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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 八年级上册英语语法、短语和学问点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation.本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时；本单元的语法：1.复习一般过去时；2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法；2.不定代词和不定副词的用法：（1）左边的 some、any、every、no 与右边的 body、one、 thing 构成不定代词,some、any、 every、no 与右边的疑问副词 where 构成不定副词；（2）一般情形下以 some 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于确定句,以 any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否
2、定句、疑问句；以 no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（no one为两个单词） ；（3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面；He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做； （确定句用something,形容词important 放后）Did you buy anything special. （一般疑问句用anything ,形容词 special 放后）Did you go anywhere interesting last month. 上个月你去令人感爱好的地方了吗？一般疑问句用不定副词 anywhere,形容词 intere
3、sting 放后 （4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式；个人都在这里；本单元的短语和学问点：1. go on vacation 去度假 go to the mountains 上山 /进山Everone is here today.今日每2.stay at home 呆在家 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests 为考试而学习 备考 go out 出去4. quite a few 相当多 ,不少（后跟可数名词复数）take photos 照相 most
4、 of the time 大部分时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 为某人买某物 6. taste good. 尝起来很好taste（尝起来）、look （看起来）、sound（听起来）为感官动词,后跟形容词7.have a goodgreatfun time 过得兴奋,玩得开心（=enjoy oneself）8. go shopping 去购物9. nothing but+动词原形：除了 之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday. 昨天他在家除了读书无事可做；10. seem to do sth
5、:似乎 I seem to know him. 我似乎熟悉他；seem+（to be）+形容词：看起来 11.keep a diary 记日记 The work seems（to be）easy.这工作看起来很简单；12. in+ 大地方：达到某地（get to +地方：达到某地）arrive at+小地方：达到某地 get 的过去式为 got如是 arrive 和 get 后跟 home、there、here 三个地点副词,后面的介词 inatto 必需去掉；Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.
6、昨晚汤姆到家；13.decide to do sth:打算做某事 14. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try to do sth. 尽力去做某事15. feel like 给 的感觉；感受到 16. in the past 在过去 walk around 四处走走enjoy doing sth: 宠爱做某事 difference 名词,差异,差别 - different 形容词,不同的 18.start doing sth：开头做某事（= start to do sth）19.19.over an hour 一个多小时（over 超过,余外 = more than）20. too
7、 many 太多,后接可数名词复数；语；too much 太多,后跟不行数名词,修饰动词作状much too 太,后跟形容词或副词,辨论三者的口诀：too much, much too, 用法区分看后头 :much 后接不行数 ,too 后修饰形或副；too many 要记住,后面名词必复数；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 21. because of 由于 ,后接名词、代词或动名词（即动词 because由于,后跟句子；+ing）,不能接句子；He was late for school because of
8、getting up late. 他由于起晚而上学迟到； （ get 为动词）= He was late for school because he got up late.22. enough足够的 与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enough money .23. enough足够的 与形容词或副词连用,enough 放在后面； He is old enough to go to school. 24. doing sth.遗忘已经做过某事（已经做完）Forget to do sth.遗忘去做某事（仍未做）forget 的过去式为 forgot25. so+形容词 +that+ 句
9、子：如此 以至于 too+形容词 +to do sth：太 以至于不能 形容词 +enough to do sth：足够 能够做某事（留意三个句型有时可以互换）He is so young that he cant go to school.= He is too young to go to school.= He isnt old enough to go to school. Unit 2 How often do you exercise.本单元的话题：谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时；本单元的语法：1.复习一般现在时；2.学习表示频率副词的用法；主要频率副词的等级排序：always总是
10、usually 通常 often 常常 sometimes 有时 hardly ever 很少 never 从不 这些副词在句子中的位置,一般放在助动词、be 动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前；即：“ 行 ” 前“ 助系” 后；Peter is always late for school. Peter 上学总是迟到；I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业；提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词,用 How often I watch TV every day. 我每天都看电视 本单元的短语和
11、学问点：How often do you watch TV. 你多长时间看一次电视？1.on weekends 在周末 go to the movies 去看电影 help with housework 帮忙做家务how often 多久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不2.once a week 每周一次 twice a week 每周两次 every day 每天 use the Internet 用互联网be free 有空 Are you free on weekends. 你周末有空吗？4.stay up late 熬夜 at least 至少 go to bed early 早
