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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思名师讲解中学英语词性系列之介词一些简单混淆的介词1. 表示时间的 at 、on、in 的用法区分at 主要表示：1 在某详细时刻之前,如 at seven o clock , at 7 ：30；2 在固定短语中,如：at noon ,at night, at that time, at the age of at the weekend,at Christmas；On用来表示“ 在 天”,如： On Monday,On May lst,On Children s Day；in 用来表示：1 在某年、某月、某
2、季节；2 在段时间之后,如：in two hours,in a few days；,留意：在纯粹地表示在上午/ 下午 / 晚上时,用in the morning/afternoon/evening但在某一天的上午、下午、晚上前要用介词of Children s Day ；on；如： on Monday morning ,on the morning2. 表示地点的 at , in ,on 的用法区分1 at 通常指小地方,in 一般指大地方；2 at 所指范畴不太明确,in 指“ 在 里”；3 in 指在内部, on 指“ 在 之上”；3. 表示“ 一段时间” 的 for 与 since 的用
3、法区分for 后面接时间段,since 之后接时间点；4. 表示时间的 before 与 by 的用法区分before 与 by 都可表示“ 在 之前”,但 by 含有“ 不迟于 ”、“ 到 为止” 的意思；假如 by 后是将来的时间,就与将来时连用,如 by 后是过去的时间,就与过去完成时连用；5.over与 aboveunder与 below over ,above 都表示 “ 在 的上面”,over 表示“ 正上方” ,而 above 只表示 “ 在上方”但不肯定在“ 正上方”；above 仍可表示温度、水位等“ 高于”,over 仍可表示“ 越过 ”；over 的反义词是under ,
4、above 的反义词是below. 例如：There is a bridge over the river 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Our plane flew above the clouds. 6. 表示“ 用” 的with ,by, in 的用法;by 表示使用的方法、 手段 ;in指使用某种语言；with 多指用工具, 用身体的部位或器官如：We see with our eyes. We go there by bike. Please say it out
5、in English. He cut it open with a knife. 介词的省略表示时间介词at, on, in 的省略1 在 next, last, this, these, today, yesterday, tomorrow, one, every, eac h, all 等词前 , 一般不用 at, in, on. 2 在某些名词词组前 re last 常见搭配1. 动词 +介词,如：, 可以省略 也可不省 如: on that day, inthe year befolisten to, laugh at, write to, hear from, get to, loo
6、k at, shout at, shout to, knock at, look for, look at, ask for, wait for, get on, get to, put on, tur n on, operate on, take off, turn off, learn from, worry about . 2. 形容词 +介词,如：afraid of, full of, angry with, strict with, busy with, good at, good/bad f or, late for, sorry for, ready for, famous fo
7、r, polite to, far from. 3. 名词 +介词 / 介词 +名词key to, visit to, at home, in surprise, after class, for ever, on time, at last, at first, for example. 名师归纳总结 be worth doing 值得做什么第 2 页,共 5 页be used to doing sth 习惯做某事mind +doing /从句 / 名词不要介意 enjoy +doing 喜爱finish 完成 +doing （名词）have fun +doing 玩得兴奋- - - - -
8、 - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思have （good/ wonderful/ hard）time +doing V-ing 形式作宾语的动词有mind, escape, practise, enjoy, finish, miss, consider, stand, suggest, keep, imagine, fancy, mention, admit, avoid, delay, dislike, deny, risk, appreciate, recommend, resist, resume, forgive, repor
9、t, include, excuse, understand, complete, endure, prevent, recall, advise但 advice sb to do, allow 但 allow sb to do, permit 但 permit sb to do, forbid 但 forbid sb to do 词组（不包括明显介词结尾的词组）：keep on, insist on, feel like, give up, put off, burst out, set about, be worth, canhelp, be busy, have difficulty/t
10、rouble in 词组有 明显介词结尾的词组：dream of/about, think of, think about, succeed in, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, thank somebody for, excuse for, apologize to sb for, be tired of, be fond of, be sure of, what how about, a way of, have the idea of, cant do something without, in hopes/the hope of
11、, with/for the purpose of 含介词 to 接 doing 的动词词组object to, be/get used to, look forward to, be devoted to, devote oneself to, come close to, pay attention to, get down to, be reduced to 被迫、沦落到 的地步 , take to 变得喜爱、开头常常 , fall to 开头 , lead to, be opposed to, come to 接近,差一点 , refer to, agree to 同意某个观点 , b
