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1、高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit17-18 重点句型 1. I know people are trying to help, but I wish they wouldnt treat me as if I were a child. 2. Creative thinking is a conscious effort to break away from old thought patterns in order to explore new possibi- lities. 3. Today there are more opportunities for disabled p
2、eople to develop their potential, live a rich life and make a contribu- tion to society. 4. One of the teachers at the special education college says that their aim is to help disabled students understand that they can play a valuable role within society. 5. It is often disappointing to find that ot
3、her people do not feel comfortable together with someone who is disabled. 6. Good solutions and new ideas are often the result of a change in perception. 7. By comparing and connecting ideas and objects in new ways, creative thinkers are able to think of new applications and solutions. 重点词汇 1. abili
4、ty n. 能力2. fair n. 商品交易会adj. 公平的3. gifted adj. 有天赋的4. encouragement n. 鼓励5. adjust vt. 调整6. ceremony n. 仪式7. victory n. 胜利8. shameful adj. 丢脸的9. participate vi. 参与10. officer n. 官员11. petrol n. 汽油12. background n. 背景13. reject vt. 拒绝14. possibility n. 可能性15. otherwise adv. 不然16. previous adj. 珍贵的17.
5、 aware adj. 意识的18dusty adj满是灰尘的19. pilot n. 飞行员20. storage n. 储蓄21. typewriter n. 打字机22. conduct v. 引导；指导；导电23. connection n. 连接24. trial n. 试验；审问重点短语 1. get around 四处走动2. get used to 习惯于3. allow for 顾及精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 25 页4. get stuck 遇到困难5. break away from 摆脱6.
6、be aware of 意识到7. trial and error 反复试验8. keep track of 保持联系9. make a contribution to. 为作贡献10. now that 既然11. come up with 提出12. after all 毕竟短语闯关下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词，每个词5 分，80 分才能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧? 1. get _ 四处走动；活动2. get _ to 适应于 ；习惯于 3. allow _ 顾及；为 做准备；考虑到4. get / be _ 遇
7、到困难；陷进去；被困住5. break _ from 摆脱；脱离6. be _ of 知道；意识到7. trial and _ 反复实验；不断摸索8. _ all 毕竟；终究；归根到底9. keep track _ 保持联系10. make a contribution _ 对 作出贡献11. _ sure 确保；查明12. adjust _ 适应于13. take _ in 参加14. compete _ 竞争；对抗；比赛15. let _ 放出；泄密16. translate._ 把 译成 17. _ times 有时18. prepare _ 为 做准备19. be different
8、_ 与 不同20. _ than 多于；不仪仅；极其交际用语 1. Im sure I would be able to. 2. If I., I would be able to. 3. I would need help to. 4. It would be difficult to. 5. I would try to. 6. This invention can help people. 7. This is a new way of. 8. How does it work? 9. Whats it made of? 10. How would people use it? 单词聚焦
9、 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 25 页1. ability n. 能力What a pity. He has the ability to learn, but he doesnt want to. 很遗憾，他有能力学，然而不想学。Mary is a woman of great ability. 玛丽是个很有能力的女子。The school cares for children 0f different abilities. 学校关心不同才能孩子的需要。3. adjust v. 调整，使适应，使适合She care
10、fully adjusted her clothes and her hair before going out. 她出门之前仔细地整了整衣服和头发。He is unable to adjust themselves to their environment. 他们不能调整自己以适应环境的变化。 Please do not adjust your set, eg as a warning on a TV screen that the controls do not need to be changed. 请勿自行调节，如电视机屏幕上的警告语句，意为各项操作装置无需更改。【考点 2】appea