12、点睡觉 play sports 进行体育活动5.after school 放学后 6.want sth：需要某物 He wants a new pen.他想要一支新钢笔；want to do sth: 想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school. 放学后他想去看电视；want sb to do sth:让某人做某事My mother wants me get up early. 妈妈让我早起；7.be good for 对 有好处 be bad for 对 有害处8. play computer games 打电子嬉戏 go camping 去野营 9.ask
13、 sb about sth：问某人某事 My parents often ask me about my study. 我的父母常常问我的学习情形；10. in ones spare time 在某人业余时间 He studies English in his spare time.11.P13 ,2b”数字+percent of+ 名词 ” 做主语时,后面的单词取决于名词的情形；如名词为复数,后面的动词用复数形式；如名词为单数或不行数名词,后面的动词用单数形式；In our class ,twenty of students are boys. Thirty of water is dirt
14、y.12.not at all:一点儿也不（not 构成否定句） I dont like the movie at all.13.go online 上网 =surf the Internet 14.the answer to+名词： 的答案16.the best way to do sth: 做某事的 最好 方式名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - The best way to learn English is speaking English. 学习英语的最好方法是说英语 .17.such as比如 （后跟名词或
15、名词短语）for example 例如（后跟句子）He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他宠爱水果,例如苹果、香蕉等；He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes.19.more than =over 超过,余外go to the dentist 去看牙医 Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister. 本单元的话题：谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级；本单元的语法：学习形容词比较级；（语法：见课本
16、第113 页至 115 页）本单元的短语和学问点：1.play+the + 乐器 play the drums 打鼓 比较 play + 球类 play basketball 打篮球both and 两者都 后面的动词用复数形式 Both Tom and Jim are students.3.be good at+名词 代词 V ing: 善于,在某方面做得好7.be like: 像 The books are like friends. 书像伴侣；8.make friends with sb ：（和某人）交伴侣enjoy doing sth: 宠爱做某事9.be different from
17、 与 不同My brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样；10.help sb to do sth:帮忙某人做某事常与 help sb with sth 在某方面帮忙某人 互换 He often helps me （to） learn English. 他经常帮忙我学习英语；= He often helps me with my English. 他常常在英语方面帮忙我；help to do sth: 帮忙做某事He often helps（ to）cook at home.他常常在家帮忙做饭；13.be good with sb: 与某人相处很好 14.in
18、formation （n.消息,信息）不行数名词Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater.本单元的话题：谈论事物对比,学习形容词和副词的最高级；本单元的语法：学习形容词和副词的最高级；本单元的短语和学问点：1.welcome to+ 地点：欢迎来到某地Welcome to our school. 欢迎来我校；2.What do you think of sth.=How dou you like sth.你认为 .怎么样？more and 3.watch sb do sth:观察某人做了某事（= see sb do sth ）4.比较级别+and+比较级：越来越
19、（如比较级为more+形容词原级,就为：more 形容词原级） The buildings are taller and taller. Our school is getting more and more beautiful.5.around the world 全世界 =all over the world, such as 例如Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show.本单元的话题：谈论自己对天使节目或电影的喜好,学会表达自己的感受；本单元的语法：复习一般现在时；本单元的短语和学问点：1. What do you think of sth.=How
20、 dou you like sth. 你认为 怎么样？What do you think of the movie. 你认为这部电影怎么样？It is boring. 很无聊；2.mind doing sth: 介意做某事 3. news 不行数名词,消息,信息 a piece of good news 一条好消息 4.learn sth from sb: 向某人学习（某物）5.plan to do sth: 方案做某事（ plan 的过去式 planned,现在分词 planning ）6.hope to do sth:期望做某事名师归纳总结 8.favorite 形容词,最宠爱的= lik
21、e best第 3 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - My favorite shows are talk shows. 我最宠爱的节目是谈话节目；=I like talk shows best.9.expect to do sth: 期望做某事10.think of 认为,想起He often thinks of his teachers. 11.in the 1930s:在二十世纪三十岁月（1930 年至 1939 年）10.12.one of +可数名词复数： 之一（该短语放在句首做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式）One of th
22、e students has an English dictionary. 这些同学中一个人有英语字典；14.luck 名词,幸运 ,运气 lucky 形容词 ,幸运的 -unlucky 形容词 ,不幸的 15.be ready to do sth 愿意做某事16.try ones best （to do sth）:尽力（做某事）Unit6 Im going to study computer science.本单元的话题：谈论自己将来的方案或准备；本单元的语法：学习一般将来时 be going to do sth；本单元的短语和学问点：1.词性转换： science 名词,科学 scient
23、ist（名词,科学家）violin （名词,小提琴）-violinst （名词,小提琴家）piano（名词,钢琴）- pianist （名词,钢琴家） 2.grow up 成长,长大 3.be good at+ 名词 代词 动词 +ing: 善于 He is good at math,but he isnt good at speaking English. 他善于数学,但是不善于说英语；4.keep on doing sth: 连续做某事5.be sure about:确信,对 有把握His mother isn t sure about his study.他的妈妈对他的学习没有把握；6.
