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1、外研版初一上册英语语法复习内容预览:初一第一学期语法一、题库。1、(A) How is it going? A. Not so bad. B. Its raining. C. Thanks. D. Sorry, I dont know.解析:How is it going? 的意思是“怎么样,一切还好吧?2、Dont read _(A)_. Its bad for your eyes. A. in bed B. on the bed C. at bed D. on bed解析:on the bed (指在床上的物品) in bed在床上的人3、I hope I can swim _(A) a
2、fish.A. like B. likes C. to like4、有四个人组成的家庭 (a family in four people)5、They are all working hard.同义句All of them are working hard.6、There are color pictures on the wall.(对划线句子提问)Whats on the wall?7、We have an Art Festival at our school.(对划线句子提问)What events do you have at your school?8、Whats that in E
3、nglish?=Whats the English for that?9、Ann and Amy are (D)A. twins brother B. twin brothers C. twins sister D. twin sisters解析:名词修饰名词时,作修饰词的名词必须用单数,但只有man woman sport 这三个单词在修饰名词时要用复数。(如:have sports meeting举行运动会 sports shoes运动鞋)10、Who has ice cream for dessert?解析:谓语动词按照主语时单数的形式处理。11、The sweater is blue.
4、(划线提问) What color is the sweater? The blue sweater is mine.(划线提问) Which sweater is yours? 解析:只要提问修饰主语的词,用which。12、He with me goes to a movie. 主语是heHe and me go to a movie. 主语是he and me13、My favorite color is red.=I like red best.注意:1、变疑问句时,只有第一人称变成第二人称,其余人称不变。 2、对人称代词提问要用who,对物主代词提问要用whose。 3、主格在动词前
5、,宾格在动词后;副词后也跟宾格。 4、 5、数字在名词后第一个字母大写:Class One = Class 1 6、everyday 日常的adj. every day 每天词组 7、单复数同行的名词:Japanese Chinese sheep fish deer 8、不可数名词:头发、粉笔、草地、水9、cook 厨师 cooker炊具 10、lots of=a lot of修饰可数名词、不可数名词some修饰可数名词、不可数名词 many修饰可数名词 much修饰不可数名词 11、among三者以上的之间 between两者之间 12、Thats all right.=Thats OK.=
6、You are welcome.=Not at all. (不客气) 13、next to=beside (在旁边) 14、形容词修饰名词;系动词+形容词;副词修饰动词后置 15、have(食物)for(breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner) 什么饭吃什么 16、like 反义词 dislike17、this/next 前不加介词 18、注意几个答句:Happy New Year! The same to you! Happy birthday! Thank you! 19、Whats the date today? 今天几号? What day is it today?
7、 今天星期几? 20、make the beds 整理床 get the ready for 为准备 21、someone is 不定代词后的谓语动词是单数形式 22、序数词前加the,a second one 又一个 23、最富有的单词:bank 最长的单词:smiles24、difficult=hard 反义词:easy二、语法知识。1、缩写:PRC 中华人民共和国 SAR 特别行政区 CCP 中国共产党2、号码:One two one121天气预报One one three国内人工长途挂号One one four市话查号One eight zero 投诉One eight four邮政编
8、码查询One two seven自动无线寻呼台 One one two 障碍台112One six eight移动话费查询 One nine five zero消费者申诉专线3、有关thank:1) thanks for sth.或 thanks for doing sth.例:Thanks for your help.谢谢你的帮助。 Thanks for your moon-cake.谢谢你的月饼。2) thanks=thank you=many thanks=thanks a lot (谢谢)3) thanks for doing sth. (介词后跟名词或动词) 例:Thanks for
9、 helping me.4、有关名词所有格:1)并列的名词各自属于所有格时,须在各名词词尾逐一加“s,但如为两者工有的时,那么只需在后一个名词词尾加“s。例:Tom and Nicks teacher 两人共有的Toms and Nicks teachers 个人所有的2)the photo of your family 你家的照片 注:从前往后翻译的介词3“of+s所有格可以构成双重所有格,表示局部概念。例:This is a photo of Betty. 这是一张贝蒂的照片。照片上的人贝蒂This is a photo of Bettys. 这是贝蒂的一张照片。贝蒂所有照片中的一张,表示
