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1、高二英语如何做单项选择题冀教版【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容：如何做单项选择题英语试题中单项选择题主要考查词法、句法、习惯用语、英语会话和词语辨析等内容。该题覆盖面宽，是一个多功能的考试题。考生答该题时，一要加强对各选项的比拟和筛选，二要切中语义，把握语境，全力捕捉题干信息，因此考生做好单项选择题需掌握以下方法一语言习惯比拟法 在做某些日常用语题时，要注意汉英两种语言习惯的不同，切忌用中文的思维模式去对待英语。如： 1I had a really good weekend at my uncles. _NMET99 A. Oh, thats very nice of you.B. Congrat
2、ulations. C. Its a pleasure.D. Oh，Im glad to hear that. 分析：对话的第一句暗示：两人是在为一个好消息而快乐。但这不值得祝贺，不用B，也不是主动请求做某事，也不用C，也不是因对方做了某事而感谢，所以也不用A，根据英语国家语言习惯应该选D。2Waiter！NMET _ I cant eat this. Its too salty. A. Yes，sirB. WhatC. All rightD. Pardon分析：根据前后句提供的信息可知：顾客在用餐时对菜肴不满意，叫效劳员前往效劳，D和C不符合情景，B为中文式英语，根据英语语言习惯，听到喊声，
3、首先应答yes，然后用升调表示请问需要什么效劳，故答案为A。二词语辨析法 做词义辨析题应认真比拟，仔细区分。有时仅从同义或语法角度看，四个答案都可以，但把它们仔细识别后，就会发现它们之间的细微差异。如： Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?Yes. They have better players, so I _them to win. NMET99 A. hopeB. prefer C. expect D. want 分析：prefer表示取舍，不符题意，hope后不能接不定式作宾补，want表示要求，expect表示“期望，最切合题意，又符
4、合语法结构，故答案为C。三语境考虑法 有些单项选择题通过创设某种语境，把语言知识融入其中，做题时一定要正确理解题干含义，抓住上下文语境，领会整句话的言外之意。如： If you want to change for a double room, youll have to pay_$15. NMET A. anotherB. other C. more D. each 分析：该题题干含义为：如果你想换成双人房，你得再付15美元。根据语境，空格处应为“外加，再，又之意，故A为最正确选项。四语法分析法 有些常考工程如时态、语态、非谓语动词、主从复合句等年年考，它们有严格的使用规那么和运用规律。考试
5、时借助语法分析会使许多难题迎刃而解。如： 1Ive worked with children before，so I know what _ in my new job. NMET A. expected B. to expectC. to be expecting D. expects 分析：此题考查“疑问词不定式的用法。“疑问词带to的不定式结构，起名词词组的作用，在该句中作know的宾语。疑问代词what与不定式to expect之间具有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以最正确答案为B。 2How are you today？NMET Oh，I _ _ as ill as I do now for
6、a long time. A. didnt feel B. wasnt feeling C. dont feelD. havent felt 分析：该题考查动词的时态。从第二个会话者说的for a long time这一时间状语可以确定，答句的主句应用现在完成时的否认式表示“未完成。比拟状语从句中的谓语动词do是动词性替代，代替前面的feel ill，是拿以前的病情和现在相比。该句的意思是“我好久都没有感到病得像现在这样厉害。答案选D。五标点提示法 标点符号虽小，但有时却能提供许多信息如：句末问号为特殊问句，句末感慨号为感慨句，句中逗号，提示非限制性定语从句，或分词作状语，人名前后用逗号，提示
7、称呼等，从而确定从哪个角度入手，思路正确，解题快捷。如： 1When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door , Sorry to miss you; will call later.NMET99 A. read B. readsC. to read D. reading 分析：此句有逗号隔开需用分词作伴随状语，选D。不定式C作状语不用逗号隔开。 2Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，_of course，made the others unhappy
8、. NMET A. who B. which C. this D. what 分析：该题考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。根据空格前的逗号判断为非限制性定语从句，用关系代词应代表前面整个主句的内容，只能选B。六句子结构透视法 1The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _ _ the next year. NMET A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 分析：通览全句，可知句子宾语plan后接由that引导的一个定语从句，且先行词the
9、plan是定语从句中see的宾语由that代替，see后跟复合宾语结构，由于that是宾补carry out的承受者，故宾补用过去分词，即定语从句中包含“see过去分词句型。答案为C。 2_you had a good time with them ? A. When it was that B. When was it that C. Was it when that D. Was it that when 分析：浏览四个答案可知：这是一个强调句变成的特殊疑问句，复原为强调句是：It was last night that you had a good time with them . 对此
