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs. A. which B. / C. that D. th
36、ey 12. I can tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all that 13. This is the biggest lab _ we have ever built in our university. A. which B. what C. that D. where 14. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. what 15. Air, _ we breathe every
37、 day, is around us all the time. A. that B. / C. which D. it 16. This is the museum _ we saw an exhibition the other day. A. that B. which C. where D. in that 17. This museum is _ you visited the other day. A. that B. which C. where D. the one 18. This is the museum _ you saw the other day. A. that
38、B. where C. in which D. in that 19. It is the third time _ late this month. A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that you ve arrived D. when you ve arrived20. It was in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon. A. that B. which C. in which D. when 21. We often think of th
39、e days _ we spent together on the island. A. when B. which C. in which D. during which 22. Have you ever been to Shanghai, _ I left ten years ago? A. where B. which C. that D. when 23. He has left Beijing, _ a meeting is to be held. A. when B. where C. as D. which 24. This is the very place _ I m wi
40、shing to live in.A. where B. which C. that D. in which 25. Is it in that factory _ “ Red Flag ” cars are made?A. in which B. where C. that D. which 26. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. than 27. Can you solve such problems _ raised by the audience? A. what were
41、 B. as were C. that were D. which were 28. The reason _ he didn t come was _ he was injured.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 17 页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思A. that, because B. why, that C. why, because D. that, that 29. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C
42、. it D. what 30. His father died last year, _ made it impossible for him to go abroad. A. when B. which C. as D. that 31. _ is natural, he married Mary. A. It B. What C. Which D. As 32. The buses, _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. most of them B. most of which C. which most
43、D. that most 33. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. the thing B. that C. what D. which 34. He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows, most of _ had not been cleaned for years. A. these B. those C. that D. which 35. She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B.
44、 which C. this D. that 36. In the dark street, there wasn t a single person _ she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 37. This is one of the means _ the electric energy is conducted from one place to another. A. by which B. by that C. through which D. through that 38. The plac
45、e _ you are going to visit is the ruin of a place. A. in which B. at which C. where D. which 39. The last river _ they crossed is two miles wide. A. where B. which C. that D. in which 40. The Summer Palace is one of the most beautiful parks _ built in the Qing Dynasty. A. where were B. where was C.
46、that were D. which was 41. The factory _ I am going to is the place _ my mother used to work many years ago. A. where, where B. where, which C. which, where D. that, which 42. Don t trust such men _ over praise you to your face.A. as B. that C. who D. which 43. The professor has two sons, _ are teac
47、hing in the same university. A. neither of them B. either of them C. both of them D. both of whom 44. Don t do such things _ you are not sure about.A. that B. which C. as D. what 45. Rober is good at language, _ we all know. A. because B. for C. as D. since 46. China has hundreds of islands, _ we al
48、l know. A. in which B. at which C. of which D. which 47. She wrote a letter to her father, _ she made her secret known. A. which B. that C. in which D. where 48. Oxygen is a kind of gas, _ we couldn t live.A. without it B. without that C. without which D. if not 49. Matter is anything _ 精选学习资料 - - -
49、 - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 17 页读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思A. that take up space and have weight B. which take up space and have weight C. that takes up space and has weight D. those take up space and have weight 50. I have many books, the best _ was borrowed by Mary. A. about them B. of which
50、C. among them D. in which 定语从句专项复习（二）51. She showed me the dictionary _ she paid a lot of money. A. by which B. to which C. for which D. on which 52. Abraham Lincoln is a man _ I have the greatest respect. A. who B. to whom C. whom D. for whom 53. Edison had one suit _ very little money, and which h