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1、【导读】假如给我三天光明是美国当代作家海伦凯勒的散文代表作。该书的前半部分主要写了海伦变成盲聋人后的生活,后半部分则介绍了海伦的求学生涯。同时也介绍她体会丰富多彩的生活以及她的慈善活动等。Three Days to See(excerpt)All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live.Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twentyfour hours.But
2、 always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours.I speak,of course,of free men who have a choice,not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited.Such stories set us thinking,wondering what we should do under sim
3、ilar circumstances.What events,what experiences,what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past,what regrets?Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow.Such an atti
4、tude would emphasize sharply the values of life.We should live each day with a gentleness,a vigor,and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come.There are those,of course,who would adopt the Epicure
5、an motto of “Eat,drink,and be merry,”but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.In stories the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune,but almost always his sense of values is changed.He becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life an
6、d its permanent spiritual values.It has often been noted that those who live,or have lived,in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.Most of us,however,take life for granted.We know that one day we must die,but usually we picture that day as far in the future.When we are
7、in buoyant health,death is all but unimaginable.We seldom think of it.假如给我三天光明(节选)我们大家都读过一些令人激动的故事,这些故事里的主人公仅仅活在有限并且特定的时间内,有时长达一年,有时短到24小时。但我们总是有兴趣发现,那命中注定要死的是那些有选择自由的人,而不是那些活动范围被严格限定了的判了刑的犯人。这样的故事让我们思考,在相似的情况下,我们该怎么办,作为终有一死的人,在那最终的几个小时内安排什么事件,什么经历,什么交往?在回顾往事时,我们该找到什么快乐?什么悔恨?有时我想到,过好每一天是个非常好的习惯,似乎我们
8、明天就会死去。这种态度鲜明地强调了生命的价值。我们应该以优雅、精力充沛、善知乐趣的方式过好每一天。而当岁月推移,在经常瞻观未来之时日、未来之年月中,这些又常常失去。当然,也有人愿按伊壁鸠鲁的信条“吃、喝和欢乐”去生活(译注:伊壁鸠鲁是古希腊哲学家,他认为生活的主题目的是享乐,而最高的享受唯通过合理的生活,如自我控制才能得到。因为生活享受的目的被过分强调,而达此目的之手段被忽视,所以伊壁鸠鲁的信徒现今变为追求享乐的人。他们的信条是:“让我们吃喝,因为明天我们就死亡”),但绝大多数人还是被即将面临死亡的必然性所折磨。在故事里,注定要死的主人公往往在最后一刻由某种命运的突变而得救,但几乎总是他的价值
9、观被改变了。他对生活的意义和它永恒的精神价值变得更具欣赏力了。常常看到那些生活或已生活在死亡的阴影之中的人们都赋予他们所做的每件事以芳醇甜美。但是,我们大多数人把生活认为是理所当然的。我们知道,某一天我们一定会死,但通常我们把那天想象在遥远的将来。当我们心宽体健时,死亡几乎是不可想象的,我们很少想到它。知识积累1specified adj.特定的2doomed adj. 命中注定的3chasten vt. 使内疚;使懊悔4impending adj. 即将发生的5mellow adj. 芳醇的6buoyant adj. 愉快的;乐观的文化链接从黑暗走向光明会让人对这个世界充满好奇与欣喜,从光明走向黑暗会让人瞬间对世界充满绝望与不安。海伦一直鼓励自己:“我要把别人眼睛看见的光明当作我的太阳,把别人的耳朵听见的音乐当作我的交响乐,别人嘴角的微笑当作我的幸福。”对于海伦来说能够看到世界的影像与听到世界的声音是一个遥不可及而又充满期待的梦想。如果我们经历过黑暗,一定不会再这样使用我们的双眼,如海伦所说:“你看到的所有一切都会变得异常亲切,只要是你视觉范围之内的东西,你都会用你的目光去拥抱它,最后,你将看到,一个美丽的新世界展现在你眼前。”