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1、Section Learning about Language.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1There were balloons of all shapes(形状) and sizes in the sky.2The soil was washed away by the flood, exposing bare(光秃秃的) rocks.3Bitten(咬，咬伤) by a dog, the little boy did not dare to play with dogs again.4When I walked in, I found that he was bendin
2、g(弯腰，屈身) over his desk to have a rest.5I have some doubt whether he is the best man for the job.6To watch over the sick baby, the mother remained awake all the night.7A fire broke out in their school, and it caused much alarm8Many people throughout history have dreamed of a world without war. 拓展词汇 根
3、据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1behave v表现，举动behaviour n举止，行为2hesitate v. 犹豫，迟疑hesitation n犹豫，迟疑3direct v指导，指引direction n方向4long v渴望longing n渴望5rough adj.粗略的；粗糙的roughly adv.大概地，粗略地寻规律、巧记忆v.ionn.v.ingn.hesitation犹豫，迟疑exhaustion疲惫，精疲力竭attraction吸引longing渴望warning警告beginning开始.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1play an important part in在
4、中起重要作用2put down 放下3hold out 伸出4come up to 朝走过来5turn away 走开6sweep over 向扩展7keep ones eyes on 注视，盯着看8fix on 注视，凝视9cast about 寻找，搜索，想办法10look around for 四处寻找.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1John, put down your cellphone and help your mother with the housework.2She came up to me and asked whether I would like to go
5、shopping with her.3The young worker stood there, with attention fixed on the notice on the wall.4We should hold out the hand of friendship and cooperation to them.5Why do we need to keep calm and not turn away when we see a snake?寻规律、巧记忆sweepprep./adv.动词短语onn.介词短语sweep over向扩展sweep away消灭，扫除sweep up
6、打扫on end竖起；连续不断地on duty值日，值班on fire着火背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Then she leapt backwards, back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly.然后它向后一跃，脊背拱起，毛发竖立，尾巴僵直地伸着。独立主格结构。由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。Her glasses broken, she couldnt see the words on the blackboard.2.It looked as if someone had cut a patch out of the ai
7、r, about two metres from the edge of the road, a patch roughly square in shape and less than a metre across.看上去就像有人在距离路边大约两米的地方将空间切开了一块，它大体呈方形，不到一米宽。as if引导表语从句。她看起来仿佛刚从外太空回来似的。It looked as if she had just come back from outer space.3.He found himself standing under a row of trees. 他发现自己站在一排树下。findo
8、neself宾补，意为“发现自己”。醒来时，他发现自己躺在沙发上。When he woke up, he found himself lying on a sofa. behave v表现，举动(教材P16)The cat behaves in a strange way.这只猫的举止异常。(1)behave well/badly举止得体/不当behave oneself 注意举止，守规矩(2)behavio(u)r n. 举止，行为Parents should educate their children to behave well.父母应当教育子女举止得体。Youd better beh
9、ave yourself(you), otherwise you will be made fun of.你最好规矩一点，否则你会被取笑的。Its bad behaviour(behave) for a man to smoke in public places where smoking isnt allowed.一个人在禁烟的公共场合吸烟是不当的行为。 (教材P16)Will put_down his shopping bag and held_out his hand, and the cat came up to rub her head against his knuckles, j
10、ust as Moxie did.威尔放下他的购物袋，伸出手，那只猫跑过来用头在他的指关节上磨蹭，正如莫克西所做的那样。(1)put down放下；写下，记下；镇压；降落；让某人下车写出下列句子中put down的意思Put down that knife before you hurt somebody！放下A series of uprisings was put down by the army.镇压Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can put down almost every word her teacher say
11、s.写下，记下put away收拾；储存put aside 把放在一边；忽视put forward 提出(意见，建议)put out 扑灭；伸出；出版put off 推迟，拖延put up 举起；张贴；搭建；留宿put up with 容忍To make space in the bedroom, she put away her winter clothes in the upstairs bedroom.为了在卧室里腾出地方来，她把她的冬装全收起来放在楼上那间卧室里了。(2)hold out伸出；坚持；维持hold back阻止；抑制；隐瞒hold on 继续；抓住不放；(打电话)不挂断h
12、old on to 抓住；坚持；不放弃hold up 举起；支撑；使停顿；耽误If everyone holds out their friendly hands to the needy people，our world will be better and better.如果每个人都向处于困境之人伸出友谊之手，我们的世界就会越来越好。We were short of water but could hold out for another day.我们虽然缺水，但还可以再坚持一天。Dont hold anything back; tell me all that you know.不要隐瞒
13、任何事情；把你所知道的都告诉我。I was held up on the way here in the traffic jam, thus causing the delay.我遭遇到了交通堵塞，结果迟到了。 longing n渴望(教材P16)Of course，every cat behaved like that，but all the same Will felt such a longing to turn for home that tears scalded his eyes.当然，所有猫都是那样的。尽管如此，威尔还是渴望回家，以至于热泪充满了他的双眼。long for sb.
