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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词,因此这种从句叫名词性从句；（一）主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句；一. that 引导的主语从句that 引导主语从句时, that 不做成分,也没有意义,但不能省略；that 引导的主语从句可用形式主语 it 代替,而把 that 从句置于句尾；That light travels in straight lines is known to all.众所周知,光沿直线传播；可转换为： Its known to all that light
2、 travels in straight lines. it 用作形式主语,代替主语从句的句型； it+be+形容词 +主语从句（这类形容词有 probable ,evident ,likely, possible ,important, necessary ）It is certain that free medical care will be given to most people in our city. （译） it+be+名词词组 +主语从句（这类名词有 a shame ,a pity, an honour 等）It is a pity that you missed the e
3、xciting football match. it+be+过去分词 +主语从句（ announced, believed, reported, said, expected等）It is said that Li Hao has been to Europe. It + 不及物动词 +主语从句,这类不及物动词有（It seemed that h e didn t tell the truth.二. whether引导的主语从句 whether 意为“ 是否” ,在从句中不担当句子成分；seem, happen, appear ）Whether life exits on other plan
4、ets is not clear.其他星球上是否存在生命不清晰；三. 连接代词引导的主语从句 , 在从句中担任主语、宾语,表语或定语；Which plan is better should be discussed.应当谈论哪一个方案更好 Whoever comes to China is welcome. 无论谁来中国都欢迎；四. 连接副词引导的主语从句 , 在从句中担任状语；When and where we will hold the meeting hasn t decided 我们何时何地举办会议仍没打算；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 -
5、 - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载学习主语从句应留意：1. 主语从句的语序 :主语从句为陈述语序,而不是疑问语序；What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well；使我感到惊奇的是这个小女孩的小提琴拉得这么好；2. 主语从句的主谓一样 由 that,where,when,why,how,whether,whenever 等引导的单个名词性从 句作主语时,主句的谓语通常用单数形式；That we need more books is quite obvious. 我们需要更
6、多的书,这是很明显的 但由 and连接的多个从句作主语时,主句的谓语通常用复数形式；What you said and what you did were different；你言行不一；（二）宾语从句 在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句叫宾语从句；宾语从句的引导词有：连词 that,if/whether; 连接代词 who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever;连 接副词 when, where, how, why 等；一 宾语从句的种类1. 动词的宾语从句 He doesnot know where the post office is
7、.他不知道邮局在哪里；Make sure all the lighta are turned off before you leave.走之前务必要关灯；2. 介词的宾语从句通常情形下介词之后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句,少数几个介词加except,but,beside,in 等后可接 that 引导的宾语从句；Did she say anything about how we should do the work. 关于这工作我们该怎么做她说什么没有？3. 形容词的宾语从句 在 sure,certain, afraid, glad, happy, surprised, pleased,
8、 confident 表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句；I am afraid that I have made a mistake.唯恐我犯了一个错误；She is very glad that she has passed the exam. 她很兴奋她考试及格了；二 学习宾语从句应留意名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载1. it 做形式宾语 在动词 短语 enjoy, love, hate, appreciate, see to, insist on, depend on , rely on 等
9、 带宾语从句时,习惯上在从句前加形式宾语 it；I will apprciate it if you can give me a hand. 假如你能帮我一把,我会很感谢；2. 宾语从句的语序：宾语从句不论有连接代词仍是连接副词引导,都要用陈述句语序；Can you tell me who he is . 你能告知我他是谁吗？3. 宾语从句的时态 如主句是现在时,就宾语从句时态不限,可视情形使用所需要的时态；如主句 是过去时,就宾语从句应与主句时态保持一样,即用过去时态的适当形式；I hear that Wen Bo will go to American next year.我听说文博明年要
10、去美国；Mike told me that he had had lunch/ he was having lunch/ he was going to have lunch. 迈克告知我他吃过午饭了（三）表语从句/他在吃午饭 /他准备吃午饭；表语从句放在系动词的后面,在复合句中做句子的表语；引导表语从句的词有：连词 that, whether, as if; 连 接 代 词 whowhom, what, which, whose, whoeverwhomever, whatever, whichever; 连接副词 when, where, why ; as, because也可引导表语从句
11、留意：在表语从句,表示“ 是否”,用 whether, 不能用 if；The problem is whether it is true.问题是它是否是真的；that 在表语从句中不做成分,不行省；我们的方案是我们一周去哪里一次；Our plan is that we ll go there once a week. thats why 引导表语从句：“ 那就是 的缘由” （跟结果）That was why I came late. thats because引导表语从句：“ 那是由于 ”（跟缘由）That was because I got up late. the reason why引导
12、定语从句：“ 的缘由是 ”The reason why I came late was that I got up late. （四）同位语从句名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载一 定义在复合句中, 跟在一个名词后, 对其进一步说明说明的从句叫同位语从句；同位语从句一般跟在某些名词的后面,用以说明说明前面名词的内容； 后面常跟同位语从句的名词有： advice,proposal,suggestion（建议）,belief（信仰）,chance（机会）,decision（打算）,fact（事实）,id
13、ea ,opinion（观点）,message（信 息）,news,word（消息）,plan（方案）,possibility（可能性）,thought（想法）,wish（希望）,promise（承诺）,order（命令）,theory（理论）,doubt（怀疑）等；There is no doubt that the price of wheat will go up；毫无疑问,小麦的价格将会上涨；三 同位语从句和定语从句的区分 The news that China won the game made me excited 中国赢得竞赛的消息让我很是兴奋（同位语从句）The news th
14、at you heard is not true；你所听到的消息不真实； （定语从句）四 学习同位语从句应留意在有些名词后的同位语从句中,其谓语动词应用（should）+动词原形的虚拟语气,这些词有：建议（suggestion；advice；proposal）,要求（demand；requirement；request）,打算（ decision）,命令（ order）,劝说（ recommendation）等 The suggestion that a new bridge （should） be built was accepted. 修建一座新桥的建议被接受了名词 doubt 后面的同位
15、语从句,确定时用whether,否定时用 that 引导；We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.我们怀疑他们能否按时完成任务；There is no doubt that he will keep his promise.他将遵守诺言,这是毫无疑问的；五. 名词性从句引导词 that 与 what 的区分：引导词 句法功能 省略情形that 不作任何句子成分 引导宾语从句可以省略 从句是并列句时 ,其次个分句前的 that 不行省 名师归纳总结 what 主语、宾语、表语、定语不能省略第 4 页,共 8 页-
