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1、市高考英语阅读理解、完形填空及阅读类训练3答案及解析Words：318难度系数：建议用时：9分钟The treadle pump is based on a design developed in the 1970s by Norwegian engineer Gunnar Barnes.It can be made locally.The treadle pump is easy to build from bamboo or other wood and has two metal cylinders (圆筒) with pistons (活塞)The pistons go up and
2、down as a person stands on lever devicestreadles，and uses a natural walking motion.How many hours a day the pump needs to be operated depends on the season and how much water is needed for crops.It could be two hours a day.It could be seven hours a day.Small children sometimes stand with their paren
3、ts on the treadles.Everyone in the family can take turns operating the pump.The Acumen Fund is a nonprofit group that invests in business projects to fight poverty.It studied the effects of treadle pumps in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.Uttar Pradesh has three treadle pump manufacturers and more
4、 than seventythree thousand pumps.Acumen reported that families using them ate more vegetables，because they were able to grow more to eat and to sell.Many of these families also drank more milk，because they bought a cow with their added earnings.Men with treadle pumps often no longer have to leave t
5、he farm to seek extra work in cities.The pump can also improve education.Farmers often use their extra earnings to buy books for their children or to pay for schooling.A farmer in Zambia said he hoped to have enough money in three years to buy a dieselpowered pump (柴油泵)Then he could grow more crops
6、over a larger area.But the world economic crisis has had an effect on some farmers.IDE executive director Zenia Tata says some who were able to buy diesel pumps now do not have enough money to buy fuel.So they are using their treadle pumps again.【解题导语】脚踏泵因其简单、易行、实用之特点在世界的广阔贫困地区得以推广。它在帮助农民脱贫致富方面显示了独特
7、的作用。13The treadle pump_.Ais invented by an American engineerBis mainly made of metalCconsists of two cylinders with pistonsDconsists of two cylinders with an engine解析：选C。事实细节题。根据第二段第一句可知答案为C。14It can be inferred from the passage that _.Ait is easy to learn how to operate the treadle pumpBit is diffi
8、cult to build a treadle pumpCthe treadle pump is used more in winter than in summerDoperating the treadle pump can keep fit解析：选A。推理判断题。易错选D，但文中没有依据，无法推知。根据第四段，小孩也可帮助，家庭中每个人都可参与，可推知选A。15Each treadle pump manufacturer in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh has produced on average about _.A18,000 pumps B
9、24,000 pumpsC37,000 pumps D73,000 pumps解析：选B。数据推算题。根据第五段第三句可知，该州共三家生产商，共有七万三千多架脚踏泵，平均每家生产两万四千架左右，应选B。16Why does the farmer in Zambia hope to buy a dieselpowered pump?ABecause he wants to grow crops on a larger scale.BBecause he hates to leave the farm to seek fortune in cities.CBecause a dieselpower
10、ed pump is cheaper than before.DBecause oil is much cheaper than before.解析：选A。事实细节题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知答案。*结束第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。 Freda Bright says, Only in opera do people die of love. Its true. You really cant love somebody to death. Ive known peopl
11、e to die from no love, but Ive never known anyone to be loved to death. We just cant love one another enough. A heart-warming story tells of a woman 36 decided to ask her boss for a 37 in salary. All day she felt 38 and worried. Late in the afternoon she summoned the 39 to approach her employer. To
12、her 40 , the boss agreed to a raise. The woman arrived home that evening, finding a beautiful table 41 with their best dishes. Candles were softly glowing. Her husband had come home 42 and prepared a festive meal. She 43 if someone from the office had tipped him off, or . did he just somehow know th
13、at she would not get _44 ? She found him in the kitchen and told him the 45 news. They embraced and kissed, then sat down to the wonderful 46 Next to her plate the woman found a beautifully lettered note. It 47_ Congratulations, darling ! I knew youd get the raise! These things will tell you how muc
14、h I love you. Following the supper, her husband went into the 48 to clean up. She noticed that a second card had fallen from his pocket. Picking it off the 49 , she read: Don t worry about not getting the raise! You 50 it anyway! These things will tell you how much I love you. Someone has said that
15、the measure of love is when you love without 51 . What this man feels for his 52 is total acceptance and love, 53 she succeeds or fails. His love celebrates her victories and soothes (抚慰，减轻) her 54 . He stands with her, no matter what life throws 55 their direction. Upon receiving the Nobel Peace Pr
16、ize, Mother Teresa said: What can you do to promote world peace? Go home and love your family. And love your friends. Love them without measure.36. A. she B. who C. whom D. which37. A. development B. promise C. raise D. post38. A. nervous B. happy C. excited D. sorry39. A. strength B. courage C. pow
17、er D. tongue40. A. regret B. disappointment C. horror D. delight41. A. decorated B. fulfilled C. prepared D. set42. A. early B. hurriedly C. happily D. angrily43. A. asked B. understood C. wondered D. guessed44. A. turned up B. turned over C. turned down D. turned in45. A. shocking B. unimportant C.
