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1、Grammar -Subject 主语可以用下面这些成分表示：名主语可以用下面这些成分表示：名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、词组、从句。词组、从句。Subject 主语主语 e.g. Are there other universes outside our own? 我们的宇宙之外还有别的宇宙吗？我们的宇宙之外还有别的宇宙吗？ Who is on the phone? 谁来电话？谁来电话？ Two-thirds of them are college students. 他们中间三分之二是大学生。他们中间三分之二是大学生。 Reading French is
2、 easier than speaking it. 阅读法语比讲法语容易。阅读法语比讲法语容易。 To understand this sentence is difficult. 理解这句话有点困难。理解这句话有点困难。 “Safety First” is our slogan. “安全第一安全第一”是我们的口号。是我们的口号。What she saw gave her a little fright. 她看到的情况使她有点吃惊。她看到的情况使她有点吃惊。Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever.他为什么这样做将永远是个谜。他为什么这样做将永远是个
3、谜。 You can find the subject of a sentence if you can find the verb. Ask the question, “Who or what verbs or verbed?” and the answer to that question is the subject.e.g. Ashrita Furman is a sportsman who likes the challenge of breaking Guinness records.【注意注意】1. In English, the subject of a command, o
4、rder, or suggestion - you, the person being directed is usually left out of the sentence and is said to be the understood subject.e.g. 1. You step lively there, or Ill leave you behind! 2. Before assembling the swing set, you read these instructions carefully.2. For purpose of sentence analysis, the
5、 doer or the initiator of an action in a sentence is referred to as the agent of the sentence. In an active sentence, the subject is the agent.e.g. 1. The Johnsons added a double garage to their house. 2. The jury returned a verdict of manslaughter.1. Underline the subject in these sentences.1. Ever
6、ything that we do is a step in one direction or another. Even the failure to do something is in itself a deed. It sets us forward or backward.Exercise on P5 2. Some conceptions of a gentleman are these: a gentleman is always considerate for the feelings of others; he has tact-he knows how to say and
7、 to do the right thing at the right time. 3. To regret ones errors to the point of not repeating them is true repentance. 4. The best companion is one who is wiser and better than ourselves, for we are inspired by his wisdom and virtue to nobler deeds. 5. Being happy is better than being king.Worryi
8、ngTwo headsThose who do not learn from historyTo travel hopefullyFailing to planA man who asksare doomed to repeat it.is a fool for five minutes.are better than one.never did anyone any good.is planning to fail.is a better thing than to arrive.ExerciseA man who never asksThe one who understandsThe o
9、ne who speaksWhat is donedoes not speak.cannot be undone. does not understand. is a fool for life.1.大山里静谧的氛围是我喜爱的。大山里静谧的氛围是我喜爱的。 The peaceful atmosphere of the mountains is the thing I love the most.Translation2. 参加比赛给我很大的成就感。参加比赛给我很大的成就感。 Participating in the competition gives me a great feeling of
10、 accomplishment.3.在电话上谈话几个小时是我不能理解在电话上谈话几个小时是我不能理解 的事。的事。 Speaking on the phone for hours is something I can not understand.4. 到奥运会上去比赛是我的梦想。到奥运会上去比赛是我的梦想。 To compete at the Olympics is my dream.5. 她为学校所做的一切使学生和教职员她为学校所做的一切使学生和教职员工非常感激。工非常感激。 What she did for school was greatly appreciated by the st
11、udents and staff.在空格中填入一个适当的词或用所给词在空格中填入一个适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空：的适当形式填空：1. _ (play) football in the street is dangerous.2. It would be nice _ (see) him again.3. The _ (disable) should not be looked down upon.4. _ was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that.Playingto seedisabledIt5. _ he will
12、 be sent abroad or not has not been decided so far.6. _ a book sells well depends on various factors.7. So naughty is the _ that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.8. His _ (express) told me that he got angry then.WhetherWhether / Thatboyexpression考题：考题：_ the meeting himself ga
13、ve them a great deal of encouragementA. The president will attend B. The president to attendC. The president attended D. The presidents attending本题考查动名词复合结构作主语。动名本题考查动名词复合结构作主语。动名词复合结构作主语，须用名词的所有格，词复合结构作主语，须用名词的所有格，然后加动名词，其余选择均构不成合理句然后加动名词，其余选择均构不成合理句子结构。子结构。D -Whats made Tony so upset? -I believe _
14、the game. It shocked him so much. A. for losing B. lost C. losing D. because of losing【解析】答案为【解析】答案为C。What 在问句中做主语，在问句中做主语，回答主语的问题只能用动名词结构与之呼应，回答主语的问题只能用动名词结构与之呼应，其他各项不能做主语其他各项不能做主语。 Finish all of the Vocabulary and Grammar exercises and write Exercises 2-3 on Pages 53-54 in your exercise books.Homework