12、e on the way to 就要 be used to cant help cant stand give up go on feel like keep on insist on look forward to put off devote to stick to object to thank you for be busy get down to have difficut/trouble good practice +doing 练习做某事sb spend sometimein doing sth 花了多少时间做某事stop sbfrom doing 阻挡某人做某事admit to
13、 prefer to lead to stick to look forward to （to 为介词）Its worth cant help Its no use /good be tired of be fond of be afraid of be proud of think of / about hold off put off keep on insist on be successful in good at take up give up prevent from 0 1.remember to do 记得去做某事未做 remember doing 记得做过某事已做 Remem
14、ber to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Dont you remember seeing the man before. 2.你不记得以前见过那个人吗.未做 forget to do 遗忘要去做某事；forget doing 遗忘做过某事；已做 The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯仍在
15、亮着,它遗忘关了；没有做关灯的动作 He forgot turning the light off. 他遗忘他已经关了灯了； 已做过关灯的动作 Dont forget to come tomorrow. 3.别忘了明天来；to come 动作未做 已做 regret to do 对要做的事遗憾；未做 regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、懊悔；I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遗憾必需这样去做,我实在没有方法；I dont regret telling her what I thought. 我不为告知她我的想法而懊悔
16、；4.cease to do 长时间,甚至永久停做某事；cease doing 短时停止做某事,以后仍会接着做；That department has ceased to exist forever. 那个部门已不复存在；The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by. 姑娘们在老师走过时,停了会谈天；5.try to do 努力,妄想做某事；try doing 试验,试着做某事；You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加当心；I tried gardening but d
17、idnt succeed. 我试着种果木花卉,但未胜利6.go on to do 做了一件事后,接着做另一件事；go on doing 连续做原先做的事；After he had finished his maths,he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后,他接着去做物理；Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one. 作完这个练习后,接着做其他的练习7.be afraid to do 不敢,害怕去做某事,是主观上的缘由不去做,意为 怕；be afraid of doing 担忧显
18、现 doing的状况、结果；doing 是客观上造成的,意为生怕,唯恐 ；She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake. 她生怕被蛇咬着,而不敢在草丛中再走一步；She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫；She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之
19、法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思8.interested to do 对做某事感爱好,想明白某事；interested in doing 对某种想法感爱好,doing 通常为想法；I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道发生了什么事；想明白 Im interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that. 9.我对在瑞士工作感爱好；你想过这事吗. 一种想法 mean to do 准备、想mean doing 意味着I mean to go, but my
20、father would not allow me to. 我想去,但是我父亲不愿让我去；To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 赠加工资意味着增加购买力；10. begin / start to do sth begin / start doing sth. 1 谈及一项长期活动或开头一种习惯时,使用 doing. How old were you when you first started playing the piano. 你几岁时开头弹钢琴？2 begin, start 用进行时时,后面动词用不定式 to do I was
21、beginning to get angry；我开头生起气来；3 在 attempt, intend, begin, start 后接 know, understand, realize这类动词时,常用不定式 to do ；I begin to understand the truth；我开头明白真相；4 物作主语时It began to melt11. 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性,真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我观察他在花园里干活了；强调 我观察了 这个事实 I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调 我见他正干活 这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活名师归纳总结 12. stop to do 停止,中断做某事后去做另一件事；第 5 页,共 5 页stop doing 停止做某事；They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来,抽了根烟；I must stop smoking. 我必需戒烟了- - - - - - -