11、r 的用法 构词： appearance n. c ；u 1. 出现，露面2. 容貌 disappear v. 消失 disappearance n. 消失 reappear vi. (再)出现 reappearance n. ( 再)出现搭配： at first appearance 初看起来 make ones firrst appearance 首次登场；首次登台演出 句型： It appears that看来 辨析： appear；look；seem 该组词均表示 “ 似乎 ” ，但强调点不同：seem暗示该判断有一定的根据，往往接近于事实；look 着重于通过视觉得出的印象； app
12、ear强调外表看起来给人的印象而事实上或实质上并非如此。句子结构有同有异：均可跟形容词；均可跟介词like + 名词或 like + 动名词；均可接不定式作表语。 seem和 appear可跟从句。而look 则不能； look 和 seem可跟 as if 从句，而 appear则不能；seem和 appear可川于 It seems / appears that-clause 中，而 look 不能； seem和 appear可用于 There seems / appears to be. 中，而 look 不能。例如：The noise appeared to be endless. 这
13、喧闹声好像永无休止。There appears to be no student in the classroom. 教室里似乎没有一个学生。The stars look very smaIl only because they are much farther away. 星星看上去很小，仅仅是他们太小的缘故。It seems as if it is going to rain. Youd better take your umbrella with you. = It looks like rain. Youd better take your umbrella with you. 天好像
14、要下雨，你最好带把雨伞。His father seems much better today. 他爸爸今天似乎好多了。The baby seems to be sleeping Dont make so much 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 25 页noise. 孩子好像在睡觉，别这么吵。It seems that he is lying. 看样子他好像是在撒谎。There seems to be an important meeting tonight. 今晚好像有个重要会议。【考例 2】(2001 上海 )Do
15、let your mother know aIl the truth. She appears _ everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told 考查目标 appear + 动词不定式用法。答案与解析 D 根据前面的分句意思“ 务必让你的妈妈知道所有的真相” 。其原因是似乎别人已经告诉她所有的事情。2. fair (1) n. 商品交易会a computer fair 电脑展销会a job fair 职业交流会(2) adj. 好的；晴朗的；公正的His knowledge of Frenc
16、h is fair, but ought to be better. 他法语还不错，但应该更好些。 We hope for fair weather. 我们希望有好天气。The punishment was quite fair. 这一惩罚十分公正。【考点 4】join 的用法友情提示： join + 表示人的名词或代词。表示加入到某(些)人的活动或行列中。 搭配： join + 团体、组织、协会、机构的名词，加入某一个组织。而成为其中的一个成员(become a member of)，絮觅名词有： the League / Party / army / navy / club / organ
17、ization 入团入党参军加入俱乐部加人组织 join the line 排队 join in 参加；加入；主要指参加一些短暂的正在进行的活动，如游戏、比赛、讨论、娱乐、谈话、散步等。强调“ 加入某人一起干 ” 或加入某项正在进行中的活动。 join in athe+名词，常见名词有：discussion, talk, conversation, game, strike, march, concert, sports, walk, work join up 连接起来；联合起来 join together 联合起来 join.to. 把 与 连接起来句型： join (sb) in (doi
18、ng) + 名词 (和某人一起 )参加某项活动，常见名词有：talk / walk / game / discussion 等。辨析： attend; join; take part in 该组词均表达 “ 参加 ” 之意，但 attend 强调动作，多指参加会议、听讲座、听课等。join 尤指参加某一组织成为其中一员。take part in 尤指参加一些短暂的活动，如游行、比赛等。另外表示“ 参加 ” 之意的词还精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 25 页有： enter, be engaged in, go into,
19、 go in for 等。例如：They went to their school to attend a get-together. 他们去学校参加联欢会了。I dont think it necessary to join the club. Its a waste of time. 我认为没必要加人那个俱乐部，简直是浪费时间。Every summer vacation Ill take part in social prac tice. 每年暑假我都参加社会实践。 connect; join; unite 三词均意为 “ 连接，相连 ” ，但 connect 意为“ 连接，相连” ，指两
20、个或多个物体通过媒介连接起来，或将分开的物体在某一点上相互接触，各自仍保持原有的特性及独立性，结合的程度没有join 紧密。 join 意为“ 连接汇合 ” ，指两个或多个事物联合起来，强调把原来分离的事物连接为一体，而联合后可能又分离的特点。结合的程度较connect 密切，还有 “ 加入 ” 的含义。 unite 意为 “ 联合，团结 ” 指两个或多个事物或物体合成为一个统一体，强调过程的完整性，及合成后的一体性或惟一性。例如：The printer is connected to the computer. 打印机连接着电脑。This road joins the two village
