2022年2022年航模术语查询表 .pdf

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1、航模术语查询表 (A-F) 时间 :2007-03-20 07:26:19 ABCDEF360, 540, etc. Number describing degrees in an arc. A 360 represents one full turn through an axis. A 360 turn, for example, is a flat turn where the aircraft does not roll its wings but rather just slides through 360 degrees turning on rudder only. For he

2、lis: A 540 stall turn, for example, describes a one and one half revolution spin at the apex of a vertical stall, which results in the helicopter resuming nose forward flight before recovery. 3D Term describing a type of flight pattern, which is characterized by the performance of very specialized a

3、erobatic maneuvers below the models normal stall speed. Examples include torque rolls, walk in the park, harriers, hangers, etc. For helis: combining two or more maneuvers into one maneuver. Examples: rolling circle, inverted backwards loop. 3F Slang abbreviation for flip flop flying. Similar to 3D,

4、 but without the finesse. AATL = Adjustable Throttle Limiter High-end feature which adjusts to bring full servo potential within the limits of bind-free servo travel. Ideal for throttle control, or for more effective braking in gas racing. ATV/EPA = Adjustable Travel Volume/End Point Adjustment . Al

5、lows separate adjustments of maximum servo travel to both sides of neutral. Helps tailor outputs for different control styles. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 46 页 - - - - - - - - - Activating (Arming) SwitchAn external switch that prevents the e

6、lectric motor from accidentally turning on. Adjustable Function Rate (AFR) Similar to ATV, AFR allows end point adjustment independent of Dual Rate or Exponential settings. Adjustable Travel Volume (ATV) End Point Adjustment, ATV you can independently preset the maximum travel of a servo on either s

7、ide of neutral. Adverse YawSome airplanes, especially high-wing airplanes with flat-bottom airfoils, have a tendency to yaw in the opposite direction of the bank. This is most common when flying at low speeds with high angles. Adjusting the ailerons can help reduce the yaw. AerodynamicsScience of ai

8、r in motion. Aft Towards the rear. Used such as: .with an aft center of gravity. Aileron Differential Creating larger upward aileron travel than downward aileron travel to help minimize the model dragging the drooped aileron which causes a model to yaw with aileron input. Aileron Extension The Ailer

9、on Extension (also known as a servo extension) is a cable with connectors on either end which goes between the receiver and a servo. This allows the servo to be placed at a greater distance from the receiver than the cable that comes on the servo will allow. It also permits easier removal of a wing

10、when the servo that controls the aileron is mounted in the wing and the receiver is in the fuselage (which is usually the case). 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 46 页 - - - - - - - - - Ailerons Hinged control surfaces located on the trailing edge

11、of the wing, one on each side, which provide control of the airplane about the roll axis. The control direction is often confusing to first time modelers. For a right roll or turn, the right hand aileron is moved upward and the left hand aileron downward, and vice versa for a left roll or turn. Aile

12、vators Twin elevator servos plugged into separate channels used to control elevator with the option to also have the 2 elevator servos act as ailerons in conjunction with the primary ailerons. Air Bleed Screw Screw for adjusting the amount of air allowed to bleed into the carburetor during idle Airf

13、oil The shape of the wing when looking at its profile. Usually a raindrop type shape. For helis: The rotor disk is the effective wing, and airfoil refers to the shape of the blades. AMAM, or Ampilitude Modulation, was the primary means of modulation in R/C until recently. The control information is

14、transmitted by varying the amplitude of the signal. AMAThe Academy Of Model Aeronautics. The official national body for model aviation in the United States. The official national body for model aviation in the United States. AMA sanctions more than a thousand model competitions throughout the countr

15、y each year, and certifies official model flying records on a national and international level. Amphibian An aircraft that can fly off of water or land. The wheels retract into the hull or floats, depending upon the type of aircraft. An amphibian can land on water and then extend the landing gear to

16、 allow it to pull up onto the shore. Many seaplane bases had ramps to allow the airplanes to pull up onto dry land parking areas. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 46 页 - - - - - - - - - Angle of attack The angle that the wing penetrates the air. A

