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1、.2017年中考英语复习之非谓语动词一、定义:在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词(它不受人称和数的限制),包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）二、动词不定式(一).不定式的基本形式:to+V原，不定式的否定形式:not to+V原(二)不定式的句法功能(不定式在句中能作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾补、状语)1.不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句末：a.It+be+名词+to do sth.b.It takes sb. some time to do sthc.It+be+形容词+of /for sb +to do sth当
2、形容词表示人的品质时, 用of不用for. (careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,clever)2.不定式作宾语 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：would like,want, hope, wish,like,decide,plan, learn, pretend, refuse,.在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。I find it easy to read English every day.常见的一些不带to的动词不定式的用法:w
3、hy not do sth?=why dont you do sth? had better (not)do sth,would rather do sth,could/would you please (not)do sth?3.不定式作表语 Her job is to clean the hall.4.不定式作宾语补足语 want, wish, ask, tell, help, advise,teach, allow, wait for, invite,would like,encourage后跟动词不定式作宾补；使役动词和感官动词常用省略to的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态时，必须加上to
4、.(一感二听三让四看五帮助)feel,hear,listen to,let,make,have,look at,see,watch,notice,help5.不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语，应放在名词之后；不定式为不及物动词时，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。He found a good house to live in.6.不定式常与疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。He didnt know where to go.= He didnt know where he should go.7.只能接不定式动词的口诀:决
5、定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事,迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事decide to do sth.决定做某事,want would like to do sth.想做某事,plan to do sth.计划做某某事,fail to do未能做某事need to do sth.需要做某事,agree to do sth.同意做某事,afford to do能做某事,be used to do被用来做,cant wait to do迫不及待地要做某事,make up ones mind to do下决心做某事,used to do过去常常做某事ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做
6、某事,tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事,want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事,expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事,encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事,promise sb. to do答应某人做某事,allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事,help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事三、动名词(一)、动名词的构成:
7、动词原形+-ing(二)、动名词的句法功能(动名词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语)Eating too much is bad for your health.I like playing basketball very much.Stamps are used for sending letters.His hobby is collecting stamps.She is in the reading room.(三)、常见接动名词作宾语的动词:喜欢、考虑不可免，停止、放弃大冒险，介意想象莫推延，要求完成是渴望，建议继续勤练，不禁原谅要坚持，继续注意使成功。(enjoy,consider
8、,avoid,stop,give up,risk,mind,imagine,put off, require,finish,look forward to,suggest,go on,practice,cant help,excuse,insist on,keep on,pay attention to,succeed in)enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事,spend.doing sth.花费做某事,be busy doing sth.忙于做 imagine sb. doing sth.想象做某事,cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事,feel like doin
9、g sth.想要做某事finish doing sth.完成做某事,practice doing sth. 练习做某事,miss doing sth.错过做某事suggest doing sth.建议做某事,keep (on) doing sth.保持（继续）做某事,mind doing sth.介意做某事be worth doing sth.值得做某事,consider doing sth.考虑做某事,be good at doing sth擅长做某事 be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣,be used for doing sth.被用来做某事thank