21、s. 这条路把两个村庄给连接起来了。Unless we unite our enemies will defeat us. 除非我们联合起来，否则敌人会打败我们。【考例 4】The Panama Canal the Atlantic _ the Pacific. A. connects; with B. joins; with C. unites; with D. ioin; up 考查目标 考查固定短语。答案与解析 A connect.with. 为固定短语，表示“ 把 和 连接起来 ” ；join.to. ，join up，unite. with. 使用的范围不当。4. otherwise
22、 adv. (1) 不然；否则 Put the cap back on the bottle, otherwise the juice will spill. 把瓶盖儿盖好， 要不汁液就溢出来了。 We must hurry, otherwise well be too late. 我们得快点，要不然就太晚了。Do as youre told, otherwise youll be in trouble. 叫你怎么做就怎么做，否则有麻烦。(2) 以另外的方式， 不同地(in another way；differently) She thought otherwise. 她从另一个侧面考虑。Yo
23、u obviously think otherwise. 显然你的想法不同。otherwise 意思是 “ 否则 ” 还常与虚拟语气的谓语动词连用。其后的谓语动词与if虚拟的主句谓语动词一致。【考点 3】possible 的用法构词：impossible adj. 不可能的精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 25 页possibility n. 可能；可能性；可能的事possibly adv. 可能，也许搭配：as.as possible = as possible as sb can / could = as .as sb
24、 possibly can / could 尽可能，尽 (量) when / whenever / where / wherever possible 一旦有可能，只要有可能，一旦有机会if (at all) possible 如果有可能的话句型： (quite)possibly ( 很)可能 It is (im)possible (for sb) to do sth It is possible that 从句 Sb cant / couldnt possibly do sth 某人不可能干某事 Sb think / find / consider it (im)possible (for
25、sb) to do sth Sb think / find / consider it (im)possible that从句 sth make it (im)possible for sb to do sth Can / Could you possibly do sth? (用于礼貌地请求) 请你 可以吗 ? How could you possibly do sth? ( 强调对看到或听到的事表示奇怪或惊讶)你怎么会 ? Would it be possible (for sb) to do sth? ( 用于礼貌地询问某人是否能做某事或拥有某物)干 可以吗? There is a po
26、ssibility that. There is no possibility that. 友情提示：不能使用sb is possible to do sth 表达某人有可能干某事。【考例 3】I cant _ go to the party. A. possible B. probable C. likely D. possibly 考查目标 形容词和副词运用。答案与解析 D cant go 暗示要用副词修饰动词，A、B 都可以排除，而likely 经常使用于Its / Sb is likely to do sth / Its likely that-clause. 【考点 10】resul
27、t 的用法 搭配： as a / the result of (= because of) 由于；作为 (的)结果 result in (=cause) 导致 result from (=be caused by) 由 引起；起因于 as a result 因此；所以；结果 without result 无效地毫无结果地 get / expect / have / see a result 得到 / 企盼 / 有 / 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 25 页看到结果a (an) final / good / import
28、ant result ( 最终 / 好 / 重要) 结果 the latest result 最新结果 meet with / obtain good resuhs 取得好结果句型： The result is that. 因此；所以；结果 with the result that. 因此；所以；结果是 A result in B“A引起导致B ” B result from A (=B lie in A)“B由 A 所致； B 因 A 而引起； B 起因于 A；B 来自 (于)A”友情提示： Hard work results in success. = Success results fr
29、om hard work. 成功来自努力。【考例 10】NMET 2003 ，完形 My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. _, at the point in our game. A. After all B. As a result C. Above all D. At last 考查目标 考查 result 构成的短语的用法和意思。答案与解析 B as a result 意思是 “ 结果，因此 ” 。【考点 6】seem 的用法 搭配： seem like 好像 句型： seem + (to be) +
30、adj. / n. 似乎；看上去 seem + (to be) + v-ing / p. p. / prep. phr. seem to do sth 似乎；好像 It seems / seemed (to sb) that似乎；好像 It seemed to him that he would never be able to work out the question for good. 在他看来他好像永远无法解决那个问题。 There seems / seemed + (to be) + 似乎有 It seems as if / as though. 好像 (可用虚拟语气 ) 辨析： a
