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1、1 .We should always bear in mind that if we are ignorant of our health for promotion, disease will gradually approach us with the help of tiredness.我们应该牢记：如果我们为了晋升而忽略了我们的健康，疾病便会借助疲劳乘虚而入。1)Bear in mind that+从句 牢记 变体 bear sth in mind记住一些孩子会需要帮助你最后牢记我的警告Bear 动词“忍受”bear sth /doing sth/to do sth/that 从句
2、同义词：stand，endure我无法忍受被其他同学嘲笑我无法忍受家里有猫我再也没法忍受这些噪音了Bear “承担”Developed countries bear much of the responsibility for environmental problems.2) be ignorant of /about sth 不知道Ignorant 形容词“无知的，没有知识的”I wasnt wearing my watch, so i was ignorant of the time.He is ignorant about modern technology.He is so igno
3、rant that he cant even write English letters. Ignore 动词“忽视”You cant ignore the fact that many criminals never go to prison.3) approach 及物动词“接近”As i approached the house, I noticed a light on upstairs.名词 “接近”Our approach frightened the birds.Many animals have realized the approach of winter.名词“方法” ap
4、proach to sth .的方法He decided to adopt a new approach to teaching language.She took a wrong approach when she dealt with the problem.朗读是学外语的最佳方法。4） with the help of turn to sb for helpbe of help=helpfulhelp sb to do sth=help sb do sthhelp to do sthhelp sb with sthhelp oneselfcant help sth /doing sth=
5、cant help but do sth cant help do sth2. I looked for the history book because I wanted to find out when America was founded, and at last I found the dusty book in a dim room.我当时在找一本历史书，因为我想知道美国是何时建立的，最终我在一间昏暗的房间里找到这本布满灰尘的书。1) look for sb /sth 寻找，强调寻找的过程，至于找到与否并不涉及Find out 知道 查明，强调查询的结果，表示通过查找后才知道的事物
6、，通常抽象名词作宾语我正在找steve，你见过他吗？请查找一下他们什么时候回来.Find sb/sth that 从句我发现我的同学都回家了Find sb /sth doing sth 发现.正在做我昨天下午到家的时候，发现他正在书桌上做作业Find sb /sth done 发现.已经被.当我到店门口的时候，发现商店已经关门了他发现自己的钱包被偷了Find sb/sth +OC You will find it a difficult book.We found him dishonest.We went to her house but we found her out.When we a
7、rrived, we found him in bed.Some insects have been found to live for several years without any water.Found 动词 成立 过去式founded 过去分词foundedThe Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949.3. There are so many reference books on this romantic poet for me to choose from that I cant make up my mind which
8、to choose.有那么多关于这位浪漫诗人的参考书可供选择，我无法决定选择哪一本。1) so +形容词/副词原型（a/an+名词）+that+从句 太.以至于He improved his English so greatly that he began to talk freely with foreigners.She was so beautiful a girl that everyone focused his attention on her.Such +a/an+形容词+名词+that从句 It is such a big job that we will have to be
9、 very careful.He made such a noise that his sister told him to be quiet.注意: 当so ,such 放句首时，要采用“部分倒装”句型So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.So great was the destruction that it took them several years to recover.Such was the force of the explosion that all the wi
10、ndows were broken.注意：如果so /such 位于句首修饰主语，则不用倒装So few people came to his birthday party that he felt disappointed.注意：当名词本身为不可数名词或者可数名词复数形式，只能使用such，不能用soIt is such nice weather that Id like to take a walk.I have never seen such beautiful photos.当名词之前有表示数量的词语修饰：many, much,little,few, a little, a few只能
11、只用so ,不能使用suchThey have only so little time to do their lessons.2) choose.from .从.选择Supermarkets provide us with a large variety of goods to choose from.We can choose our favorite one from these models.Choose sth/ choose to do sth choose sb to do sthHe chose to become a football player when he was 6
12、 years old.We can choose whether to marry or not.The teacher chose him to clean the classroom.Such a young man has been chosen to run the company.3) make up ones mind to do sth决定=decide to do sth = determine to do sth最终，他决定离开大城市去实现自己的梦想4.It seemed that the handsome actor was not a bit worried, but i
13、n fact, he was not a little concerned about the result of the investigation, which may destroy his bright future.这名帅气的演员似乎一点也不着急，事实上他非常担心调查结果，因为这也许会毁了他的光明前途。5.Unluckily,the delegate felt so sleepy that he soon fell asleep without realizing that he had left his passport and the draft of his speech in