10、句划线局部提问即为：When was it that you had. . . ？故答案为B。七关键词法许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词(key words)。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口，例：He hardly hurt himself in the accident, _?A. doesnt he B. didnt he C. did he D. does he该题中hardly与hurt是起关键作用的词。凡陈述局部含有hardly, never, little, few等否认意义的词时，反意疑问句用肯定形式；而hu
11、rt一词的过去式与原形相同，此处hurt未加s，应为过去式。因此此题答案C是正确的。八类推法如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小，不妨利用“如果A对，那么B也对的类推法，从而可将A、B予以否认，例： Whos the man at the door?_ . A. He is a doctor B. He is a friend of mineC. He is a famous singer D. He is twenty仔细分析备选答案就可发现：A、C选项针对的是“职业。假设A是对的，那么C也会是对的。D答复的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。九前后照应法此方法多用于由 He isnt a t
12、eacher, is he? _. He works in a hospital. A. Yes, he is B. No, he isnt C. Yes, he isnt D. No, he is此题考查否认句的反意疑问句的答复。由后半句的答复，我们知道“他“不，No的实际含义为“是。因此应选择的是B。十排除法根据题干提供的信息，先把一眼就能看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验，区分真伪，例：The girl asked the teacher _. A. what does the museum looks like B. what did the museu
13、m look likeC. what the museum looks like D. what the museum looked like此题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种时态，故A、C被排除。而B中词序有错误，所以D为正确答案。做单项选择题总的思路如下：1. 形似意近者先。实践告诉我们，选择题所给选项形式相似性越大，或意义越相近，难度就会越大。假设四个选项形意各不相近，那么属记忆性的考查，只要记住一定的知识就能迎刃而解。形似意近者因其考查内容具有复杂性、广阔性和灵活性，要作出正确的选择就必须具有相当坚实的根底知识才行。相似性越
14、大，干扰性越大，但答案隐含在其中的可能性也就随之增大。所以，解题时可以将目标首先就定在形似意近的选项上。高考选择题选项设计一般为两项相似，三项相似的不多，四项相似的那么更少，相比拟而言，还不是太难。 2. 互为相反者先。互为相反者指形式相反或意义相反的两个并列选项。只要理解上稍出过失，即可使思维误入歧途，从而得出完全相反的结果。但实质上也已明显透露了答案就在两者之中，非此即彼。高考语态和时态的考查题设计常常如此。3. 反向思维法。反向思维法又称逆向思维法。习惯于按常规知识解题之后，如果遇到一些与常情不符的题目，就会感到不知所措，无所适从。其实这恰恰是编题者的高明之处，因为此类考题正好切中了英语
15、教学的难点、要害，常为中国学生难以掌握或极易混淆之点。不过，越是这样，越是不必惊慌。只要反其道而行之，解此类题就会易如反掌。尤其是破解主谓一致题或冠词考查题，运用此法如探囊取物。4. 排斥法。几乎每道题的破解均须采用此法。吃准两个选项时，有时已有的认知结构仍然不能解决问题，或许对其中一项一窍不通，但如果能确定其中一项肯定不对，那么另一项必是答案无疑。因为此法使用十分普遍，恕不举例。5. 重视固定搭配。任何一种语言都有大量的固定搭配词组，英语也不例外。那些约定俗成的词组，不可随便更改，否那么就会不伦不类，令人费解。因此我们必须对其高度重视，认真对待。实质上，这类题属于记忆性的考查，因为固定的搭配
16、必定产生固定的意思，一旦记住了它的搭配和意思，解题就不会困难。6. 注意英汉两种文化习惯表达的差异。英汉语言属两种不同的文化，其习惯表达必然有别，有些习惯表达差异悬殊。中国学生学习英语时大多已具有十多年的汉语接触史，汉语的表达方式可以说已在他们的头脑中根深蒂固，形成了思维定势，讲话时不需任何思考就能脱口而出，且能表达正确，语句标准。当他们学习与汉语截然不同的英语时，很自然会受到汉语习惯表达的干扰，尤其是两种文化习惯表达正好迥然相异或容易受到思维定势的影响时，出过失的可能性极大。如何有效地克服汉语的干扰，尽量使汉语学习的能力发生正迁移，从而尽可能地提高英语学习的效率，这需要我们特别注意英汉习惯表
17、达的差异之处，此乃英语教学的难点所在，试题自然不会轻易放过这一点。【模拟试题】一、单项选择11. The purpose of the new plan is to make life easier, _ it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make2. It seems impossible for you to cover that long distance! In no way _ give up.A. shall I B. must I C. I shall D. I will3. The
18、 French pianist who had been praised very highly_ to be a great disappointment.A. turned up B. turned in C. turned down D. turned out4. Please dont forget him. He is one of_.A. those invited B. invited those C. those invitingD. inviting those5. Im _ that the_ story made everybody sad.A. surprising,
19、moving B. surprised, moved C. surprised, moving D. surprising, moved6. _ he failed in the important exam made his parents_.A. What, disappointed B. What, disappointingC. That, disappointed D. That, to be disappointed7. _ came_ all the prisoners were set free.A. Words, thatB. Word, ifC. Word, thatD.