31、ppear；look；seem (见本讲考点2) 【考例 6】(2005 上海春招 ) Our club is open to adults only. _ your children cant enter it without per- mission. A. There seems that B. It seems to be C. There seems to be D. It seems that 考查目标 考查句型。答案与解析 D It seems that.是一个固定的句型，表示 “ 似乎 ” ，其后接一个从句。而C 项只能接一个词作袁语。【考点 1】sense的用法构词：精选学习
32、资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 25 页 sensitive adj. 敏感的；灵敏的；感光的 sensible adj. 可感觉到的；觉察的。知道的 sensor n. 传感器搭配： the sense of smell / taste / touch / sight / hearing 嗅觉味觉触觉，视觉听觉 a sense of humour 幽默感 a sense of beauty 审美感 a high sense of responsibility / duty 高度的责任感 a sense of fear 恐惧感
33、a sense of values 价值观 a sense of direction 方向感 make sense 有道理；讲得通；很有意义，意义清楚；是合情合理的，是明智的 make no sense 无意义，无道理 make (no) sense of (不)懂(的意思 )，(不)了解 的意义 (不)理解， (不)明白， (不)清楚 a common sense 常识 in a / one sense 从某种意义上说 in no sense 决不 come to (ones) senses ( 昏迷后 )苏醒过来；醒悟过来 lose / recover ones senses 失去恢复知觉
34、；丧失恢复理智 a man of sense 通情达理的人 have (a) good business sense 有生意眼光；商业意识很强；有经商意识句型：It makes (good) sense to do sth 干某事是 (很)明智的；干某事是 (很)有道理的： It doesnt make (any) sense to do sth干某事是不明智的；干某事是没有道理的 Theres no sense in (doing) sth 干 是没有理由/ 意思道理的 sense that. 觉察到；感 (觉)到；意识到。此时除了以从句作宾语外，还可以用表示情景的词组作宾语。【考例 1】(
35、2005 浙江 ) I am sure David will be able to find the library - he has a pretty good _ of di rection. A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense 考查目标 sense 的用法。答案与解析 D 根据上文由be able to find the li brary 可知， David “ 有非常好的方向感” 。sense有 an understanding about sth；an ability to judge sth 之义精选学习资料 - - - - - -
36、- - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 25 页可以说 sense of direction、humor，译为 “ 方向感、幽默感” ，在此处 sense实际上指的是一种理解力，判断力。【考点 7】treat 的用法 构词： treatment n. 治疗，疗法；待遇；处理 搭配： be treated with respect 受到尊重 treat sb as. 把某人当作 来对待 treat sb for ones illness 为某人治病 treat sb. to dinner 请某人吃饭 treat of 讲述；论述 句型： treat sb to一款待
37、辨析： cure；treat 两词均意为 “ 治疗 ” ，但 cure 多表示治愈，强调治好疾病的结果。 treat 多表示治疗疾病的事实或过程。cure 的宾语可以是人，也可以是疾病，但不能用双宾语，一般无进行时。常用的句型有：cure sb of.，cure sb of oriels disease。“ 治好某人什么病” ，例如：This medicine cured him of his pains. 这药治好了他的疼痛。Are they able to treat this disease? 他们能够治疗这种病吗 ? 【考例 7】(2004 江苏 )More patients _ in
38、 hospi tal this year than last year. A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated 考查目标 本题考查 treat 的词义及其在谓语中的使用。答案与解析 D patients 作主语的时候， treat(护理；治疗 )应该使用被动语态。【考点 9】try 的用法搭配： try a different method 又试了一种方法 have a try (on) 试 have another try 再试一次 try on 试穿 (衣服 )；试试看 try ones be
39、st 竭尽所能 try out 试验；尝试；试行 try out for 为 而参加选拔句型： try to do sth 试图去做某事 try doing sth 试一试做某事辨析： attempt；manage ；succeed ；try 该组词均含 “ 设法 ” 之意，但 try 表示尽力、设法、试图去做某事，但未必一定成功，所做之事不一定有困难；try 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 25 页还可作名词， have a try = try = have a go 试一次；have another try = tr
40、y again 再试一次； want a go 想试一次。 attempt 是 try 的更正式的说法试图做某事。manage表示设法 (得以 )完成 (某件困难之事 )，还可作及物动词意为 “ 经营，管理 ” ；不及物动词，意为“ 能办到” ，常用于口语： I can manage (it) myself. 我自己能行。 succeed 去做所希望的事并成功地干了该事，常见结构是 succeed in (doing) sth.。seek意为 “ 试图、企图干某事 ” 。例如；The boys attempted to leave for camping but were stopped by
