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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载现在进行时1)现在进行时的构成:Am/is/ are+ v-ing 是现在进行时的构成形式v-ing 现在分词的构成:一般情形. +ing falling 以不发音字母e 结尾的单词去 e, +ing having 以重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾双写词尾字母 +ing putting 只有一个辅音字母时什么是音节?闭音节?重读闭音节?1,英语单词是由字母组成的,字母构成音节;一般来讲有一个元音就是一个音节;含一个元音的词叫作单音节词,含两个或两个以上元音的单词叫作双音节或多音节词;单音节词都是重读音节,双音节和多音节词中一般有一
2、个重读音节,其他的是弱读音节;2,闭音节:闭音节是两个辅音中间有一个元音的音节;例如:not,thank,ten, am,six 等; 3,重读闭音节是需要重读的闭音节,假如是单音节肯定重读,但是重读符号省略 ;假如是多音节,肯定有一个需要重读;重读闭音节(辅音 1+元音 +辅音 2)中的辅音 2 在构词法中要双写,假如不重读,如listen 中的其次个音节 ten闭音节 中的 n 就不用双写,由于重读在第一个音节 lis 上有一些特别变化 或者说以 Ie 为结尾的重读闭音节的动词 的现在分词有 3 个 ,:lying lie, dying die tying tie 这些以 ie 结尾要去
3、e 再把 I 变 y 再加 ing2 现在进行时的基本用法1表示说话时正在进行的动作常和 now 连用,有时用一个动词如look (看)、listen(听)来表示now(现在)这一时间概念;Look ! A train is coming. 看!火车来了Listen!He is playing the piano. 听!他在弹钢琴;2表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但不肯定是说话时正在进行;常和 状语连用;at present(目前)、this week(本周)、these days(这几天)等时间What lesson are you studying this week ?你们本周学哪一课了?(
4、说话时并不在学)3 现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按方案或支配要进行的动作即是说可以用来代替将来时,但此时, 一般要与表示将来的时间状语连用,而且仅限于少量动词;如:go(去)、come(来)、leave(离开)、start(开头)、arrive(到达)、return(返回)、sleep(睡觉)、Are you going to Tianjing tomorrow?你明天去天津吗?4How many of you are Coming to the party next week? 你们有多少人下周要来参与晚会?be going to+ 动词原形这一句型表示即将发生的事或准备(预备)做的事
5、,我们把它归在将来时里了;(详见第十章将来时)she isnt going to speak at the meeting.她不准备在会议上发言;留意: 假如没有表示将来时间的状语,此类句子就可能指现在或现阶段的动作;Where are you going next week ?下周你方案去哪儿?用现在进行时表示将来时,由于有 Where are you going ?你现在去哪儿?next week(下周)这一时间状语;由于没有表示将来时的时间状语,所以就按句型来翻译,即现在进行时;5 一般现在时和现在进行时的区分 一般现在时表示常常性的动作;而现在进行时表示临时性的动作;He walks
6、to work. 他步行上班; (习惯、常常性的动作)Hes walking to work because his bike is being repaired. 名师归纳总结 他现在走着上班,由于他的自行车正在修理;(只是临时的情形)第 1 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Where does he live?他家住在哪儿?(询问一般的情形)Where is he living (staying)?他这几天住在哪儿?(询问临时一段时间的情形)6现在进行时有时可用来代替一般现在时,表达说话人的某种感惰,使句子有剧烈的
7、感情颜色;常与 always,forever 连用;You are always forgetting the important thing. 你总是把重要的事情忘掉;(表达出不满的心情)Mary is doing fine work at school. 玛丽在学校学习得挺不错;现在进行时练习 1. 造句 : 1.she,the window,open,now.用现在进行时连词成句._she is opening the window now_ 2.is,who,the window,cleaning. 3.She is closing the door now.连词成句 _ 改成否定句
8、_ 4.You are doing your homework. 用I 作主语改写句子 _ 5.they,the tree,sing,now,under. 用现在进行时连词成句 ._ _ 6.The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman. 改成一般疑问句 二、单项挑选()1. 我在照看孩子 . AI am looking after the baby.BIm look aftering the baby. CI look am aftering the baby.DI looking after the baby. 2._friends making
9、_a kite. AI,me BMy,my CMy,me DHis,his 3.Is the woman wearing_ yellow your teacher. Ain Bputting on Cwearing Dhaving 4.Look.The twins_their mother do the housework. Aare wanting BhelpCare helping Dare looking 5._are the birds doing. They are singing in a tree. AWho BWhat CHow DWhere 6.Is she_somethin
10、g. Aeat Beating Ceatting Deats 7. 你在干什么 . AWhat is you doing. BWhat are you do. CWhat are you doing. DWhat do you do. 8.What are you listening_. A/ Bfor Cat Dto 9.我正在听他说话. AI listening to him. BIm listening to him. CIm listen to him. DIm listening him. 10.They are_their clothes. Amakeing Bputting Cp
