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1、- 1 - 基础英语 4 课程教案授课题目（教学章、节或主题） ：Unit 1 Thinking as a Hobby课时安排8 学时授课时间第一周 , 第二周教学目的和要求（分掌握、熟悉、了解三个层次）：1. 掌握 Master the key words, phrases and some useful sentence patterns in the text. 2 熟悉：Get familiar with rules of word formation ， grammatical points and understand the structure of the text 3了解：
2、Get to know something about the author and the three grades of thinking 教学内容（包括基本内容、重点、难点） ：1基本内容： Understand the whole text; Think about the meaning of thinking 2重点： key words, phrases and some useful sentence pattern lest, masterpiece, modest, muscular, patriotism, proficient, ruinous, spectacles,
3、 vanish acquaintance, centralized, compensation, compulsive, contemplate, contempt, contradiction, gloom, hideous, irresistible, 3难点： Grammarthe uses of being讲课进程和时间分配：Step 1Lead in (15 minuets)1. Warm-up activities; 2. Introductory Remarks; 3. Information related to the text; Step 2 Global Reading
4、(15minutes) 1. Part Division of the text 2. questions for discussion Step 3 Detailed Reading(200 minutes) 1. Language points; 2. Difficult sentences; 3. Questions about the text for discussion; 4. Grammar Step 4 After Reading (130minutes) 1. Discussion; 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
5、 - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 2 - 2. Make a summary of the text 3. Exercises in the textbook 讨论、思考题、作业：Assignments: 1.Student s book Page16: Exercises II Vocabulary 2.Student s book Pages 18-21 3. Translation: Page 17 Exercise 3 sentence 1，5，8，9+ Page 25 1 ，8，9 4. T
6、ranslation 4 on Page 25 Paragraph 3,4 参考资料（含参考书、文献等） ：Contemporary College English Intensive Reading: Teachers BookAdvanced Learners English-Chinese Dictionary On-line resource 授课类型（请打 ） ：理论课 讨论课 实验课 练习课 其他教学方式（请打 ） ：传统讲授 双语 讨论 示教 指导 其他 教学资源（请打 ） ：多媒体 模型 实物 挂图 音像 其他名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - -
7、 - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3 - Unit 1 Thinking as a Hobby by William Golding Teaching Objectives 1. Master the key words, phrases and some useful sentence patterns in the text. 2. Get familiar with rules of word formation ，grammatical points and under
8、stand the structure of the text 3. Get to know something about the author and the three grades of thinking Teaching Procedure Part I Background Information 1. About the author - Sir William Gerald Golding(September 19, 1911June 19, 1993)He was an English novelist, poet and winner of Nobel in Literat
9、ure: “for his novels which, wit h the Perspicuity （睿智）of realistic narrative art and the diversity and universality of myth, illuminate the Human condition in the world of today.” His work is characterized by exploration of the darkness of mans heart, deep spiritual and ethical questions. Goldings v
10、iew is pessimistic: human nature is inherently corruptible and wicked. His first novel, Lord of the Flies 蝇王 (1954), dealt with an unsuccessful struggle against barbarism（野蛮主义）and war, thus showing the ambiguity （不确定性） and fragility （脆弱性）of civilization. It has also been said that it is an allegory(
11、 寓言) of World War II. 2. Brief Introduction to the Text The author s use of the word “hobby” is interesting. By using this word he means that thinking is not just for professional thinkers like philosophers. It is something all educated people should enjoy doing. This special interest is often refer
12、red to as “idle curiosity”, and it is considered one of the most precious qualities in young scholars. Students should play with ideas the way they play with balls. Both are important for their healthy development, one mental, and the other physical. The essay can be neatly divided into three parts.