18、 Unlucky D. good46. A. discussion B. meal C. ceremony D. holiday47. A. read B. wrote C. showed D. told48. A. bedroom B. study C. kitchen D. garden49. A. bed B. floor C. table D. plate50. A. deserve B. own C. request D. remember51. A. worry B. way C. method D. measure52. A. employee B. wife C. friend
19、 D. colleague53. A. whether B. if C. when D. how54. A. happiness B. tears C. wounds D. duties55. A. to B. from C. for D. in36B(解析：该处为定语从句，指人，且作主语。)37C (解析：从本段的最后一句以及第四段都可判断出她是要求加薪。)38A(解析：可以想象得到向老板要求加薪的心情，一定是“紧张不安。与worried对应的应该是nervous。)39B(解析：尽管紧张不安，最后她还是去了，因此是“鼓足了勇气。“鼓起勇气做某事常表达为get the strength to
20、 do sth或summon the courage to do sth。)40D(解析：老板容许加薪，她自然非常快乐。)41D(解析：这里的意思是“回家后发现漂亮的餐桌上已经摆满了丰富的菜肴，set这里是过去分词，意为“放置。)42A(解析：由后面的prepared a festival meal可知丈夫提早回家准备了一顿庆祝宴。)43C (解析：这里是她的猜测。tip off是“向透露消息 的意思。)44C (解析：这里的意思是“他怎么知道她不会被拒绝?)45D(解析：加薪自然是个好消息。)46B(解析：坐下来共享美餐。)47A(解析：read除了用人作主语，表示“阅读外，还可以用有文字的
21、东西作主语，表示“上面写着。)48C (解析：clean up本意为“清扫，整理，这里是指晚餐后的洗碗，这样的活一般在厨房里做。)49B(解析：口袋里掉出来的卡片应该是落在地上。)50A(解析：deserve意为“应受，该得。you deserve it anyway的意思是“不管怎样，是该给你加薪了。)51D(解析：the measure of love is when you love without measure的意思是“爱韵限度就是无限度地去爱。文章的最后一句会给你启示。)52B(解析：意思是“这个男人给予他妻子完全包容和爱。)53A(解析：whether与or一起连用。)54C (
22、解析：这里的意思是“庆祝她的胜利，也抚平她的创伤。)55D(解析：介词in常与direction搭配，表示“朝方向。)*结束Health, Wellness and the Politics of Food9：009：45 am.Blue TentPanelists (成员)：Jami Bernard, David Kamp, Marion Nestle and Peter Singer.Hosted by Denise Grady, science writer for The New York Times.How does what we eat not only affect our b
23、odies, but also the world？The food and nutrition experts debate the role that the diet plays in both personal and global health, and present a look at food politics.Sports Writing：For the Love of the Game9：5010：35 am. Blue TentPanelists：Christine Brennan, Ira Rosen, Joe Wallace and Joe Drape.Hosted
24、by William CRhoden, sports writer for The New York Times.Whether catching that key moment of victory or defeat, or covering breaking news, sports writers are anything but audience.Listen as some professionals discuss the special experience in reporting of sports news.The Art of the Review11：1512：00
25、am.Green TentPanelists：John Freeman, Barry Gewen, David Orr, Celia McGee and Jennifer Schuessler.Hosted by Sam Tanenhaus, editor for The New York Times Book Review.How much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？Join this group of critics(评论家) as they discuss the reality of book review
26、 and bestseller lists, and how they choose books for review.New York Writers, New York Stories3：003：45 pm.Green TentPanelists: Cindy Adams, Richard Cohen, Ric Klass and Lauren Redniss.Hosted by Clyde Haberman, columnist (专栏作家) for the City Section of The New York Times.Join this inspiring group of N
27、ew Yorkcentric writers as they talk about why New York is a gold mine of ideas for their work.1If you are free in the afternoon, you can attend _.AThe Art of the ReviewBNew York Writers, New York StoriesCHealth, Wellness and the Politics of FoodDSports Writing: For the Love of the Game2If you like s
28、ports writing, you will most probably _.Ago to Blue Tent at 11：15 am.Benjoy Jami Bernards talkClisten to Christine BrennanDattend The Art of the Review3Sam Tanenhaus is in charge of _.AThe Art of the ReviewBHealth, Wellness and the Politics of FoodCNew York Writers, New York StoriesDSports Writing：F
29、or the Love of the Game4All the four activities above _.Aare about writingBwill last 45 minutes eachCcan be attended freelyDwill attract many readers5We can learn from the text that_.Asports writers are a type of audienceBThe New York Times is popular CDenise Grady will discuss politicsDbook reviews
30、 may affect book sales*结束 (1)Napoleon agreed to plans for a tunnel(隧道) under the English Channel in 1802. The British began digging one in 1880. Neither tunnel was completed. Europe has had to wait until the end of the 20th century for the Channel Tunnel. After nearly two centuries of dreaming, the
31、island of Great Britain is connected to Continental Europe for the first time since the Ice Age, when the two land masses moved apart.On May 6, 1994, Britains Queen Elizabeth and Frances President Mitterrand carried out the official opening. The Queen was accompanied(陪同) on her train journey through