11、ut away Dputting on 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 11.Listen. She_in the classroom. Ais singing Bsing Cto sing Dis sing 12.Today Jim_ his white shirt and brown trousers. Ais putting on Bwear Cput on Dis wearing 13._are you eating.Im eating_meat. AWhat,some BWhich,a
12、ny CWhere,not DWhat,a 14.They_TV in the evening.They do their homework. Aare watching Bcant watching Cdont watch Ddont watching 15.The children_football. Ais playing Bare playing Cplay the Dplay a 16.They are flying kites. A他们喜爱放风筝. B他们在放风筝吗. C他们在放风筝 . D他们常放风筝 . 17.Look,They are swimming in the rive
13、r. I want_you. A To go with Bgo with Chelping Dhelp 18.Look.Lucy is_a new bike today. A Jumping B running C riding D taking 三、用现在进行时完成以下句子 : 1. What_you_do. 2. I_sing an English song. 3. What_he_mend. 4. He_ mend a car. 5._you_ fly a kite. Yes,_. 6._she_ sit in the boat. 7._you_ask questions. 8. We_
14、play games now. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载参考答案1、She is opening the window now. Who is cleaning the window. She is not closing the door now. I am doing your homework. They are singing under the tree now. Are the Young Pioneers helping the old woman. 二、单项挑选 ACCCB
15、 BCDBD ADABB CAB 三、用现在进行时完成以下句子: 、 is mending 4、is mending 5、 Are flying I am 1、are doing 2、 am singing 36、Is sitting 7、 Are asking 8、are playing 现在完成时现在完成时的基本概念和形式 现在完成时( Present perfect tense)表示动作发生在过去,但与现在情形有关系,即用一个 发生在过去的动作来说明现在的情形;现在完成时由动词 have has + 过去分词构成;现在完成时的基本用法1表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚完成,汉语常用 I h
16、ave finished my work. 我把工作做完了;“ 了” 或“过” 来表示;如:We have set up many new factories in this area.我们在这个地区建立了很多新工厂;She has read all these books.她把这些书都读完了;2动作在过去完成,表示“体会 ”或“ 结果 ”;汉语常用 “ 过”来表示;如:Have you ever seen the play The Dolls House. 你看过话剧傀儡家庭吗 . Yes,I have seen it twice. 我看过两遍了;I have learnt to drive
17、. 我学过开车;The man has lived in China. 那人在中国住过;注 留意 be 在下面句子中的意义;如:Where have you been. Ive been to the laboratory. 你上哪儿去了 . 到试验室去了;Have you ever been to Hangzhou. ,Ive never been there.你到过杭州吗 . 没到过;How have you been.Ive been well thank you. 你近来身体好吗 . 感谢你,我近来很好;现在完成时与过去一般时的区分 现在完成时和过去一般时都表示在过去完成的动作,但现在
18、完成时强调这一动作与现在的关 系,如对现在产生的结果、影响等,而过去一般时就表示动作发生在过去,一般不表示和现 在的关系;试比较:名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载1I have lost my pen. 我把钢笔丢了;意即仍没找到,现在我没有笔用; She lost her pen yes today.她昨天把笔丢了;笔是昨天丢的,现在找到与否,没有说明; 2I have been to the Agricultural Exhibition. 我看过这个农业展览会;强调我知道它的内容 I wen
19、t to the Agricultural Exhibition last week. 我上周参观了这个农业展览会;只说明我上周参观过展览会这件事 3 Who has opened the door. 谁把门开了 .现在门仍开着 Who opened the door. 谁开的门 .指过去,与现在无关; 现在门是关着仍是开着,没有说明; 4 A:Have you had your lunch. 你吃过年饭没有 .意即你现在不饿吗 . B:Yes,I have.吃了; 意即我现在饱了,不要再吃了; A:When did you have it 你什么时候吃的 .说话人感爱好的是“ 吃”这一动作发
20、生在什么时候; B:I had it about half an hour ago. 我是大约半小时前吃的;现在完成时的其他用法1仍可表示动作发生在过去,并且始终连续到现在, 甚至仍可能连续连续下去;这常常和 since所引导的短语或从句或 for 引导的短语连用 for 有时可以省去 ;How long have you been in Beijing . 久. 我在北京呆了四年;I have been in Beijing for four years. 你在北京呆了多Isaac s father has been a school teacher since 1968. 艾萨克的父亲从一
21、九六八年以来就当老师;We havent had a vacation for a long time. 我们好久没放假了;Three years have passed since we left school.我们毕业已经三年了;注但在下面的句子中,主句的谓语动词可以用现在一般时;如:It is three years since I began to work on the state farm. 我在国营农场工作已经三年了;美国英 语用 has been,下例同此 Its a long time since I saw you last. 好久没见了;2在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来完