17、s the angle of attack increases so does lift, up to a point (and drag). AntennaThe telescoping tube that transmits the signal. Area The number of square inches (or feet) of the wing. Its the wingspan multiplied by the wings chord. The area of a tapered wing is the wingspan multiplied by the average

18、chord. ARFAlmost Ready to Fly, a model airplane that can be put together with a minimal amount of time. Articulated Rotor This is borrowed from full sized helicopters, and is a rotor head which allows the blades to flap, drag and feather. Aspect Ratio The wingspan divided by the chord. Aspect ratio

19、is important where a wings efficiency is concerned. A short aspect ratio (short wings) is better for maneuvering, since it allows a high roll rate. Short wings are also stronger than long wings. Gliders use high-aspect ratio wings (long, skinny wings) because they are more efficient for soaring flig

20、ht. Example: 10 ft. wingspan with a 1 ft. chord has an aspect ratio of 10. ATS, Revolution Mixing, or Anti Torque Compensation This is Automatic Tail System. This refers to the radio mixing in a certain amount of tail rotor when the throttle / pitch is increased or decreased. Autorotation The abilit

21、y of a rotary wing aircraft to land safely without engine power. This maneuver uses the stored energy in the rotor blades to produce lift at the end of decent, allowing the model to land safely. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 46 页 - - - - - - -

22、- - Axis The line around which a body rotates. B BEC = Battery Eliminator Circuitry Allows receiver to draw power from a main battery pack, eliminating the need for (and weight of) a receiver battery. BackplateCover over the rear of the crankcase of an engine. Ballast Ballast is extra weight added t

23、o a glider to help it penetrate better in windy weather or to increase its speed. Ballast is usually added in tubes in the inner portion of the wings or in the fuselage at the center of gravity. Ball Bearing Servos output shaft is supported with bearings for increased performance and accuracy. Ball

24、Link Connection using a ball, and a link which rotates on the ball. Used to connect the servo to a control surface or lever. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 46 页 - - - - - - - - - Backlash Term describing the amount of play between gears, or gear

25、 mesh. If too loose, the gear can slip, or strip the teeth. Too tight, and excessive wear is caused. Base Load Antenna A rigid, short antenna mounted to the model. Used to replace the longer receiver antenna. Battery CyclingTo fully charge and discharge a battery to erase battery memory. Battery Met

26、er The device used to monitor the strength of the transmitter batteries Bell and Hiller Control system used in helicopters. Changes pitch of blades in relation to their position via a swashplate. A flybar with paddles is used to gain responsiveness. The two systems are linked with Control Levers. Bi

27、nding What occurs when the friction at a joint is stronger than the linkage. Boring holes in the sky Having fun flying an R/C airplane, without any pre-determined flight pattern. Buddy or Trainer Box Two similar transmitters that are wired together with a trainer cord. This is most useful when learn

28、ing to fly-its the same as having dual controls. The instructor can take control by using the trainer switch on his transmitter. Butterfly Also known as crow. A mix which activates up flaperons and down inner-most flaps for gliding speed control without spoilers or airbrakes. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 -

29、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 46 页 - - - - - - - - - CCAAbbreviation for cyanoacrylate. An instant type glue that is available in various viscosities (Thin, Medium, Thick, and Gel). These glues are ideal for the assembly of wood airplanes and other materials. NOTE: M

30、ost CA glues will attack foam. CCPM Cyclic-Collective-Pitch-Mixing. Type of swashplate mixing which requires a radio with CCPM mixing functions. This uses three servos to control the cyclic, while all three work together to raise and lower the swashplate for collective control. CG = Center of Gravit

31、y For modeling purposes, this is usually considered-the point at which the airplane balances fore to aft. This point is critical in regards to how the airplane reacts in the air. A tail-heavy plane will be very snappy but generally very unstable and susceptible to more frequent stalls. If the airpla

32、ne is nose heavy, it will tend to track better and be less sensitive to control inputs, but, will generally drop its nose when the throttle is reduced to idle. This makes the plane more difficult to land since it takes more effort to hold the nose up. A nose heavy airplane will have to come in faste

33、r to land safely. Camber If you draw a line through the center of the airfoil thats exactly half-way between the top and bottom surface, you get the mean airfoil line. Depending upon the airfoil, it can be straight or curved. This curve is called the camber of the airfoil. If it has a lot of curve,