13、 The first part tells us how the subject of thinking was first brought up to the author and how he came to understand the nature of what he calls “grade-three thinking”, which, he discovered, was no thinking at all, but a combination of ignorance, prejudice and hypocrisy. Unfortunately, according to
14、 the author, most people belong to this category. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 4 - The second part deals with “grade-two thinking”. People who belong to this category can detect the contradictions of grade- three thinke
15、rs beliefs. They can see their ignorance, prejudice, hypocrisy and lack of logic, which gives them great delight and satisfies their ego. However, grade-two thinking has nothing constructive to offer. It destroys without the power to create. Therefore the satisfaction it brings the thinker is limite
16、d and does not last. The answer to this lies in the third part in which the author discusses the definition of “grade-one thinkers” people who set out to find the truth and get it. It would be interesting to ask ourselves which of the three categories we belong to, and if, for some reason, we are no
17、t yet grade-one thinkers, whether we have any need or wish to move up to the next grade. The author does not say explicitly what coherent system of thought he has finally developed which makes him a grade-one thinker. But he has given us very broad hints. Obviously his thinking is based on high mora
18、l standards and is opposed to such things as big business, centralized government, wars, armies, heady patriotism, dishonest politicians, etc. which he regards as mere trifles or pointless actions. We can also infer from his sarcastic description of those historical events and political figures wher
19、e he stands in religion and politics. Part II. Questions for Discussion 1. What is this essay talking about? 2. What do the three statuettes symbolize? What effect do the boys descriptions have?3. How did the author describe the following figures to demonstrate his analyses of different grades of th
20、inking? Headmaster Me, the boy A pious lady Ruth Mr. Houghton British Prime Minister American politicians Me, the author Part III. Detailed Discussion of the Text 1. nothing but(p2): nothing except; only - His parents care nothing but his scores at school. - One was a lady wearing nothing but a bath
21、 towel. 2. lest (p2):for fear that; in order to make sure that sth. will not happen - He hide behind the curtain lest the professor (should) see him. - She turned pale when her son came out of the study lest he (should) have heard what she had said. 3. farther: v. further - After graduating from Fu
22、Dan University with the bachelor degree, he went abroad to seek 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 5 - further study. 4. delinquent adj.&n. (p3) : (person, especially the young) doing wrong; failing to perform a duty - juveni
23、le delinquent - delinquent children - the problem of juvenile delinquency 5. if anything(P4) :on the contrary - Your suggestion did not encourage him. It, if anything, discouraged him. - He is not known for his generosity. He is, if anything, quite miserly. 6. confront sb.with sth.(vt.) (p24): to op
24、pose sb. or bring sb. to sth. - I confronted him with my suspicions, and he admitted everything.( 对质) - The customers are confronted with a bewildering amount of choice. - We must confront the future with optimism.（勇敢面对）7. get sth. to thought(p24) -I no longer dismiss lightly a mental process which
25、for nine tenths of the population is the nearest they will ever get to thought. Meaning: I no longer consider the way grade-three thinkers unimportant because they account for nine-tenths of the people and therefore have great power. Now I know that ignorance, prejudice and hypocrisy are very powerf
26、ul enemies. 8. confer v. (p25) 1) give or grant - The president of this university will confer bachelor degree on you after you complete your four-year study here. 2) consult or discuss - He conferred with his lawyer on/about the investment project. 9. convert v. & n. -They have tried to convert him
27、 from atheism to Methodist. - His convert (n.) to socialism is not easy. 10. She claimed that the Bible was literally inspired (Pa.26) A true historical record; a factual accou nt of Gods divine plan and prophecies. This is the belief of fundamentalists. 11. flag (vi.)(p26): begin to lose enthusiasm
28、 and energy; to decline in interest - Argument flagged: argument became dull because Ruth did not know how to respond. - His horse is flagging. - The countrys economy continued to flag. 12. for my money: I bet, I believe, in my opinion 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理
29、- - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - 13. be given the third degree (p28): Be severely questioned or interrogated 14. make for sb./sth. (p.29) 1) contribute to; tend towards - Frequent exposure to idiomatic English, such as VOA makes for your study at university. 2) head for 走向，向某个方向移动-
30、It is late. Wed better make for home.3) charge at, rush towards 袭击，攻击，冲向- The bull suddenly made for the girl in red and everybody was shocked. 14. few and far between (p30) 相隔很久才发生的; 彼此相距很远；稀少- Good novels are few and far between. Idiomatic pairs of adj. Black and blue 遍体鳞伤Fair and square 公正，正大光明Ha
31、le and hearty 精神充沛 , 老当益壮Safe and sound 完好无损的Dead and gone 已死去的Cut-and-dried 已成定局的Meek and mild 温顺的Fair and square 光明正大的15. aspire (p.30) vi. +for/to/after : be filled with high ambition - Do you aspire after knowledge? - The more power they have, the more they aspire to it. - English majors in non-