14、/sth.渴望long (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望(某人)做某事The lonely child is longing for the love of his mother.这个孤独的孩子渴望母亲的爱。Lucy had always longed for a brother.露西一直渴望有个弟弟。Mike longs to do(do) something for the people across the sea.迈克期望能为海外的人们做一些事情。 turn away走开；转过脸去；不准进入(教材P16)Eventually this cat turned away.最终
15、，这只猫转身走开了。写出下列句子中turn away的意思Because the hall was full, many people were turned away.拒绝进入She turned away, pretending to look at somewhere else.转过脸去With a hopeless sigh, he turned away at last.走开turn to翻到；求助于turn in 上交turn on/off 打开/关掉turn up 出现，露面；开大，调大turn down 关小，调低；拒绝turn over 翻动；移交 turn out 结果是；
16、生产 You can always turn to him for help if you meet with difficulty.如果遇到困难，你总是可以找他帮忙。 keep ones eyes on 注视，盯着看(教材P16)When it had gone past he crossed the road, keeping his eyes on the spot where the cat had been investigating.卡车开过去后，他穿过马路，眼睛盯着那只猫一直在打量的地方。fix ones eyes on注视，凝视keep an eye on 注意，留意；看护lo
17、ok sb.in the eye 直视，正视某人catch ones eye 引起的注意have an eye for 对有鉴赏力/判断力Jack fixed/kept his eyes on Mr.Browns face and waited for his answer.杰克注视着布朗先生的脸，等候着他的回复。She was cooking while she was keeping an eye on her baby sleeping in the cradle.她一边看护着睡在摇篮中的婴儿一边做饭。Linda is a fashionable young girl; she has
18、an eye for fashion.琳达是一个年轻时尚的女孩子；她对时装有鉴赏力。 shape n& v形状；外形；造成形状；塑造(教材P16)It looked as if someone had cut a patch out of the air, about two metres from the edge of the road, a patch roughly square in shape and less than a metre across.看上去就像有人在距离路边大约两米的地方将空间切开了一块，它大体呈方形，不到一米宽。(1)in shape在形状上；健康的out of
19、 shape 变形的，走样的；不健康in the shape of 以的形式；呈的形状(2)shape.into. 把加工/塑造成Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize.我们周围小的压力经常会塑造我们的行为，这一点我们没有意识到。The garden behind our house is in the shape of a square.我们房子后面的花园是方形的。The children enjoy shaping the snow into figures
20、 of people and animals.孩子们喜欢把雪做成人和动物的形状。 doubt n& v怀疑；疑惑(教材P17)But Will knew without the slightest doubt that that patch of grass on the other side was in a different world.但是威尔深信不疑，另一边的那块草地在一个不同的世界里。(1)have doubt about/whether . 怀疑have no doubt about/that . 不怀疑There is some doubt about/whether. 怀疑T
21、here is no doubt that . 毫无疑问without/beyond doubt 毫无疑问；一定地(2)doubt sth. 怀疑某事doubt whether(if) . 怀疑是否(3)doubtful adj. 怀疑的If you have any doubts about your health, youd better consult your doctor at once.你如果对自己的健康有任何疑问，最好马上咨询你的医生。I have doubt whether he will keep his word/promise.我怀疑他是否会遵守诺言。He studies
22、 very hard; there is no doubt that he will pass the exam.他学习很努力；毫无疑问他会通过这次考试。 hesitate v犹豫，迟疑(教材P17)What he saw made his head swim and his heart thump harder, but he didnt hesitate .他看到的一切使他头晕目眩，心跳加速，但是他却丝毫没有迟疑(1)hesitate about/over (doing) sth.对犹豫不决hesitate to do sth. 对做有顾虑(2)hesitation n. 犹豫，踌躇wit
23、hout hesitation 毫不犹豫地Hes still hesitating about taking part in the sports meeting.他对是否参加运动会仍拿不定主意。Please do not hesitate to contact(contact) me if you have any question.如果有疑问请尽管和我联系。No matter when our motherland needs us, we will go without hesitation.无论什么时候，只要祖国需要我们，我们就会毫不犹豫地出发。(教材P16)Then she leap