16、 - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载名词性从句专项训练1The limits of a person intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why （2022 安徽）2 .Evidence has been found through years of study_ children ea
17、rly sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. A. why B. how C. whether D. that （2022 重庆）3. It is by no means clear_ the president can do to end the strike. A. how B. which C. that D. what（2022 全国）4.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differ
18、ently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether 2022 北京 5. We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever2022 福建 6.As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. 2022 陕西 A. whatever B. whichever C.
19、whenever D. wherever 7. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how B. whether C. what D. why 2022 山东 8.Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time. A. why B. how C. whether D. when 2022 湖南 9.It doesnt matte
20、r _ you turn right or lef t at the crossingboth roads lead to the park. A. whether B. how C. if D. when 2022 天津 10It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office. A. whether B. where C. which D. that 2022 江西 11The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he coul
21、d 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever2022 辽宁 12 Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers. A. when B. how C. that D. whether 2022 四川 13 made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year
22、 in high school, would be different. 2022 浙江 A. whether B. what C. that D. how 14The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed. 2022 江苏 A. when B. that C. whether D. how 15. We haven t discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.A. that B. which C. what D.
23、where（10 全国）16. The shocking news mad me realize _ terrible problems we would face. （2022 北京卷）A. what B. how C. that D. why 17. There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 2022 上海卷 A. what B. if C. how D. that 18. The message you intend to convey through
24、words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand. A. why B. that C. which D. what 2022 上海卷 19. I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why（2022 山东卷）20. We ve offered her the job, but I donknow_ she ll accept it.
25、（2022 山东卷）名师归纳总结 A. where B. what C. whether D. which 第 6 页,共 8 页21. The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载江西卷）A. this B. that C. what D. which 22. It was never clear _ the man hadn 江苏卷）t reported the accident sooner. （202
26、2A. that B. how C. when D. why 23. His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what （2022 安徽卷）24. Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which（2022 四川卷）25
27、. Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read first. A. what B. who C. how D. why（2022 辽宁卷）26. When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army. （2022 辽宁卷）A. since B. which C. that D. because27. Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can l
28、ead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where（2022 天津卷）28. Id like to start my own business _ I that d do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what（2022 陕西卷）29. It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C.
29、which D. where（2022 重庆卷）30. It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life. A. whose B. what C. which D. that（2022 重庆卷）31. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why 2022湖南卷 32. We should respe
30、ct food and think about the people who dont have_we have here and treat food nicely. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载A. that B. which C. what D. whether（10 福建）33 Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew_she was so angry. A. where B.
31、 whether C. that D. why （10 湖南）34As a new graduate, he doesnt know_ it takes to start a business here. A. how B. what C. When D. which（10 天津）35 _some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How 2022 北京 36How about camping this weekend, just for a c
32、hange. OK, _you want. Awhichever Bhowever Cwhatever Dwhoever（10 浙江）37 It is uncertain _side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. Athat Bwhat Chow Dwhether（10 浙江）38. One reason for her preference for city life is _she can have easy access to places
33、 like shops and restaurants. A. that B. how C. what D. why（10 上海）39. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which（10 山东）40. I want to be liked and loved for_I am inside. （10 湖北）名师归纳总结 A. who B. where C. what D. how第 8 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -