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1、完形填空专题完形填空专题 高三二轮复习高三二轮复习完形填空专题完形填空专题题题型型特特点点解解题题思思路路命命题题角角度度失失分分防防范范技技巧巧总总结结小小试试牛牛刀刀 完形填空题型特点 文章短小，难度较大文章短小，难度较大 注重语境，强调应用注重语境，强调应用 辨析词意，实词为主辨析词意，实词为主 记叙为主，首句不设空记叙为主，首句不设空 完形填空解题思路 跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意 结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案 瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破 再读全文，校对答案，确保无误再读全文，校对答案，确保无误速读速
2、读细填细填复读复读 完形填空命题角度 语语 境境 理理 解解 词词 语语 辨辨 析析 固固 定定 搭搭 配配 语语 法法 规规 那么那么 逻逻 辑辑 推推 理理 文文 化化 常常 识识角度一：上下语境的阅读理解角度一：上下语境的阅读理解 对文章整体的把握与理解对文章整体的把握与理解 对上下文或句子之间关系的把握与理解对上下文或句子之间关系的把握与理解切忌：只见树木，不见森林切忌：只见树木，不见森林角度一：上下语境的理解角度一：上下语境的理解 例例1 Whenever we hear about “the homeless, most of us think of the Developing
3、World. But the 36 is that homeless is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 37 country like Germany?36. A. result B. truth C. reason D. idea37. A. traditional B. developing C. typical D. wealthy上下句语境，上下句语境，词汇复现词汇复现例例2 The Mullers soon realised
4、that food and clothing werent 42. “What these people also need is warmth and 43, says Rita. The Mullers didnt hesitate to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Kurt and Rita receive no 52 for their hard work. “We feel like parents, says Rita, “and parents shoul
5、dnt expect money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary.42. A. enough B. necessary C. helpful D. expensive43. A. fame B. freedom C. courage D. caring52. A. permission B. payment C. direction D.support上下段语境，词汇复现上下段语境，词汇复现角度二：词语辨析角度二：词语辨析 词语辨析是完形填空的考查重词语辨析是完形填空的考查重点之一
6、，主要考查实词如：名词、动点之一，主要考查实词如：名词、动词、形容词、副词等，包括同义词或词、形容词、副词等，包括同义词或近义词的辨析，相似词的辨析，转换词近义词的辨析，相似词的辨析，转换词的辨析等。的辨析等。角度二：词语辨析角度二：词语辨析 例例1 同义词、近义词的辨析同义词、近义词的辨析“I grew up on a hundred-acre farm and had only cats 37 playmates, Kruger, the seventy-year-old man, says. “My hearing was damaged by the 38 of farm equipm
7、ent, so I learned to connect with animals. They react to what they see and what you do.But on a journey night in 2021, Inky did 41 that would set her apart from ordinary cats forever37. A. like B. as C. expect D. among38. A. sound B. alarm C. noise D. voice41. A. anything B. nothing C. something D.
8、everything逻辑分析判断逻辑分析判断词语辨析词语辨析角度二：词语辨析角度二：词语辨析 例例2 连接词的辨析连接词的辨析 That holiday morning I didnt have to attend school. Usually, on holidays, Mother allows me to sleep in. And I would certainly take full advantage of it. On this particular morning, 37, I felt like getting up early.37. A. otherwise B. th
9、erefore C. however D. besides上下语境，词语辨析上下语境，词语辨析角度二：词语辨析角度二：词语辨析 例例3相似词语的辨析相似词语的辨析 Though I was absolutely thrilled with the chance, it did not come without its fair share of challenges. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to pick up the material fast with
10、 every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme 48 to detail(细节) and stress on practice that set us apart48. A. attention B. association C. attraction D. adaptation词汇量，词汇量，辨析词意辨析词意角度三：词语的习惯搭配角度三：词语的习惯搭配 搭配题涉及面广，以是固定搭配题涉及面广，以是固定搭配和习惯用法居多，搭配和习惯用法居多，动词动词、名词名词、介词介词、形容词形容词、副词副词等为考查重点。等为考查重点。角度三：词语的习
11、惯搭配角度三：词语的习惯搭配 例例1 I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, when children from different races and religious played and studied together in harmony. At that time my family lived a stones 40 from Ismails 40. A. drop B. throw C. move D. roll固定搭配固定搭配角度三：词语的习惯搭配角度三：词语的习惯搭配 例例2 Several though
12、ts crossed my mind as I watched him work. He wasnt well-dressed. He had on a pair of shorts and a(n) shiny T-shirt. The bicycle he rode was not by any means the kind modern cyclists would want to be seen riding on. But he seemed 47 with life. There he was 47. A. busy B. content C. careful D. bored牢记
13、习惯搭配，掌握词法牢记习惯搭配，掌握词法角度三：词语的习惯搭配角度三：词语的习惯搭配 例例3 I tried picking up trash(垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would 24 an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so tired of it that I decided something had to change 24. A. kill B. save C. wai
14、t D. spend牢记习惯搭配，掌握词法牢记习惯搭配，掌握词法角度四：语法的综合运用角度四：语法的综合运用 高考完形填空较少涉及语法知识，但高考完形填空较少涉及语法知识，但并非完全不考。并非完全不考。复合句复合句是高考完形填空语法题是高考完形填空语法题的考查重点，最常涉及的语法点有的考查重点，最常涉及的语法点有定语从句定语从句、状语从句状语从句的引导词，虚拟语气中的的引导词，虚拟语气中的情态动词情态动词，并列句中的并列句中的连词连词，复合句中的，复合句中的时态时态、语态语态等。等。角度四：语法的综合运用角度四：语法的综合运用 例例1 Oscar convinced the manager t
15、o look in the record of advance ticket sales. Just as he thought, a name matched the seat 29 Oscar had found the umbrella. The name was Mrs. Katie OBrien 29. A. until B. before C. which D. where分析句子结构，分析句子结构，掌握语法规那么掌握语法规那么角度四：语法的综合运用角度四：语法的综合运用 例例2 I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s
16、, 38 children from different races and religious played and studied together in harmony. At that time my family lived a stones throw from Ismails 38. A. why B. which C. how D. when分析句子结构，分析句子结构，掌握语法规那么掌握语法规那么角度五：逻辑推理与常识背景角度五：逻辑推理与常识背景 高考完形填空以提供完整的语篇信息，并渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，考查学生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。解决这类题目，考生不
17、仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历，还要能驾驭全文，不仅理解文章的表层意义，而且要弄清文章的深层意义。角度五：逻辑推理与常识背景角度五：逻辑推理与常识背景 例：例： And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so much a part of us that its actually often unnoticed 39. A. immediate B. misleading C. impo
18、rtant D. difficult 依托上下语境，凭借背景知识解题依托上下语境，凭借背景知识解题 利用首句解题利用首句解题 通过合理联想解题通过合理联想解题 依据上下文语境解题依据上下文语境解题 借助词汇复现解题借助词汇复现解题 调动语法规那么解题调动语法规那么解题 运用逻辑分析判断解题运用逻辑分析判断解题 凭借背景知识解题凭借背景知识解题 完形填空解题技巧失分防范一：失分防范一：忽略上下语境忽略上下语境急于求成急于求成 I 44 the bus and stood on the pavement not knowing what to do. I looked into the eyes
19、of a stranger, who was trying to get past me. Surprisingly, instead of moving on, she stopped to ask if I was OK. After I explained my 48 to her, she pointed to a bus stop across the street, where a bus would take me back into the city to my appointment. Sitting there waiting, I felt 50 that someone
20、 had been willing to help. 51, hearing a horn (喇叭)nearby, I looked up to see a car with my new friend waving at me to get in. She had returned to offer me lift to the hospital 44. A. looked at B. waited for C. got off D. ran into48. A. idea B. motivation C. excuse D. situation50. A. afraid B. gratef
21、ul C. certain D. disappointed 51. A. Thus B. Then C. Perhaps D. Surely 失分失分防范防范二：二：忽略搭配或词义分析忽略搭配或词义分析知识漏洞知识漏洞Twenty years later, the woman could guess what the professor had in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 45 into an unknown world invisible (无形的) to the
22、 eye, which can be discovered only through scientific methods 44. A. described B. respected C. saw D. served45. A. voyage B. movement C. change D. rush失分失分防范防范三：三：忽略作者意图，偏离主题忽略作者意图，偏离主题 I 38. Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose the ones that I could sing. I hav
23、e come full circle(兜了一圈 with his help His 40 still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra, when I have the chance.38. A. had to cry B. ought to cry C. should have cried D. could have cried40. A. courage B. devotion C. kindness D. trust作者因病残疾，但热爱音乐。他想去餐馆唱歌来养家，作者因病残疾，但热爱音乐。他想去餐馆唱歌来养家，但没钱买音
24、乐光盘。音乐店老板拿出自己视为珍宝的光但没钱买音乐光盘。音乐店老板拿出自己视为珍宝的光盘让作者挑选。这一善举帮助作者把握住了工作的时机。盘让作者挑选。这一善举帮助作者把握住了工作的时机。寻找信息提示词寻找信息提示词例1 The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27 who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on 28 27. A. p
25、arents B. students C. teachers D. drivers28. A. sooner B. later C. faster D. earlier小试牛刀小试牛刀牢记固定搭配牢记固定搭配 例2 On April 12, 1888, Alfreds brother Ludwing died of heart attack. A major French newspaper _ his brother for him and A. found B. misunderstood C. mistook D. judged小试牛刀小试牛刀贯穿全文贯穿全文例3 Nobel arran
26、ged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great _ to the causes of peace, literature, and the science. A. additions B. sacrifices C. changes D. contributions小试牛刀小试牛刀 文章首句要重视，全篇理解有启示。文章首句要重视，全篇理解有启示。 记叙体裁为主体，通读全文明旨意。记叙体裁为主体，通读全文明旨意。 填空多是实意词，四个选项巧设计，填空多是实意词，四个选项巧设计， 词类范畴必同一。确定最正确靠逻辑，词类范畴必同一。确定最正确靠逻辑， 字里行间找信息。个别填空借常识，字里行间找信息。个别填空借常识， 相近词义细辨析。习惯用法靠记忆，相近词义细辨析。习惯用法靠记忆， 复读反思再核实。复读反思再核实。应试口诀应试口诀演练提高演练提高 完成对应专题练习完成对应专题练习