22、成的动作;I ll go with you when I have finished my home work,我做完作业后就和你一块去;Well wait here until you have Written the letter. 我们将在这里等你写完信;ll know more English after I have learnt it for two years. 我学完两午后,懂的英语或许 Perhaps I就会多些了;现在完成时的时间状语问题1现在完成时说明的是现在的情形,是现在时态,因此不能和表示过去时间的状语如 yesterday,1asr month,three year
23、s ago,in l960 等连用;这些时间状语只能和过去时态连用,表示过去的动作;但现在完成时可和表示过去时间的副词 He has just come.他刚到;just 和 before 连用;如:We have seen the movie before,我们以前看过这个电影;2现在完成常常和表示不确定的时间的副词 often 等连用;如:already,never,ever, always,yet,not.yet,名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Have you ever been in a
24、 plane. 你坐过飞机吗 . The new books have not arrived yet. 新书仍没有到;The Xisha lslands have always been Chinese territory. 西沙群岛始终是中国的领土;Have you heard from him yet. 你接到他的信了吗 . They have already finished their experiment. 他们已经做完试验了;Many westerners have never seen a giant panda.很多西方人从没见过大熊猫;We have often been
25、to the Summer Palace.我们常到颐和园去玩;3现在完成时可以和包括“现在 ”在内的时间状语连用,如now,today,this month ,this year等;如:We have planted many fruit trees this year. 我们今年种了很多果树;Have you seen Benny today. 你今日见到本尼了吗 . Weve had a lot of rain this summer. 今年夏天雨下得很多;但如说话人所感爱好的只是在这段时间内发生了某一动作,而不是这一动作与现在的关系 时,须用过去时态;如:The conference o
26、pened this month.会议是本月开幕的;Their farm set up a pumping station this year. 他们农场今年新修了一个抽水站;现在完成时可和疑问副词 where,why ,how 连用,但通常不和疑问副词 when 连用when 一般只与过去时态连用 ;如:Where have you been. 你去哪儿了 .询问经过情形;如说 Why have you turned off the radio. 你干吗把收音机关了Where did you go.就只问地点 .强调和现在的关系,意即收音机关着;如说 Why did you turn off
27、 the radio. 就强调关收音机这一过去的动作;Sometime ”是个时间副词,意思是“在某时期 ”;这个字通常 和“ 日期 ”或“ 时间 ” 连用,显现在句子后半部,用来固定原来不愿定的时间或日期;例如: The accident happened sometime last month Let us discuss the matter sometime next week. * “Sometimes ”是个频率副词(adverb of frequency ),意思和“occasionally,或 “from time to time ”甚接近,就是“有时候 ”或 “有时 ” 之意
28、;“Sometimes ”和“sometime ”不但意思不同,所处的位置也不一样;“Sometimes ”可以在以下三处显现:句首,如:Sometimes, I didnt feel like working. 接系动词 “ be”之后,如:The new manager was sometimes very hot-tempered. 动词前,如:They sometimes stayed up until 2 oclock. 名师归纳总结 从这三个例子看,“ sometime”和“ sometimes”不但意思不同, 所处的位置也大相径庭;第 6 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -
29、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 就用途来说,学习必备欢迎下载“任何“ sometime”的用途广些;除了表示“在某时期”这意思之外,它也含有时候 ”的意义,如:* Come over and see me sometime. 这里的 “ sometime”,可以用 “ anytime ”代替,即:* Come over and see me anytime. 此外, “ sometime”可以当形容词用,意思是“以前的 ”,如:* Dr Chen, a sometime lecturer of chemistry, is now a big company director.
30、 这里的 “ sometime”不妨以另外一个形容词“ former ”或前缀 “ ex-”来取代:*Dr Chen, a former lecturer of chemistry, is now a big company director. * Dr Chen, an ex-lecturer of chemistry, is now a big company director. * 另外,“sometime ”和“some time的意思不同; “Sometime ”是“ 在某时期 ” ;“some time是“ 一段时间 ”,如:*All of us have studied Engl
31、ish for some time. * Betty has been grumbling for some time. * Please give me some time to think over your proposal. 由于 sometimes, sometime 和 some time 各有不同的意思,在同句里显现可以和平共处、相 安无事:* Sometimes, I spent some time reading a sometime English lecturers novel written sometime in 1996. (有时,我花了些时间阅读前英语讲师在1996 年某时期所撰写的一本小说)名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页