10、sb. for doing sth.谢谢某人做某be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事,put off doin推迟做某事,keep/stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事,give up doing sth.放弃做某事,without doing sth.没有做某事,think about doing sth.考虑做某事,What/How about doing 做某事怎么样?look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事pay attention to doing sth.注意/关注做某事be used to doing sth.习
11、惯于做某事,prefer doing sth to doing sth.相比做，更喜欢做四、分词(一)分词的构成:现在分词的基本形式由动词+-ing构成，过去分词由动词+-ed构成。(二)分词的句法构成:分词在句中可作定语、状语、表语和补语Do you know the girl standing under the tree? Please hand in your written exercises.The students went out of the classroom,talking and laughing. Seen from the hill,our school looks
12、 more beautiful.The boy is too frghtened to move. Dont keep us waiting for a long time.I heard him singing in the classroom. Hell have his hair cut after school.现在分词作宾补,现在分词与宾语构成主动关系；过去分词作宾补,过去分词与宾语构成被动关系。五、动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别1.forget to do sth 忘记去做某事(事未做) forget doing sth 忘记做过某事(事已做)2.remember to do st
13、h记住去做某事(事未做) remember doing sth记得做了某事(事已做3.mean to do sth 打算，想做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做了某事4.stop to do sth 停下来去做（另一件事） stop doing sth 停止做某事5.try to do sth 尽力去做某事 try doing sth试着做某事6.go on to do sth 接着做（另外一件事） go on doing sth 继续做某事(前后做的是同一件事)7.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事8.need to
14、do sth需要去做某事(主语是人,表主动) need doing sth需要做某事(主语是物,表被动) 六、如何判断使用谓语动词还是非谓语动词当句子缺少谓语时，该动词就要使用谓语动词形式（体现时态和语态）；当句子已有谓语动词且无并列连词时，该动词就用非谓语动词形式。1Mr. Smith told his son the football match because of the exam. （2015呼和浩特）A.not to watch B.to not watch C.not watching D.doesnt watch2.Sarah, youd better drink more w
15、ater after for such a long time.（2015广州）A.run B.runs C.to run D.running3.My parents didnt allow me to the party. （2015天津）A. go B. to go C. goes D. went4.-Its too cold today.Would you mind the window? -Certainly not.Go ahead.(2015安顺) A.to close B.closing C.close D.closed5.Why not your friends for hel
16、p when you are in trouble. （2015安顺）A.ask B.to ask C.asks D.asking6.-So beautiful flowers! I cant decide for my mom.-For Mothers Day, it cant be better to take some carnations（康乃馨).（2015福州）A.when to chooseB .which to choose C.how to choose7.When you leave, please turn off the lights energy. （2015泰安）A
17、.save B.to save C.saving D.saved8.I was tired out, so I stopped the car a short rest. （2015苏州）A. have B.having C. to have D. had9.For our coming vacation, why going abroad and seeing the outside world? （2015武威）A.not consider B.to consider C.dont think D.not think10.-Did you talk back to your mother
18、when you were a child?-Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really regret that silly thing to my mum.(2015襄阳) A.do B.to do C.doing D.did11.Youd bette the test paper before handing it in.A.go ahead B.go on C.go off D.go over12.We are too tired. Lets stop a rest. （2015益阳）A.to haveB.haveC.having13.I r
19、eally dont know this question. It is too hard. （2015自贡）A.which to answer B.how to answer C.what to answer14.I will try my best to stop my son from the same mistake.（2015重庆A/C卷）A.make B.made C.makes D.making15.The joke was so funny that it made him again and again.（2015重庆B卷）A.laugh B.to laugh C.laugh