41、 their parents. 男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。He managed to do the operattion with very little help. 在没有多少帮助的情况下，他设法将这个手术做成功。She succeeded in taking a first-class degree in physics two years after arriving in Paris. 到巴黎之后，她取得了一级物理学位。He tried to do the operation with very little help but didnt succeed. 他试图在没有帮
42、助的情况下做这个手术，但没有成功。【考例 9】(NMET 1992) - I usually go there by train. - Why not _ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 考查目标 考查非谓语动词用法。答案与解析 D Why not 后面接动词原形，而try do- ing 表示 “ 试着做某事 ” 。【考点 8】welcome 的用法 友情提示：欢迎客人进门时，英美人不说：Youre welcome. 或 Please come in. 而常
43、说： Im very glad to see you. Im so glad youve come. Its very kind of you to come. 搭配： receive / have a (warm / good / cold) welcome 受到了某人热烈欢迎 句型： welcome sb (back) / sth 欢迎某人某事 sb welcome sb (warmly) 被动结构为： sb be(warmly) welcomed (by sb) sb / sth are welcome 欢迎 sb is welcome to do sth (不能用 Welcome sb
44、 to do sth 或 sb. is welcomed to do sth，但可用 welcome sb and ask sb,to do sth) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 25 页 (sb be) welcome to sp. (不能用 welcome sb to sp.) Youre welcome! ( 美国英语 )用来回答别人的感谢。“ 热烈欢迎某人 ” 在英语中可以表达为：give sb a (warm / good / cold) welcome = give a / ones (warm / g
45、ood / cold) welcome to sb give / express ones warmest welcome to sb = give sb ones warmest welcome give sb a warm welcome sb be / get warmly welcomed by sb receive a warm welcome(from sb) greet sb warmly 辨析： popular; receive; welcome welcome 可作动词、名词、形容词和感叹词。但sb / sth is very / well welcomed. 为错误结构。
46、popular 形容词，意为 “ 流行的；受人喜爱的，受人欢迎的” ，常用于 be / become popular with / among sb 结构。 receive 通常表示书刊等出版物以及电影、戏剧等得到良好的反映，意为“(不)很受欢迎 ” 。其结构为sth be(not)well re ceived(by sb)，相当于 popular，但 popular 既可表示人又可表示某物受某人欢迎。例如：Criticism and guidance are both welcome. 欢迎批评指导。Chinese food is becoming popular with American
47、s. 中国菜逐渐受到美国人的欢迎。This kind of new textbooks are well received by the teachers and students all over the country. 这种新教科书很受全国师生的欢迎。This kind of magazine is not well received in the sch001 这种刊物在校园里不受欢迎。【考例 8】- Thank you very much indeed. - Youre _. A. welcome B. welcame C. welcomed D. popular 考查目标 考查交际
48、用语。答案与解析 A “ 不用谢 ” 的英语表达应该为：Youre welcome【考点 5】win 的用法构词： winner n. 获胜者辨析： beat；defeat；win beat 和 defeat 这两个动词都可表示在战斗中或在竞赛中“ 战胜 ” 的意思，这时常用表示人的词作宾语，这两个词可以换用。 beat词义较广除表示“ 战胜 ” 外，还可表示“ 敲打 ”“心跳 ” 等。而 defeat 不能表示这些意思。win 作及物动词时常跟a game，an argument，a battle，a 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -
49、第 11 页，共 25 页prize，money 等词作宾语而不跟表示人的词作宾语。例如：She beat me at tennis. 他打网球赢了我。The English team was defeated by three goals to one. 英国足球队以三比一被击败。Who do you think will win the election? 你觉得谁会在竞选中获胜 ? We won by scoring in the last minute. 我们在最后一分钟得分而赢了这场比赛。【考例 5】I think we both _: I the game, but cousin
50、Ed my respect. A. beat B. defeated C. won D. failed 考查目标 动词的辨析。答案与解析 C 根据句子的意思 “ 我想我们俩都赢了：我赢得了比赛的胜利，而Ed 赢得了我的尊敬。牛刀小试 1 用所给单词的适当形式填空：(try, join, realize, seem, appear, treat, result, sense, attempt, welcome) 1. I was in the bath, with the _ that I didnt hear the telephone. 2. We _ growing all our own