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1、Chapter 1Computer and DataBy 黄永平，权勇，孙永雄，王智，丰小月，孙铭会Knowledge point:1.1 The computerasa black box.1.2 von Neumannmodel1.3 The componentsof a computer:hardware,software,anddata.1.4 The history of computers.REVIEWQUESTIONS1. How is computersciencedefinedin this book?A：Issuesrelated to the computer.2. Wh
2、at model is the basisfor todayscomputers?( Knowledge point 1.2)A：The von Neumann model.3. Why shouldntyou call a computera dataprocessor?( Knowledge point 1.1)A：Computer is general-purpose machine. it can do many different types of tasks.4. What doesa programmabledata processorrequire to produce out
3、put data?( Knowledgepoint 1.1)A：The input data and the program.5. What arethesubsystemsof the von Neumanncomputermodel?( Knowledge point 1.2)A：Memory, arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and input/output.6. What is the function of the memory subsystemin von Neumann smodel? ( Knowledgepoint 1.2)A ：
4、Memoryis the storage area. It is where programs and data are stored duringprocessing.7. What is the function of theALU subsystemin von Neumann smodel?( Knowledge point1.2)A：ALU is where calculation and logical operations take place.8. What is the function of the control unit subsystemin von Neumann
5、smodel?( Knowledgepoint 1.2)A：It controls the operations of the memory, ALU, and the input/outputsubsystem.9. What is the functionofthe input/outputsubsystem invon Neumann smodel?( Knowledge point 1.2)A：The input subsystem accepts input data and the program from outside the computer;the output subsy
6、stemsendsthe result of processing to the outside.10. Compareand contrastthe memory contentsof early computerswith the memory contentsof a computerbasedon the von Neumannmodel?( Knowledge point 1.2)A ： Computerbased on the von Neumann model stores both the programand itscorresponding data in the memo
7、ry. Early computers only stored the data in the memory.11. How did the von Neumann model changethe concept of programming? ( Knowledgepoint 1.2)A： A program in the von Neumann model is made of a finite number of instructions. Theinstructions are executed one after another.MULTIPLE-CHOICEQUESTIONS名师资
8、料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - - 12. Thebmodelis thebasisfor todayscomputers.( Knowledge point 1.2)a.RonNewmanb.von Neumannc.Pascal d.CharlesBabbage13. In the von Neumann model , thecsubsystem stores data and programs.( Knowledg
9、e point 1.2)a.ALUb.input/output c.memoryd.control unit14. In the von Neumann model, theasubsystemperforms calculations and logicaloperations.( Knowledge point 1.2)a.ALUb.input/output c.memoryd.control unit15. In the von Neumannmodel, thebsubsystemacceptsdataandprogramsandsendsprocessingresultsto out
10、put devices.( Knowledge point 1.2)a. ALUb.input/output c.memoryd.control unit16. In the von Neumann model, thedsubsystemservesas a managerof the othersubsystems.( Knowledge point 1.2)a.ALUb.input/output c.memoryd.control unit17. According to the von Neumann model,cstored in memory. ( Knowledge point
11、1.2)a. only dataareb. only programsarec.dataand programsared.none oftheabove18. astep-by-stepsolution to aproblem is calledd. ( Knowledge point 1.3)a. hardwareb. an operating systemc. a computer languaged. analgorithm19. FORTRAN andCOBOL areexamplesofc. ( Knowledge point 1.3)a.hardwareb. operatingsy
12、stemsc. computer languagesd. algorithms20. A 17th-century computing machine that could perform addition and subtraction was thea( Knowledge point 1.4)a.Pascalineb. Jacquardloomc.Analytical Engined. Babbagemachine21.dis a setof instructionsin a computerlanguagethat tells the computerwhat to dowith da
13、ta.( Knowledge point 1.3)a.An operating systemb.An algorithmc.A dataprocessord.A program22.ais the design and writing of a program in structuredform. ( Knowledge point1.3)a.Softwareengineeringb. Hardware engineeringc.Algorithm developmentd. Instructional architecture23. The first electronic special-
14、purposecomputer was calledc( Knowledge point1.4)a.Pascalb. Pascalinec.ABCd. EDVAC24. One of the first computers based on the von Neumann model was calledd( Knowledge point 1.4)a.Pascalb. Pascalinec.ABCd. EDVAC25. The first computing machine to use the idea of storage and programming was calledd( Kno
15、wledge point 1.4)a.theMadelineb. EDVACc. theBabbagemachined. theJacquardloom26.dseparated the programming task fromthe computer operation tasks.( Knowledge point 1.3)a. Algorithmsb. Data processorsc. High-level programming languagesd.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 -
16、- - - - - - 第 2 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - - Operatingsystems30. According to the von Neumann model, can the hard disk of today be used as input oroutput?Explain. ( Knowledge point 1.2)A：Yes.When the hard disk stores data that results from processing, it is considered anoutput device; when you read data from the hard disk, it is considered an input device.32. Which is more expensivetoday,hardwareor software?( Knowledge point 1.3)A：Software.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 3 页 - - - - - - - - -