20、ed D.laughs16.We stopped , but there was not any sound.A.to listen B.listens C.listen D.listening17.Neither the headmaster nor the teachers take a vacation next week. （2015呼和浩特）A.were going to B.is going to C.was going to D.are going to18.-What would you like to have for supper? -Either noodles or r
21、ice OK.I dont mind.A.are B.were C.is D.was （2015安顺）19.Everybody except Mike and Linda there when the meeting began. （2015泰安）A.is B.are C.was D.were20.Three million a large number. You can make it .A.are; small B.is; smaller C.is; small D.are; smaller21.-How many women doctors are there in your hospi
22、tal? - them over twenty.（2015益阳）A.A number of; are B.The number of; are C.The number of; is22.-How many people are there in your group?-Four. Three boys in our group this time. （2015重庆B卷）A.is B.are C.were D.was1.-Ifeelstressedfromtimetotime.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?- sharingyourworrieswithyourparent
23、s?(2016江苏泰州)A.WhydontyouB.HowaboutC.WhynotD.Wouldyoulike2.-Wouldyoumind inthedininghall? -Ofcoursenot. (2016四川宜宾)A.nottosmokeB.notsmokingC.smokeD.notsmoke3.Studentsshouldlearnhow problems.(2016四川雅安)A.solveB.solvingC.cansolveD.tosolve4.-Canyoufinish thesebooksbefore10oclock? -Yes,Ican.(2016四川雅安)A.tor
24、eadB.readC.readsD.reading5.Myparentsoftentellme toomuchjunkfoodbecauseitsbadformyhealth.(2016山东临沂)A.noteatingB.nottoeatC.eatingD.toeat6.Shesnotstrongenough walkingupmountains.(2016浙江杭州)A.togoB.goingC.goD.went7.HelosthiskeyItmadehim inthecoldtowaitforhiswifesreturn.( 2016重庆)A.tostayB.stayedC.staysD.s
25、tay8.-Whatabout arest? -Letsgoforawalk.(2016湖南邵阳)A.totakeB.takeC.taking9.Manychildrenareleftaloneinthecountryside.Letstryourbest them.(2016浙江衢州)A.helpB.helpingC.tohelpD.helps10.OurEnglishteacheroftensaystous,“ Englishwellisveryimportant”.(2016四川内江)A.LearnB.LearningC.LearnedD.Tolearning11.Hehurriedba
26、ckhome hisschoolbag.(2016四川内江)A.fetchedB.tofetchC.fetchingD.fetches12.-Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme mycar?-Sure.Parkitrighthere.Illhelpyou.(2016山东青岛)A.howtostopB.wheretoparkC.wheretostopD.whentopark13.-Nick,wouldyoumind outofthebathroom?-Sorry.Iwontbelong.( 2016福建福州)A.comeB.tocomeC.coming14.-Whynot
27、 totheparknow?-Goodidea!Letsgo.(2016广东湛江)A.goB.togoC.goesD.going15.-Wouldyoulike campingwithme? -Idliketo.ButImbusy myhomework.(2016山东滨州)A.togo;todoB.togo;doingC.going;todoD.going;doing16.-WhyisLinlinpracticingspeakingEnglish?- abroadforfurtherstudy.(2016山东泰安)A.GoB.GoneC.TogoD.Goes17.-Imnewhere. - D
28、ontworry.IlldowhatIcan you.(2016浙江)A.helpB.tohelpC.inviteD.toinvite18.Jacksteacheraskedhim offthelightsafterclass.(2016四川南充)A.turningB.turnedC.toturn19.Whenyoumovesomewherenew,thefirstthingforyouistofindaplace .(2016四川凉山)A.toliveB.livinginC.tolivein20.Everyonemayfeeltime veryquicklywhentheydosomethi
29、nginteresting.( 2016四川凉山)A.gobyB.togobyC.wentby21.-Imlookingforwardto myparentssoon.Whataboutyou?-Metoo.( 2016四川广安)A.seeingB.seeC.saw22.Seeingtheirteacher intotheclassroom,theystopped atonce.(2016湖北黄石)A.walk;tellingB.entering;tospeakC.enter;totellD.walking;talking23.EvenTonysgranddaughter,afive-year
30、-oldgirl,askedhim smoking.(2016上海)A.giveupB.gaveupC.togiveupD.givingup24.Theretiredcoupleenjoy photos.Theyalwaysgooutwiththeircameras.(2016上海)A.takeB.tookC.totakeD.taking25.-IwillgotoHarbinformysummervacation.Whataboutyou?-Ihaventdecidedwhere .(2016山东济宁)A.goB.wentC.goingD.togo26.Lucyisshy.Shewouldno