32、English speaking countries aspire to abandon their native accents and speak pure English. - What do you aspire for at present? 16. go too far/carry sth. too far:(p.33): go beyond the limits of what is considered reasonable - You have gone too far in saying that youd rather break with the family.Go f
33、ar: 1) (of person) : be successful; do much - He is clever and intelligent, and will go far. 2) (of money) buy goods, services, etc. - A hundred does not go so far as it did ten years ago. Language points 1. Rodin s Thinker(Pa.3)This is the most famous piece of art by the French sculptor August Rodi
34、n. It is said to be the 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 7 - statue that most clearly shows the abstract idea of thinking. The thinker is pondering so intensely that his toes are tightly clutching the ground. 2. I was not i
35、ntegrated. I was, if anything, disintegrated. integrated: forming a part of a harmonious group disintegrated: Here, it is used by the author to mean the direct opposite of “integrated”, and therefore means some kind of a trouble-maker. 3. Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth se
36、nse and left me out. a sixth sense: a keen intuitive power. Here, the author means the ability to think. to endow sb with sth: to provide sb with a natural quality or talent - She is one of those lucky women who are endowed with both a sharp brain and great beauty. - God has not endowed him with muc
37、h humor. The whole sentence means: Everybody, except me, is born with the ability to think. 4. Or was there more sense in drinking than there appeared to be? But if not, and if drinking were in fact ruinous to healthand Mr. Houghton was ruined, there was no doubt about thatwhy was he always talking
38、about the clean life and the virtues of fresh air? Pay attention to some variations of the “There + be ” pattern such as:There seems to be; There appeared to be; There are supposed to be; the clean life: It normally refers to a life without vices or moral sins. the virtues of fresh air: the advantag
39、es of fresh air Mr. Houghton obviously did not practice what he preached. He was a hopeless alcoholic, which had ruined his health, and he obviously did not like outdoor life. Yet he kept talking about a clean life and the virtues of fresh air. 5. You could hear the wind, trapped in his chest and st
40、ruggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his face go white at the unaccustomed visitation. He would stagger back to his desk and collapse there, useless for the rest of the morning. struggling with all the unnatural impediments: The fresh air had to struggle wi
41、th difficulty to find its way to his chest because he was unaccustomed to this. His body would reel and his face go white: He would stagger or be thrown off balance, and his face would go white. useless for the rest of the morning: unable to do anything for the rest of the morning Note the humorous
42、effect achieved through the use of exaggeration and formal style. 6. Through him I discovered that thought is often full of unconscious prejudice, ignorance and hypocrisy. It will lecture on disinterested purity while its neck is being remorselessly twisted toward a skirt. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - -
43、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 8 - Through him I discovered that what people call thought is often full of prejudice, ignorance and hypocrisy. Note here that the pronoun “it ” stands for “thought ” in grammar, but actually refers to Mr. Houghton.
44、The word “skirt” stands for girls in general. It is a common figure of speech called metonymy in which an idea is evoked or named by means of a term designating some associated notion. It is vulgar to refer to a girl as a skirt. More examples: - The world is watching closely what the White House wil
45、l do next. (The White House stands for the American government.) - Democracy favors the vote rather than the bullet. (V ote stands for elections, and bullet stands for military solution.) - They have no intention of turning their swords into ploughs. (Sword stand for war and plough for peace.) - Pol
46、itical power grows out of the barrel of a gun. (Mao Zedong) 7. It set me watching the crowds cheering His Majesty the King and asking myself what all the fuss was about, without giving me anything positive to put in the place of that heady patriotism. But there were compensation. ?It made me watch p
47、eople shouting in joy and support of the King and wonder what this senseless excitement was all about although I did not have anything good to replace this exciting or intoxicating patriotism. But I had my reward (I did get something out of it.). ?to cheer: to shout in praise, approval and support ?
48、His Majesty the King: It is used as a title in speaking of a sovereign monarch. ?Also: Your Majesty (when speaking to a sovereign monarch); Her majesty the Queen ?fuss: too much attention to or uncalled-for excitement over things that are unnecessary and unimportant ?to put in the place of: to repla
49、ce ?heady: inclined to go to your head and make your intoxicated (i.e. a heady trend; heady days; heady success) ?compensation: pay, reward, sth that compensates for your loss, service or effort 8. I slid my arm around her waist and murmured that if we were counting heads, the Buddhists were the boy
50、s for my money. She fled. The combination of my arm and those countless Buddhists was too much for her. ?If we were counting heads: if we were talking about the number of people who believe in this 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 9 页 - - - - - -