24、 move to +地点：搬（家）到某地 7. take singingacting lessons上唱歌课 上表演课=have singingacting lessons 8. send sb sth = send sth to sb寄 送给某人某物His grandfather often sends him money ； = His grandfather often sends money to him. 9. learn to do sth 学会做某事10. play the piano 弹钢琴make the soccer team 组建足球队get good grades 取得
25、好的成果eat healthier food 吃更健康的食品get lots of exercise 进行大量锤炼11. foreign language 外国语言12. study hard 努力学习most of the time 大多数时间14. get back from+ 地点：从 回来He will get back from Beijing in 3 days.at the beginning of 在 开头的时候 , write down 写下 /登记,17. different kinds of 不同种类的have to do with 关于,与 有关系 ,take up 开
26、头从事20. too+形容词 +to do sth：太 以至于不能 so+形容词 +that+句子：如此 以至于 形容词 +enough to do sth：足够 能够做某事（留意三个句型有时可以相互转换）He is so young that he cant go to school. 他如此年轻以至于不能去上学；= He is too young to go to school. 他太年轻了以至于不能去上学；= He isnt old enough to go to school.22.make sb+形容词：让某人怎么样 名词）The good news made us happy. （
27、留意： news 为不行数23.how to do better at school 为“ 疑问词 +不定式 ” 即“ 疑问词 +to do sth”He didn t know when to start. 他不知道什么时候开头；24.go to university 去上高校Unit 7 Will people have robots.本单元的话题：谈论对将来的语言,学习一般将来时 will do sth ；本单元的语法：学习一般将来时 will do sth ；一般将来时由 “ 助动词 will / shall + 动词原型 ” 构成,表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将
28、来的时间状语如tomorrow 、next week,in 2 days2 天之后 等连用；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （Shall 用于第一人称,will 可以用于各种人称； ）will not= won t一般疑问句：把确定句中的will 提到句首即可；以上两句的一般疑问句为：Will you visit the old man next week. Yes,we will.No, we wont . 否定句：把确定句中的 will 变为 wont 即可；以上两句的否定句为：We wont visit t
29、he old man next week. She wont finish the work in 2 weeks.本单元的短语和学问点：1.There be 结构： There beis/are/was/were+ 某物 /某人 +某地 /某时“ There be 结构 ” 的一般现在时：There is/are+某物 /某人 +某地 /某时There are 600 students in our school.在我们学校有 600 个同学；一般过去时： There was/were+某物 /某人 +某地 /某时There was a school ten years ago.一般将来时：
30、 There will be+ 某物 /某人 +某地 /某时 .= There is going to be+ 某物 /某人 +某地 /某时. There will be a sport meeting next week.=There is going to be a sport meeting next weeek. 下周将有场运动会；2.on computers 在电脑上 , on paper 在纸上3.a few + 可数名词复数：有一些、有几个a little + 不行数名词：有一些few +可数名词复数：几乎没有（表示否定）little+ 不行数名词：几乎没有（表示否定）many+
31、 可数名词复数：很多,很多few 的比较级是fewer ,little 的比较级是less much+不行数名词：很多,很多manymuch 的比较级都是moreThere will be less polution in the future. 在将来将会有更少的污染；（ polution 为不行数名词）We should plant more trees. 我们应当种更多的树； （tree 为可数名词）There will be fewer cars in the future. 在将来将会有更少的汽车；（car 为可数名词）4.in（great）danger 在（极度）危急中 on th
32、e earth 在地球上 save the earth 挽救地球6.in+一段时间：在 之后（多用于一般将来时）He will come back in 2 days.两天之后他将回来；How soon will he come back.多久他将回来？句型 There isare sb doing sth.有某人正在做某事；There is a cat eating fish.10. hundreds of+名词：成百上千的 ,很多 （表示模糊数字）数字 + hundred +名词：几百 （表示详细数字）He has hundreds of book.他有很多书； He bought two
33、 hundred books. 他买了二百本书；12.at some point: 在某些方面free time 闲暇时间in ones free time 在某人闲暇时间Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake.本单元的话题：描述做事情的次序和过程；本单元的语法：复习一般现在时；本单元的短语和学问点：（First 第一 ,Next 下面 ,Then 然后 ,Finally 最终）1P57,1a turn on 打开 turn up 调大turn off 关上 turn down 调小2. How many+ 可数名词复数：多少How much+ 不
34、行数名词：多少He has eight books.他有八本书；3. 量词的用法：不行数名词常用How many books does he have.他有多少本书？“ 数字 +量词 +不行数名词 ” 来表示；如：a piece of bread 一片面包 比较： two pieces of bread 两片面包（ bread 为不行数名词）a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁one spoon of butter 一勺黄油名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5.one more thing = ano
