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1、一、人称代词1.it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复: They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): Is this your dog？No, it isnt.They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景:I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.二.非人称代词it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环
2、境等： .指天气：It is a lovely day, isnt it? .指时间: It was midnight when she came back.指日期: It is April First today. .指距离: It is some 3000 kilometers from A to B.指价值: It is three dollars. .指温度: Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三.作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语：1.作形式主语替代主语从句It is clear ( obvious,true, possible,
3、certain. ) that从句 It is very clear that hes known the truth. (2)It is said (reported/believed/thought/known.) that 从句 It was reported that another earth satellite had been put into orbit. (3)It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a surprise/no wonder . ) that从句. It is a pity that he is ill.
4、(4)It is the first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用现在完成时 have done );是第一（二）次。It was the first ( second . ) time that从句(从句用过去完成时 had done )It is the first time that I have been here. It was the last time that they had seen her.(5)It is （hight/about） time that从句(动词用过去时did): 该干某事了 It is time that children
5、went to bed.(6)It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that从句.It happened that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来 (7)It occurs to/comes to/ strikes/ hits sb. that从句. “某人突然想起.” It occurs to me that I forgot to lock the door!It hit me that this foreigner
6、was the one I saw in the supermarket! 2.作形式主语替代不定式. It is +形容词+ ( of sb. ) to do sth. 常见的词有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good ， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise . It is kind of you to say so.It was stupid of him to
7、 do that.It is +形容词+ ( for sb. ) to do sth. . 常见的形容词有： important, necessary， natural, easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous . It is dangerour for children to play with fire.It takes sb. . to do sth. 花费.做某事It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.It takes
8、much energy to learn English well. 3. 作形式主语替代动名词短语It is no good / no use / useless doing sth. It is no good learning English without speaking English. Its useless arguing with a man like Shylock.四、作形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词短语或宾语从句。该结构中常用的动词有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 1.We think it important to
9、 learn a foreign language.2.He felt it no use learning English . 3.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.4.They made it clear that they wouldnt like to go with you.5.But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in
10、 life.五、.it的重要句型 1.强调句型: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that 从句 (被强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用)It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was I that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.It is generally believed that it is humans activities that lead to the global warm
11、ing.2. It + be+时间段+since从句意为“自从.以来已多久了”It is five years sinc she left lingyi.It has been years since we last met.3. It + be+时间段+before从句意为“多久才.”It will be five hours before we finish the work.It wont be long before we meet again.4.主语主语+动词动词+it+ when/if从句从句能用于这类句式的的动词有enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike
12、, appreciate, prefer 等，如：I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.I d appreciate it if you give me the chance. I would prefer it if you didnt smoke in here.I cant help it if he is always late.5. see to it that 从句 Ill see to it that all these letters will be sent to the post before twelve. （负责） W
13、ill you see to it that my children are taken good care of while I am away? （注意；确保）6.depend /rely/count on it that 从句 (依靠/指望) You may depend on it that he will turn up in time. 7.answer for it that 从句（负责） I cant answer for it that the boy is honest. 当提到当提到时时2.As someone puts it, . 2.As someone puts i
14、t, . 像某人所说的那样像某人所说的那样3.It looks / seems as if . 3.It looks / seems as if . 看起来好像看起来好像4.Please see to it that . 4.Please see to it that . 请务必请务必5.Think it over 5.Think it over 考虑考虑考虑考虑6.Make it 6.Make it 办到；做成；成功办到；做成；成功7.Give it a try. 7.Give it a try. 尝试一下。尝试一下。16.Beleive it or not. 16.Beleive it o
15、r not. 信不信由你。信不信由你。Hows it goingHows it going？近况如何？近况如何？20.20.I take it that.I take it that.我认为我认为.21.21.1.If you are time poor , you need run for only half the time to get the same benifits as other sports , so perhaps we should all give _ a try.2.Sarah made _ to the airport just in time to catch h
16、er plane this morning.3.New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost. 4.The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _.5.Why dont you bring _ to his attention that youre too ill to work
17、 on?ititititit6.Online shopping websites and social media apps have made _ much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.7.Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _ can be to eat out.8. However , the railway quickly proved to bea great success and within six months , more than 25,000 people using _ every day.ititit9._was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.It