32、 the historic tunnel by one of her Rolls-Royce cars which was placed on the train. The following day saw celebrations taking place in Folkestone and Calais. Regular public services did not start until the latter part of 1994.1. The island of Great Britain is _.A. connected to France all the timeB. s
33、eparated from France with a tunnelC. separated from France all the timeD. joined to France with the tunnel2. Queen Elizabeth _ at the opening.A. took her car Rolls-Royce through the tunnelB. took her car which was placed on her train through the tunnelC. took her train through the tunnelD. took Mitt
34、errands train through the tunnel3. Before 1994, one could go to Britain from France _.A. only by shipB. by ship or planeC. by car or trainD. by ship, car or train4. Which of the following is right?A. Napoleon made plans for the tunnel.B. The public could pass through the tunnel by train after May 6,
35、 1994.C. The tunnel was built for two centuries.D. The tunnel will do great good to Britain and France.【答案与解析】本文主要讲述拿破仑早在1802年就同意在英吉利海底修建隧道的方案，英国在1880年就开始挖掘，但都没有完成。大约两个世纪后，即到了1994年，大不列颠岛和欧洲大陆才由海底隧道连接起来。1. D。语义理解题。从第1段the island of Great Britain is connected to Continental Europe for the first time s
36、ince the Ice Age 可以看出the island of Great Britain和France是由the tunnel连接起来的。2. C。语义理解题。第2段第2句话The Queen was accompanied(陪同) on her train journey through the historic tunnel by one of her Rolls-Royce cars which was placed on the train 已明确告知Queen Elizabeth是怎么去参加开幕典礼的。3. B。判断题。既然1994年以前没有隧道，那当然只有坐船或乘飞机从英国
37、去法国。4. D。判断题。拿破仑是同意修建隧道的方案，并不是制定方案，故排除A项；接近1994年底，公众才能够坐火车穿过隧道，B项不对；文章并没有说隧道建了多长时间，C项也不对；而隧道修建成功时，英、法两国元首都出席，由此可见隧道对两国的重要性。*结束II. 篇章练习If you are a junior or a senior at college , you may be frequently asked, What would you like to do in the future? Whenever people ask me this question, my answer is
38、always the same, To be a teacher. Why I think this , the following maybe help you understand my idea . When I entered the school at the age of 7, teaching has been my favorite profession all the time. My dream of being a teacher was rooted in my childhood. The good natured, patient and strict teache
39、rs in primary school made a strong impression on me. As I grow up, I know more about my desired profession. Teachers are the engineers of human soul. That is to say, they play roles in the forming and shaping of students intellectual and psychological make-up. Teachers are lifelong learners while in
40、structing students.Nowadays governments at all levels put more stress on the roles of education in information society, versatile teachers are urgently needed. To be a qualified teacher in the new century, I must prepare right now. Rosy dream and firm will can not be automatically translated into te
41、aching methods and job skills. In short, I will make efforts to do well my favorite job teaching.1. 直接推断题。直接推断题目是目前阅读考试坚持深层理解的主要题型。要求学生理解文章的表层意义，紧扣文章的具体事实，综合利用文章提供的信息，做出符合逻辑的推理。题中常含有：imply, suggest, conclude等。2. 依据文章的论述推断作者的观点、意图和态度以及写作手法的题目。虽不含infer, imply等推断词，但也需要考生推断和识别，因此可以称为含蓄推断题。作者的观点、意图和态度有主观
42、和客观两种。主观态度一般只能从字里行间推断出来。要特别注意作者在文章中的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词，在客观描述中，作者的态度往往 II. 1. C。推理判断题。A. teaching has been the authors favorite profession all the time和D. versatile teachers are urgently needed正确，但却是文章中明确说的，不是从文章中推断出来的；答案B从文中最后一段 Nowadays governments at all levels put more stress on the roles of educat
43、ion in information society可知是正确的。答案C是从文中最后一段最后一句“In short, I will make efforts to do well my favorite job teaching.可知C是正确选项。2. C。推理判断题。通过第二段第一和第二两句话可知A是正确的；通过最后一段第一句话可知B和D 是正确的； 通过最后一段“Rosy dream and firm will can not be automatically translated into teaching methods and job skills. In short, I will
44、 make efforts to do well my favorite job teaching.可知是不容易的。应选C。单词百宝箱peel v. 剥落Too much heat will make the bark wrinkle and peel.过热会使树皮起皱并剥落。register vi. & vt.记录; 登记; 注册In former times, only property owners could be registered as voters.从前,只有有财产的人才能登记作选民。swing vt. & vi. (使)摇摆; (使)旋转The monkey was swinging in the tree.猴子在树上荡来荡去。recall vt.召回The makers have recalled a lot of cars that were unsafe.制造商们已收回了大批不符合平安规格的汽车。exposure n. 暴露,显露I threatened them with public exposure.我扬言要公开揭发他们。hazard 危险; 公害Are you aware of the hazards of moun