31、tinviteherclassmates dancingwithher.(2016江西)A.practiceB.practicesC.practicingD.topractice27.-Howisyourgrandma?-Shesfine.Sheusedto TVathomeaftersupper.Butnowsheisusedto outforawalk.(2016湖北黄冈)A.watch;goB.watching;goC.watching;goingD.watch;going28.-WhostheboyinwhiteT-shir underthetree?-Myfriend.(2016贵州
32、安顺)A.standB.tostandC.stoodD.standing29.Heoftendrinkstwocupsof waterwhenhecomesback.(2016贵州安顺)A.boilingB.boilC.boiledD.boils30.Tom，wouldyouplease thebox?Itsforyoursister.(2016呼和浩特)A.notopenB.dontopenC.nottoopenD.tonotopen31.Jessicasparentsalwaysencourageher outheropinions.(2016辽宁鞍山)A.speakB.speakingC
33、.tospeakD.willspeak32.TheGreensusedtoliveinLondonandnowthey inBeijing.(2016江苏扬州)A.usedtoliveB.areusedtoliveC.areusedtolivingD.areusedforliving33.-Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougrowup?-Asinger,butmyparentswishme ateacher.(2016江苏扬州)A.amB.tobeC.willbeD.be34.Dontthrowawaythewastepaper.Itneeds sothatitcanber
34、eused.(2016江苏无锡)A.todestroyB.destroyingC.tocollectD.collecting35.Paulmadeanicecage thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.(江苏苏州)A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep36.Itwastimeforclass.Mr.Kingaskedallthechildren downquietly.(山东济南)A.sitB.satC.tositD.sitting37.AlltheChinesepeoplemustworkhard ChineseDream.(2016湖南株洲)
35、A.torealizeB.realizeC.realizing38.Ialwaystellmystudents ontheroadbecauseitsreallydangerous.( 2016广州)A.nottoplayB.toplaynotC.notplayingD.notplay39.-Ididnthearyoucomeinjustnow. -Thatsgood.Wetried anynoise,foryouweresleeping.(2016广东)A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.making40.Hepromised hisoldfriendduringhi
36、sstayinTianjin.(2016天津)A.seeB.seeingC.sawD.tosee41.Marycalledandaskedherhusband homeatonce,becauseshelockedtheirdaughter inthehome.(2016陕西)A.toleaveB.leaveC.goD.togo42.-Excuseme.Couldyoutellme gettothenearestpostoffice?-Sorry,Iamnewhere. (2016山东威海)A.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcan43.WhenIwalkedp
37、astthepark,Isawsomeoldpeople ChineseTaiji.(2016山东莱芜)A.doB.didC.doingD.aredoing44.Vocabularyisimportanttolanguagelearning.Therefore,youdbettertrydifferentwaysyoucanthinkof wordsandexpressions.(2016哈尔滨)A.rememberB.torememberC.remembering45.Ourteacheroftentellsus intheriver.Itsdangerous.(2016广西贺州)A.don
38、tswimB.notswimC.nottoswimD.notswimming46.Imsleepy.Iprefer athometogoingoutforawalk.(2016江苏徐州)A.sleepingB.tosleepC.sleptD.sleep47.Attimes,parentsfinditdifficult withtheirteenagechildren.(2016江苏淮安)A.talkB.talkedC.talkingD.totalk48.Heusedto inasmallvillage,butnowhehasbeenusedto inabigcity.A.live;living
39、B.live;liveC.living;living(2016湖南益阳)49.Youlooktootired.Whynot arest?(2016湖南益阳)A.stoptohaveB.tostophavingC.stophaving50.-Wouldyoumind thewindow?Itsveryhot.-No,notatall.(2016湖南娄底)A.openB.toopenC.opening51.-Lauraenjoys storybooks.-Me,too. (2016湖南衡阳)A.readingB.readC.toread53.Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowha
40、tyoucan others.(2016湖北十堰)A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelp54.-Whataheavyrain! -Soitis.Iprefer ratherthanvonsucharainyday.(2016湖北孝感)A.togoout,stayathome B.tostayathome,goout C.goingout,stayathome D.stayingathome,goout55.-Dad,whymustIstop computergames?-Foryourhealth,myboy.(2016湖北孝感)A.playB.toplayC.toplayingD.playing56.-Drivingless,walkingmoreisgoodforou