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1、阅读微技能训练2词义句义推断题(2) 稳固练习AUsually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of current answers. That question is “Whats your name? Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.Have you ever wondered about peoples nam
2、es? Where do they come from? What do they mean?Peoples first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could
3、be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness; Donald means “world ruler; Leonard means “as brave as a lion.The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the nam
4、e Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook (小溪); someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from peoples occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who make
5、s things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbo
6、rs in their native village. The Carpenters great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the
7、gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.Some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name. English-speaking people adde
8、d s or son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts familys ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the ODonnells are descendants of the same Donnell.1. Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the
9、passage NOT cover?A. Places where people lived. B. Peoples characters.C. Talents that people possessed. D. Peoples occupations.2. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _.A. owned or drove a cart B. made things with metalsC. made kitchen tools or contains D. built
10、 houses and furniture3. Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _.A. Beatrice Smith B. Leonard CarterC. George Longstreet D. Donald Greenwood4. The underlined word “descendants in the last paragra
11、ph means a persons _. A. later generations B. friends and relativesC. colleagues and partners D. later sponsorsBForget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed, for many of the poorest regions (地区)of the world, it remains the next bi
12、g thingfinally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995; by the number had climbed above 60%. That is some way behind the U.S., where are more TVs than people,
13、 and where people now easily get access to the Internet. Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In , after the fall of the Taliban塔利班,which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by pushing the numbers to wel
14、l beyond two thirds of families.Televisions most powerful effect will be on the lives of women. In India, researchers Robert Jensen and Emily Oster found that when TVs reached villages, women were more likely to go to the market without their husbands approval and less likely to want a boy rather th
15、an a girl. They were more likely to make decisions over child health care. TV is also a powerful medium for adult education. In the Indian state of Gujarat, Chitrageet is a popular show that plays Bollywood songs with words in Gujarati on the screen. Within six months, viewers had made a small but s
16、ignificant (有意义的) improvement in their reading skills.Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.5. The underlined word “outlawed in paragraph 2 probably means “ . A. allowed B. banned C. off
17、ered D. refused6. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Americans used to get access to the Internet easily. B. The worlds TV sets will total 150million by . C.45% of families in the developing countries had a TV in . D. Over two thirds of families in the world will have a TV b
18、y .7. The author intends to . A. stress the advantages of TV to peoples lives B. persuade women to become more independent C. encourage people to improve their reading skills D. introduce the readers some websites such as Google 8. What would be the best title for the passage? A.TV Will Rule the Wor
19、ld B.TV Will Disturb the World C.TV Will Better the World D.TV Will Remain in WorldCMisery and setbacks are not always as terrible as one imagines. Hard times can offer new ways of looking at life that would otherwise never be known. And, if you are a writer, this can be the source of much of your s
20、uccess. Popular British author, Charles Dickens (1812-1870) family could hardly make ends meet(入不敷出). They could only afford to send one of their six children to school.Dickens was not that child. His parents chose to send a daughter, who had a talent for music, to an academy. Then at the age of 12,
21、 Dickens life took another turn for the worse.His father, a clerk, was placed in prison for unpaid debts. And, being the oldest male left at home, Dickens took up work at a factory. His horrible experience there became the fuel for his future writing.His father was freed three months later and inher
22、ited (继承) a small amount of money. Dickens was then sent to school. From 1836 to 1837, he wrote a monthly series of stories. Thus the Pickwick Papers (匹克威克外传), came into being, which brought fame to the 23-year-old man. Throughout his career, Dickens covers various situations in his novels. He wrote
23、 about the miserable lives of the poor in Oliver Twist雾都孤儿, the French Revolution in A Tale of Two Cities, and social reform in Hard Times 艰难时世. He also wrote David Copperfield 大卫科波菲尔, a book thought to be based on his own life.“I do not write bitterly or angrily: for I know all these things have wo
24、rked together to make me what I am, he once said.His difficult childhood did indeed shape the person he became, as well as his writing career. There are shades of young Dickens in many of his most beloved characters, including David Copperfield and Oliver Twist. Like the author, all these characters
25、 come from poor beginnings and are able to rise above their setbacks and achieve success. “Minds, like bodies, will often fall into an ill-conditioned state from too much comfort, he once wrote. On June 9th, 1870, aged 58, Dickens died, leaving one unfinished workThe words on his tombstone read: “He
26、 was a sympathizer(同情者) to the poor, the suffering and the oppressed(受压迫者), and by his death, one of Englands greatest writers is lost to the world.9. The book that called public attention to Dickens was _A. The Pickwick Papers B. Oliver Twist C. A Tale of Two Cities D. David Copperfield10. The phra
27、se “shades of in bold means “_.A. various shapes of B. situations of C. different experiences D. reminders of11. How did Dickens see his childhood?A. He felt grateful for it. B.He felt it a pity that things werent in his favor.C. He loved writing about it.D. He chose to forget the bitterness about i
28、t. 12. From the story, we can see Dickens attitude towards an easy life is _. A. to enjoy it B. to hate it C. not to indulge in (沉湎于) it D. to work hard for itDI WAS BORN and raised in the shadow of the Capitol, in Washington, D.C., as were my parents and my mothers parents.Our row house was on a tr
29、ee-lined street just blocks from the building that was the heart of the federal legislative branch. When I was a child, in the 1940s, friends and I would pack a lunch or ride a streetcar to the Capitol. If we roller-skated, we hid the skates in the bushes in the park across the street before enterin
30、g the building.I knew every corner of the Capitol. Wed play hide-and-seek and pretend we saw ghosts in the halls and stairways. I dont know how we got away with it.I remember the beautiful ladies rooms, with their marble floors and sinks. I pretended that I was a fine lady in them.In those days, you
31、 could walk around the Capitol dome(圆顶屋), which was a little scary for me. I loved the wonderful paintings and statues and the subway rides to the Senate Office Building. It was like an amusement ride. I even used to sit in the gallery of the U.S. House of Representatives until I became bored with a
32、ll the talk and went on another adventure.Whenever I ran up the steps to the huge bronze doors of the Rotunda, I would look back to the world below like a hero. As soon as the doors were opened, the sense of history surrounded me, and I knew it was someplace special.Those were lucky days, when an Am
33、erican citizen could wander in the Capitol and be a part of history.Once war was declared, some things changed in the nations capital.Because of concerns that Washington might be attacked, as London had been, everyone prepared. Kids at my elementary school wore dog tags, and each of us was fingerpri
34、nted.My father, a pipe worker, became a civil defense warden(民防队员). During an air raid, his job was to turn off any leaking gas. Since he always had a cigarette in his mouth, maybe that was not a good choice, but he had a gas mask and flashlight hanging in the rafters of our basementthe mask looked
35、like a monster in the ceiling. My 15-year-old brother was a junior civil defense warden. During air- raid drills, he knocked on doors and asked people to put out their lights. I remember huge searchlights that crisscrossed the skies during the drills, looking for enemy planes.13. From the passage, w
36、e can understand that _.A. The writer attended the meeting in House of Representative B. The writers family lived in Washington D.C. for generationsC. American citizen, except children, could never enter the CapitolD. The writers father had a gas mask to prevent him from smoking 14. When the writer
37、said “I was born and raised in the shadow of the Capitol (1st paragraph), she most probably meant that _. A. she spent her childhood in an area near the Capitol B. she grew up under the pressure of the Capitol C. the Capitol had some bad influence on my childhood D. she was born and brought up secretly in the Capitol 15. What is the writers attitude towards the things that changed in the nations capital? A. neutral B. positive C. negative D. ironic