20、Words, what8. This is a new kind of machine_ parts are all made by ourselves.A. which B. that C. those D. whose9. He asked me what _.A. was the matter B. the matter was C. is the matter D. the matter is10. It was only later _ people realized his greatness.A. which B. who C. what D. that11. At the en
21、d of this meeting, they _ an agreement that both sides should respect each other.A. arrived B. held C. reached D. touched12. She is a strange girl and sometimes her ideas are hard _.A. to be understood B. to understand C. understandingD. understood二、单项选择21. Hello! May I speak to Jack, please?Yes, sp
22、eaking.Oh, I _ your voice at first.A. dont recognize B. didnt recognize C. hadnt recognize D. havent recognized2. Other men live to eat, _ I eat to live.A. and B. when C. while D. or3. Sam speaks _ English like a native. I always admire him.Now he is learning _ more difficult language Arabic.A. an;
23、a B. /; the C. /; a D. the; a4. I like the idea that cattle _ run away when you hunt themA. dont B. doesnt C. didnt D. hadnt5. The kind of humor I like is the thing _ makes me laugh for five seconds and think for ten minutes.A. that B. / C. what D. it6. I think of life as a good book. The further yo
24、u get into it, the more it begins to _.A. have sense B. do sense C. take sense D. make sense7. He is _ scolding his child, which is not a good way to educate him.A. often B. usually C. always D. frequently8. Tom isnt here now._ left by the back door?A. Must he have B. Had he C. Can he have D. Should
25、 he have9. We prefer to die a hero, _ live a slave.A. more than B. other than C. rather than D. better than10. What happened to Mr. Smith early this morning?Oh, he was seen _ down and the driver _ away.A. knock, drive B. knocking, driving C. knocked, drove D. to knock, driven11. Look at the pictures
26、 and see if you can _ the man who attacked you.A. point atB. point toC. point outD. point up12. Parents often talk about the younger generation as if they _ to do with it.A. dont have anything B. didnt have anythingC. have nothingD. had had nothing13. Dont be too _ about things you are not supposed
27、to know.A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. satisfied14. Well build more houses like this in the years _.A. coming B. come C. to come D. will come15. As the proverb _, an enemy in disguise(伪装) is a wolf in sheeps _.A. lies; dress B. says; clothes C. speaks; cloth D. goes; clothing三、单项选择31. Wow ,your
28、 homework looks great!I it on my computer.A. didB. do C. will do D. had done2. I try to make him understand that Im not interested in him ,but he never gets the .A. information B. news C. message D. word3. The new type of cellphone better if it is advertised on TV.A. will sell B. sells C. would sell
29、 D. sold4. Some people waste a lot of food others in the world havent enough to eat.A. after B. when C. as D. while5. Over 30,000 people in the huge earthquake that occurred in India.A. have killed B. were killed C. killed D. are killed6. Would you please say your number again? I didnt just now.A. p
30、ut it down B. put it up C. put it out D. put it off7. I have taken someone elses T-shirt by mistake. Is it Janes ?It be hers . She seldom wears red.A. wont B. cant C. neednt D. mustnt8. by his grandparents , Jimmy wasnt used to living with his parents.A. To bring up B. To be brought up C. Brought up
31、 D. Being brought up9. In Shenzhou VI, Chinese astronauts arent only spaceship drivers, machine repairers and scientists.A. so B. or C. and D. but10. I think you have too much luggage ,dont you?Yes. But its not easy to decide what to behind.A. take B. turn C. keep D. leave11. To test which foods are
32、 better for a long space journey, the astronauts in Shenzhou VI had as many as 50 dishes .A. to choose B. to be chosen C. to choose from D. to be chosen from 12. A good ad often uses words people attach positive meanings.A. in which B. to which C. which D. that13. Peter has been out of work for half
33、 a year, so he wants to a job in this company .A. prepare forB. apply forC. wait forD. care for14. How long are you staying there? depends.A. It B. Anything C. This D. Everything15. In which play of Shakespeares is it Viola appears?A. where B. which C. who D. that【试题答案】一、112 BADACCCDADCB二、115 BCCAADCCCCCBCCD三、115 ACADBABCDDCBBAD