10、局部概念1 ) Toms 表示有生命的“的2of 表示没有生命的4)特殊to:the key to door /the answer to question/the way to school/the trip to5、倒装句:1My family photo is here/there. = Here/there is my family photo.2Tom is here.=Here is Tom. (全部倒装)He is here.=Here he is. (局部倒装)在遇到代词时6、方位词:1on the left 在左边 on the right 在右边 in the middle
11、 在中间2at:构成的介词词组为at home, at school, at the door, at the table/desk3in:构成的介词词组为in the picture/photo, in the window(特殊)4) on:指一个物体在另一个物体之上,而且两者相互接触。5over:指一个物体在另一个物体的上面,但两者不接触。6in front of 在前面 in the front of 在前部内部7、疑问词:1疑问副词:where why when how 及物动词2疑问代词:what who which whose how old how much 不及物动词8、动词
12、:1) 及物动词:动词+sth.2) 不及物动词:动词+to+sth.3是动词be 否认句:在be动词后+not 疑问句:be动词提前4实义动词 I know. I dont know. Do you know?He/she/it knows. He/she/it doesnt know. Does he/she/it know?Tom knows. Tom doesnt know. Does Tom know?5)动词在遇到here, there, home时不需要加to。因为这三个单词都是副词6 系动词:be+adj. (系表结构) look/sound/feel/smell/不是系动词:
13、eat well work hard形容词、副词:friendly/lovely1)adj.+ly=adv. (beautiful-beautifully quiet-quietly quick-quickly)现在进行时:be9、bring take get10、名词:11、family:1单数is旅游 2复数are脖子以上的器官12、有关“花:1)pay (v.)pay for sth. / pay money for sth. / pay sb. money for sth.(n,)u overtime pay 加班费 get my pay 给我钱2)spend3)cost4)take注
14、:Im take it/them.=Ill have it/them. 不能说Ill buy it/them.询问价钱:How much is the book?=What price of the book?13、几种“看:1look:构成词组为look at,表示动作构成词组:look for 寻找表动作 find 寻找表结果 look out查清楚look after=take care of 照看 look over 检查身体2see:表示结果,意思为“看见3watch:常构成词组为watch TV,表示聚精会神的看4read:常构成词组为read book,表示看书、报14、几种“好
15、:1fine:Its fine.2well:Im well.adj.表示身体好 do well (adv.修饰动词)3good:Im good.adj.表示品质好15、like:1 I like bananas very much./a lot 我非常喜欢香蕉。I like bananas a little. 我有一点喜欢香蕉。I dont like bananas at all. 我一点都不喜欢香蕉。2like doing 表示习惯性的喜欢 like to do 表示一次性的喜欢3like不仅充当动词,也可以作为副词用,当副词时,翻译为“像,一般构成“look like。16、there b
16、e句型:1there be 句型有就近原那么:例:There are two pencils and a pen. There is a pen and two pencils.2特殊疑问句的答复为Yes, there is/are. No, there is/are not.17、定语后置:the book on the table 桌子上的书定语后置the book is on the table18、在树上:on the tree表示本来长在树上的,比方苹果in the tree表示外来的,比方鸟19、询问职业:Whats she? = What does she do? = Whats
17、 her job?20、“其他的区别:1other boys=others无范围 the other boys (有范围)=the others(有范围)2the other 指两者另外一个 another 指三者以上的另外一个3else:放在特殊疑问词后:what else放在不定代词后:something else21、也:1also, too都用于肯定句其中also用于句中,too用于句末2either用于否认句句末例:I am a student, too.=Im also a student.3so+助动词+人称 表示“也是neither+助动词+人称 表示“也不是22、each每一
18、个:1)each作we的同位语,真正的主语是we不是each,所以动词要跟着主语走,each在句中一般不起什么作用。we each have2)each做主语是单数概念,所以动词为第三人称单数。例:Each of us has a backpack.23、介词about的后面可接名词、代词宾格和动词的-ing形式。例:What about having supper?介词后面接名词、代词宾格和动词的-ing形式24、在be动词后的用形容词构成系表结构。例:The door is closed, but the windows are open. (close是动词的词性,closed是形容词词
19、性,而open本身就有动词、形容词两个词性)25、no修饰cu c:no=not a I have no pen.=I have not a pen.u:no=not any Therere no books.=Therere not any books.26、helpn.u some helpI help him to study English.=I help him with English. help sb. (to) do sth.有关“路:1)street 马路,大道2)avenue 第几大道ave3)road 乡村小路,公路4)way 抽象的(this way, please.)