24、t backwards, back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly然后它向后一跃，脊背拱起，毛发竖立，尾巴僵直地伸着。【要点提炼】句中的back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly为名词后接介词短语和过去分词构成的独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。(1)独立主格结构的构成：名词/代词(2)独立主格结构的功能：独立主格结构在句中可以作时间、原因、条件或伴随状语等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。The new teacher came in, a smile on her face.新老师面
25、带微笑走了进来。The girl staring(stare) at him, he didnt know what to say.姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。He lied on the grass listening to music, his eyes closed(close)他躺在草地上，听着音乐，闭着眼睛。1(教材P16)It wasnt easy, because there was nothing to fix on, but when he came to the place and cast about to look closely, he saw it.【分析】句
26、中but连接两个并列分句，第一个分句中包含because引导的原因状语从句，不定式短语to fix on作后置定语修饰前面的nothing；第二个分句中包含when引导的时间状语从句，不定式短语to look closely作目的状语。【翻译】这并不容易，因为他无法将目光集中在某件东西上。但是当他靠近那个地方，设法仔细观察时，他看出了端倪。2(教材P17)You could only see it from the side nearest the road, and you couldnt see it easily even from there, because all you coul
27、d see through it was exactly the same kind of thing that lay in front of it on this side: a patch of grass lit by a street light.【分析】and连接两个并列分句；第二个分句中包含because引导的原因状语从句，其中you could see through it为定语从句修饰all；that lay in front of it on this side也是定语从句修饰thing；冒号后面的部分是对the same kind of thing的解释说明。【翻译】只有
28、从最靠近马路的一边才能看到它，但即使从那儿也很难看到，因为透过它，你所看到的一切与这边的完全相同：被一盏街灯照亮的一片草地。. 单句语法填空1My brother has a good sense of direction(direct) and never gets lost wherever he goes.2Please dont turn away while I am speaking to you.3Every year in the country more than 500，000 children are bitten(bite) by dogs.4Roughly(rough
29、) speaking, we receive about fifty letters a week on the subject.5When the medical team arrived there, the locals held out their friendly hands.6When a kid is playing outside, keep your eyes(eye) on him at all times.7We are at your service. Dont hesitate to turn(turn) to us if you have any problem.8
30、Never have I seen such a strange house shaped(shape) like a bird.9Since I was not good at English, Miss Zhang asked me to listen attentively and put down some important notes.10A young woman passing by saw the little boy and could read the longing(long) in his pale blue eyes.单句改错1Parents should teac
31、h their children how to behave good at table.goodwell2On hearing the gunshot, all people fled to all directions.toin3Sam had an accident a few days ago, so many people doubted he could join the match.doubted后加whether/if4There were no buses, they had to take a taxi to go home.werebeing或they前加so5He st
32、ood there, his eyes fixing on the picture on the wall, lost in thought.fixingfixed. 完成句子1天气允许的话，明天我们出去野餐。Weather permitting, well go for a picnic tomorrow.(permit)2我发现自己被一群充满好奇心的孩子围住了。I found myself surrounded by a group of children full of curiosity.(find)3看！因为撞车，这辆车的前部现在已经完全变形了。Look! The front part of the car is now totally out of shape due to the crash.(shape)4毫无疑问，吸烟会严重损害我们的健康。There is no doubt that smoking can seriously damage our health.(doubt)5我们错过了公共汽车，看来我们好像必须要乘坐出租车了。We have missed the bus. It looks as if well have to take a taxi.(look)