34、the airfoil is said to be highly-cambered. Canard The horizontal surface forward of the wing used to control pitch. Its found on very few aircraft. Also the word used to describe aircraft that have a main wing and a horizontal control surface in the nose.also called, tail first aircraft. CapacityThe

35、 maximum amount of energy a battery can store. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页,共 46 页 - - - - - - - - - Carburetor The part of the engine which controls the speed or throttle setting and lean/rich mixture via setting of the needle valve. Center Lin

36、eAn imaginary line drawn through the center of the aircraft from the nose through the tail. Center of Gravity (CG)Balancing point of an aircraft. Chandelle A very steep climbing turn where the airplane makes a 180o change of direction. Channel The frequency number used by the transmitter to send sig

37、nals to the receiver. If radios transmit on the same frequency, or channel, glitching will occur in the active receiver on that channel. This is due to conflicting signals sent by the two radios. Flying sites should have a frequency control system to ensure that only one radio operates on any given

38、channel at one time. This is usually a board with some type of marker for each channel. If the marker is not available, someone else is using that channel. Do not use your radio unless you are sure you are the only one on the frequency. Channel The number of functions your radio can control. Ex: an

39、8 channel radio has 8 available servo slots used for separate control surfaces or switches. These channels can also be mixed on many radios, for such functions as collective, which increases pitch when throttle is increased. Charge Jack The plug receptacle of the switch harness into which the charge

40、r is plugged to charge the airborne battery. An expanded scale voltmeter (ESV) can also be plugged into it to check battery voltage between flights. It is advisable to mount the charge jack in an accessible area of the fuselage so an ESV can be used without removing the wing. Charger Device used to

41、recharge batteries and usually supplied with the radio if NiCad batteries are included. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页,共 46 页 - - - - - - - - - Chicken Stick A hand-held stick used to start a model airplane engine. Chord The depth of the wing, its

42、 distance from leading edge to trailing edge. One of the components used to determine wing area. May vary from root to tip. ClevisThe clevis connects the wire end of the pushrod to the control horn of the control surface. A small clip, the clevis has fine threads so that you can adjust the length of

43、 the pushrod. ClunkLocated in the fuel tank, a clunk is weighted and ensures that the intake line has a steady supply of fuel. Collective Pitch This is the ability to vary the main blade pitch when the throttle is increased or decreased. Computer RadioBy using the advanced programming functions of t

44、he transmitter, you can adjust the airplane without changing any mechanical structures. Constant Drive Tail This is a special autorotation clutch that will always drive the tail rotor even when the engine is off or in Hold. Control HornThis arm connects the control surface to the clevis and pushrod.

45、 Control Surface Any one of the various moveable portions of the wings, tail surfaces, or canard. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页,共 46 页 - - - - - - - - - Conventional Gear The landing gear arrangement where the airplane has a main gear and a tailw

46、heel. Coreless motorIn a conventional servo, the motor has a steel core armature wrapped in wire that spins inside the magnets. In a coreless design, the armature uses a thin wire mesh that forms a cup that spins around the outside of the magnet eliminating the heavy steel core. A coreless motor doe

47、s not have magnets as standard servo motors do, so they have a smoother, more constant, and stronger action. Regular servo motors have either 3 or 5 magnets (poles) which when the armature is between these, the servo motor is at its weakest. CoveringThe covering of an aircraft is the skin which is a

48、pplied to the airframe, closing it in. It is commonly a fabric or plastic film which is heat applied with an iron. Plastic covering, once applied, gives a durable, shiny finish and requires no further treatment. Fabric covering usually requires a layer of paint to finish it and make it resistant to

49、the exhaust of the engine. CowlThe large molded fairing around an engine. It serves two purposes when done right: It helps the airflow go smoothly around the front of the airplane, and also provides a proper path for cooling air around the engine. CrankcaseMain body of the engine Critical Angle of A

50、ttackThe angle of attack at which smooth airflow over the top of the wing stops. Crow Mixing Primarily used in gliders for spoiler action by mixing the flaps and ailerons. It is necessary for the ailerons to be using separate servos, plugged into separate channels and the flap servo to be independen

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