20、穿过:1across (外表) across the road/bridge go across=cross2through (空间) through the wood3pass=go across/through问路句型:1) Is there near here (in the neighborhood)?2) Where is ?3) Do you know the way to ?4) How can I get to,please?5) Which is the way to .?6) Can you tell me the way to.?7) I want to go to do
21、 you know the way?8)Can you find the way to.?指路句型:1)go down/along 2)go straight3)turn left/right4)take the first acrossing on the right=turn right at the first acrossing5)to the end6) 问:Sorry ,I dont know. 答:Thank you all the samein ones+十的倍数的基数词的复数,表示“在十多岁的时候。by bike=on his/the/a bike by car=in a/t
22、he car家: family 表示家庭成员house 表示房屋home 表示抽象的家one:1one代指上文提到的同类东西c 例:I have a red pen. I have a blue one.2one代指上文提到的同类东西c的复数形式例:I have red pens. I have blue ones.3与it区分:it 是指上文提到的,而one是同类东西。“真的区别:1real:a real man表示真实 2ture:a ture man表示抽象“学习的区别:1study:研究 2learn:learn English learn to do 得知几种“说:1speak:sp
23、eak+语言及物动词 speak to sb. 对说不及物动词speak a little English speak good English speak English well2say:say+说话的内容及物动词3talk:talk to(with) sb. about sth. have a talk(听一个报告) give a talk(做一个报告)4tell:tell a lie/story tell sb. sth. tell sb. to do sth.否认转移:例:I dont think it is good.时间:1seven thirty 7:30 six forty
24、6:402右:past 几分过几点 例:a quarter past three 3:15 five past three 3:05 half past three 3:30左:to 差几分几点 例:ten to four 3:50 a quarter to five 4:50中谓副词:always, usually, often, sometimes, never程度逐渐减弱位于系动词后,行为动词前“出发的区别:start=begin 后面接to do 或 doing 但start:出发;火车、汽车发动感慨句:She is / a good girl. What a good girl sh
25、e is!She is / good. How good she is!国家CountryLanguagePeople(Pl.)ChinaChineseChineseChineseJapanJapaneseJapaneseJapaneseAustraliaEnglishAustralianAustraliansFranceFrenchFrenchmanFrenchmenthe United StatesEnglishAmericanAmericansthe United KingdomEnglishEnglishmanEnglishmenSingaporeChinese/EnglishSing
26、aporeanSingaporeansGermanyGermanGermanGermansCanadaEnglish/FrenchCanadianCanadianslive用法:live at+门牌号 live on+楼层 live in+其余turn 用法:1take turns to 轮流做 2turn left/right 向左/右 3its my turn to. 轮到我到达:1get to2arrive in(大) arrive at(小) arrive home/here/there希望:1wish sb. to do hope to do(hope sb. to do )2hop
27、e +句子 wish+句子表虚拟语气kind的用法:1名词: 种、类 a kind of books two kinds of booksall kinds of 各种各样 different kinds of 不同种类2形容词:友好的,善良的 Its kind of you.3kind of=a little=a bit=a little big +adj.三、语音。1many any e 2excuse ik example igz exciting ik3al :always, almost, already, salt, also4ch :machine 其余ch都发 5shower
28、=bath show draw drawer 四、词组。1、first name 名字 2、family name=last name 姓氏 3、full name 全名4、lost and found 失物招领 5、thanks for=thank you for 为而感谢6、a photo of 一张的照片 7、my family photo=the photo of my family 我的全家照8、look at 看 9、listen to 听 10、talk about 讨论11、taketo 把带到去 take there 把带到那儿12、bringto 把带到来 bring he
29、re 把带到这儿13、here is/are 这儿有/是 14、telephone number 号码15、in the bedroom 在卧室里 16、in the kitchen 在厨房里 17、on your back 在你背上18、need sth. 需要某物 19、some things一些物品 these things 这些物品20、math book 数学书 21、on the dresser 在梳妆台上 22、in the drawer 在抽屉里23、on the bookcase 在书橱上 24、on the chair 在椅子上 25、on the sofa 在沙发上26、
30、next to 紧挨着 27、betweenand 在和之间28、play soccer/basketball/tennis 做球类运动不加冠词29、That sounds good. 那听起来不错。 30、many sports clubs 许多体育俱乐部31、a tennis racket 网球拍 32、ping-pong bat 乒乓球拍33、let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事34、have a great (sports) collection 有大量体育收藏品35、watch sth. on TV 在电视上看36、like sth. 喜欢某物like doing/todo
31、喜欢做37、ice cream 冰淇淋 38、lots of=a lot of 许多 39、healthy food 健康的食物40、have/like sth. for lunch 午饭吃 41、have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭42、play computer games 玩电子游戏43、play with the computer 玩电脑 play with sb. 与某人玩45、what grade/class/row 几年级/班/排 46、in Class1,Grade 2 在二年级一班47、in Row 3 在第三排 48、a set of
32、(keys) 一套钥匙49、play well/eat well 玩得好/吃得好 50、what about=how about 怎么样51、be good at 擅长 52、at breakfast/lunch 在早饭/午饭时53、look young 看起来年轻 look like 看起来像54、onethe other 两者中一个另一个 55、some more people 更多一些人56、in English 用英语 57、pencil sharpener 削笔刀 58、pencil case 铅笔盒59、on the shopping list 在购物单上 60、a list of 一张单子61、video tape 录像带 62、French fries 炸薯条 63、play sports 做运动64、teach me English (teach sb. sth.) 65、work hard at 在某方面努力66、enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun 67、enjoy doing have fun doing