《lesson7专业英语课件 第二周_2014_1.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《lesson7专业英语课件 第二周_2014_1.pptx（29页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、 吴树敬吴树敬 园艺科学与工程学院园艺科学与工程学院第七讲第七讲 Grafting*果蔬嫁接果蔬嫁接*kindly note the difference between grafting and graft1、The art of graft. 2、Why we use rootstock in fruit and vegetables production.3、The alternative to rootstock.接穗接穗: scion 裂口：裂口：cleft砧木砧木: rootstock 嫁接凿嫁接凿 grafting chisel 亲和：亲和：affinity 嫁接槌嫁接槌 。ma
2、llet结扎结扎: ligatures 锯：锯：边材：边材：alburnum 表皮表皮: epidermis, cuticle 木质部：木质部：xylem 韧韧皮皮部部 : phloemAlmost all the modes of grafting requires a ligature to fasten up separated tissues or raised bark, to tie clefts together, and keep the graft firmly on the stock. whip graft （舌接）（舌接） straight draw cutstraig
3、ht and slanting cutcleft graft （裂接）（裂接） Free from knotsside graft （侧接）（侧接） budding（芽接）（芽接） Intimate union of the two partsIn every kid of grafting, it is indispensible that the two parts grafted should be in close communication, not by means of the epidermis or the pitch, but through the generating
4、layers-that is the new and living layers of inner bark or alburnum, in the tissue of which the cambium flows. Cambium 复数形式：复数形式：cambiums，cambia又称维管形成层。一般指裸子又称维管形成层。一般指裸子植物和双子叶植物的根和茎中，位植物和双子叶植物的根和茎中，位于木质部和韧皮部之间的一种分生于木质部和韧皮部之间的一种分生组织。经形成层细胞的分裂，可以组织。经形成层细胞的分裂，可以不断产生新的木质部与韧皮部，使不断产生新的木质部与韧皮部，使茎或根不断加粗，茎或根
5、不断加粗，whip graft 舌接舌接inch 英寸英寸 1英寸英寸=2.5399厘米厘米foot 英尺英尺 1英尺英尺=12英寸英寸=30厘米厘米stub 树墩树墩straight draw cut 直线掏槽直线掏槽 The definition of graftingThe other plant, or portion of plant, which is grafted on the stock, should have one shoot or eye, and be in good condition-that is, neither withered, nor mouldy,
6、nor decay, nor wet. It is called the graft or scion; it is analagous to a cutting in communication with soil, and continues its normal growth through the intervention of the stock. Notwithstanding the intimate union of the stock and the graft, they preserve their individual character and constitutio
7、n distinct: The characters of graft1) Notwithstanding the intimate union of the stock and the graft, they preserve their individual character and constitution distinct: their lays of wood and bark continue to be developed without the fibres and vessels of one converging with those of the other. It i
8、s, as it were, a federative union which leaves to the interested parties their independence. Not unfrequently the union of withstanding the grafted pieces suffers a clean severance at the point of contact, either in consequence of the weight of the branches, the violence of the wind, or some other c
9、asualty. 2) Almost all dicotyledonous plants may be grafted. Up to the present, the monocotyledonous plants have been tried in vain. Their structure does not support the adhesion of the parts when put together; and without intimate union, grafting is impossible. Object of grafting Conditions of succ
10、ess quince 木梨木梨medlar 枸杞子枸杞子chestnut 栗子栗子horse-chestnut 马栗子马栗子 hawthorn 山楂山楂 corymb 伞房花序；伞房花序；pinnate 羽状复叶羽状复叶 Panicle 穗穗状；状； sorbus 花椒花椒chionanthus 流苏；流苏； ash岑树岑树Parenchyma ： 薄壁细胞薄壁细胞Exodermis： 外皮层外皮层Endodermis： 内皮层内皮层Pericycle： 中柱鞘中柱鞘Fibril, root hair: 根毛根毛pyracantha火棘火棘Cotoneaster：栒子属：栒子属Rosaceae
11、： 蔷薇科蔷薇科Maloideae weber：苹果亚科：苹果亚科Mutual vigour of the parts1) The perfect harmony of the vigor between graft and stock2) The strong viability of graft than that of stock is acceptable than the reverse. WHY USE ROOTSTOCKS? Propagation: Traditionally, rootstocks were used primarily as a method for propagating selected scion cultivars. Tree fruit species do not develop true-to-type when propagated from seed and propagation of selected scion cultivars is possible only by vegetative methods. Burrknotroot primordia