35、ther one thing 基数词+ more + 名词= another + 基数词+ 名词：又多少某物 He ate an apple,he wanted to eat two more apples.7.Its time for sb to do sth 是某人该做某事的时间了；Its time for us to have lunch.Its time for sth 是该做某事的时间了；It s time for the class.是该上课的时候了；Unit 9 Can you come to my party.本单元的话题：学会发出、接受或拒绝邀请；本单元的短语和学问点：本单元
36、的语法：复习情态动词；1.on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午,在详细哪一天的是上午、下午或晚上用 on,2. have to 必需（后跟动词原形）He has to get up early.他必需早起；（一般疑问句）Does he get up early. Yes,he does.No,he doesnt. （否定句） He doesnt have to get up early.他没有必要早起；4. sth=want sth 想要某物 Jim would like a new pen . Would like to do sth=want to do sth 想做某
37、事 Hed like to watch TV.Would you like to do sth . 你情愿做 .？（用来提出建议或征求对方看法）-would you like to go shopping with me . 你想和我一起去买东西吗？-Yes,I d love to ,but Im doing my homework. 我想去 ,但是我现在正在做家庭作业；=Sorry, I m doing my homework. 特别愧疚,我正在做家庭作业；5.prepare for sth 为 做预备go to the doctor 去看病 have the flu 患流感 help my
38、 parents 给父母帮忙 have an exam考试6. until 的用法 :如动词为连续性动词就用确定句式He studied until 21:00pm. 他始终学习到晚上九点；如动词为非连续性动词,就用not .until .（直到；才；）He didn t go to bed until his father came back. 他始终到他爸爸回来才上床睡觉；10.study for a math test 为数学考试做预备 go to the party 参与聚会11.Whats today.今日几号？ Its Monday,the 14th. 今日星期一,十四号；补充：
39、what day is it today. 今日星期几？it s Monday 今日星期一；Whats the date today.今日几月几日？Its October 20th .今日 10 月 20 日；12.go to the doctor 去看病 have a piano lesson上钢琴课13.look after 照看,照管 = take care of She is old to look after his brother 她足够大了能够照看她的弟弟；take good care of =look after well 好好照管,好好照管We should take goo
40、d care of the children.= We should look after the children well.感叹句的类型： What aan+adj+可数名词单数（+主语 +谓语）！What +adj+ 可数名词复数不行数名词（+主语 +谓语）！What a fine day it is . 多么好的天啊！（day 为可数名词单数）What an interesting book it is . 多么好玩的一本书啊！（book 为可数名词单数）What beautiful flowers they are . 多么美丽的花啊！What bad weather it is.
41、多么糟糕的天气啊！（ How +adj + 主语 +（谓语中的）系动词！（flowers 为可数名词复数）weather 为不行数名词）How +adv + 主语 +（谓语中的）实义动词！How happy I am. 我多麽兴奋啊！（happy 为 adj,am 为系动词）How hard they are working . 他们工作多么努力啊！（hard 为 adv,work 为实义动词）名师归纳总结 点拨：陈述句改为感叹句,可以采纳“ 一判、二定、三移” ；第 6 页,共 12 页一判：是判定出陈述句谓语动词后的中心词的词性（adjadvn）；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 -
42、 - - - - - - - - 二定：是依据判定出来的结果来确定引导词（中心词为名词用 词用 How ；）三移：就是把主语和谓语移到后面；What；中心词为形容词或副留意：在感叹句中,不得显现 so,very,very much 等表示程度的单词；例如： Our school is beautiful .一判： beautiful 为形容词；二定：beautiful 为形容词,用How 来引导；三移：把Our school is 移到 How beautiful 后面,即为感叹句 He is a clever boy.How beautiful our school is.一判： boy 为
43、名词；二定：boy 为名词,用 What 来引导；三移：把 He is 移到 What a clever boy 后面,即为感叹句 What a clever boy he is.He studies English well.一判： well 为副词；二定：well 为副词,用 How 来引导；三移：把 He studies 移到 How well 后面,即为感叹句 How well he studies. 练习：将以下句子变为感叹句； The room is very bright. We live a happy life today. It is a nice present. Thi
44、s is difficult problem. She played the piano wonderfully.16.）the best way to do sth: 做某事的（最好）方法 17.thanks for+ 名词 V .ing:为什么而感谢 18.take a trip 参与郊游, at the end of this month 在本月底19.go back to+地点：回到某地 He will go back to Beijing in 2 days. 两天后他将回北京；20.have a surprise party for sb 为某人举办一个惊喜的晚会21.without+ 名词 代词 V .ing：没有 He can t finish the work without our help.（help 为名词）He went