14、 the taxi.不幸的是，这位代表觉得很困很快就睡着了，并没有意识到他把自己的护照和演讲稿忘在了出租车上。6. It is reported that by the end of 2014, Shanghai Disney Theme Park will have been open to the tourists from all over the world formally.据报导，在2014年年底前，上海迪斯尼主题公园将正式向全世界的游客开放。7. The engineer pointed out, “to some extent, the more functions a cal
15、culator has, the more likely it is to be out of order.”这位工程师指出：“某种程度而言，计算器的功能越多，它越有可能出故障。”1） to some extent = to a certain extent 某种程度上8. We havent contacted each other since he left the organization but fortunately I could still recognize him in a quiz show on TV without hesitation.自从他离开这个机构后我们再也没有
16、联系了，但幸运的是我仍可以毫不犹豫地在电视智力竞赛节目里认出他。1） do sth without hesitation = have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫做hesitate 作动词，解释为“犹豫” hesitate to do sth = hesitate over / about / at sth9. The merry aged couple got married in 1949 and up till now they have been married for 6 decades, which was admired by many you
17、ng couples.这对快乐的老夫妻是1949年结的婚，到现在已经结婚60年了，这令无数年轻夫妻羡慕不已。1） marry 作动词，解释为“和结婚” marry后面直接加宾语 不跟with有时，be（get）married 后面使用介词to 再加sbmarriage 作名词，解释为“结婚，婚姻” 跟介词with 或是to2） up till now = up to now = until now = so far直到现在 用于完成时3） decade作名词，解释为“十年” 类似的名词还有：dozen（一打，十二个）； score （二十个）4） admire作动词，解释为“钦佩” admir
18、e sb for sth 因为某事钦佩某人 作动词，解释为“欣赏” 后面可以直接跟宾语。10. The young clerk expressed full of confidence that he was qualified for that demanding mission, which was beyond our expectation. 出乎我们意料的是，这位年轻的职员信心满满地表达了他能胜任这个高要求的任务。1） express 作动词，解释为“表达，展示” express sth （to sb）/ that + 从句 （向某人）表达2） confidence 作名词，解释为“
19、信心”have confidence in sth / doing sth 对（做）.感到有信心confident 作形容词，解释为“有信心的”be confident of / about sb / sth 对.有信心3） be qualified for sth = be qualified to do sth 有资格做.qualify作动词，解释为“使.有资格“ qualify sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事11. He was so eager for success that he consulted a successful CEO about how to succ
20、eed in regulating a joint venture company. 他很渴望成功，于是请教一名成功的CEO如何成功运转一个合资公司。1）consult 作动词，解释为“请教” consult sb about sth 向某人请教某事 consult 作动词，解释为“商议” consult with sb on / about sth 与某人商议某事12. The sailor has adequate experience and he tells us his interesting experiences every time we are invited to his
21、party. 这水手有丰富的经验，每次我们受邀去参加他的聚会，他都给我们讲他有趣的经历。1） every time + 从句every time 为从属连词，引导时间状语从句，前面不加介词。13. After scrubbing the table swiftly, the waiter brought a menu to me and suggested that I should have a try at the new meal and tell him my attitude towards it. 在快速擦了擦桌子之后，服务员给我拿来了一份菜单并建议我品尝下新出的菜肴然后再告知他我
22、对这些菜的态度。14. The distinguished enterprise consists of 12 departments, each of which is made up of 20 people, who graduated from top universities. 这家优秀的公司由12个部门组成，每个部门又由20名名校毕业生组成。1） consist of 由.组成 A consists of B = A is made up of B = A is composed of B A 由 B 组成15. The president was quoted as saying
23、 that he was deeply moved by this moving film, which was based on a real story. 援引总统的话来说，他被这个基于真人真事的感人电影深深感动了。1） be quoted 被引用 变体为quote A from B2） be based on 在.基础之上16. The considerate wife was very pleased with her own cooking because it tasted delicious and she was sure her husband would be fond o
24、f it. 这位体贴的妻子对自己做的菜感到很满意，因为菜尝起来不错，而且她肯定她丈夫会喜欢。17. The naughty boy lied that a hen which lay under the tree had laid 2 eggs; hence, his parents resolved to scold him rather than forgive him. 那个淘气的男孩撒谎说树下的母鸡生了两个蛋。因此，他的父母决定斥责而不是原谅他。1） forgive 作动词，解释为原谅 forgive sb for sth / doing sth 原谅某人的所作所为18. Mayor
25、was invited to make some comments not only on what happened, including the conflict between several residents and police, but also on what will happen, an international conference on global trade included. 市长受邀所发表的评论不仅针对已发生的事件，包括一些市民和警方的冲突，也针对即将发生的事情，包括一场有关全球贸易的国际性会议。1） make a comment on sth 对.做出评论c
26、omment 作名词或动词，解释为“评论”2） not only.but also 不仅.而且.not only位于句首使，其后的句子要采取“部分倒装”原则，但是but also后面不用再倒装。19. After completing too much work imposed by my boss in a much too short time, I couldnt bear the pressure so I asked for a two-day leave to adjust myself. 在如此短的时间内完成了老板强加给我的那么多工作之后，我受不了这样的压力，便请了两天的假来调整
27、自己。1） too much & much tootoo much解释为“太多”，后面接不可数名词，too只是修饰much的程度much too解释为“太.”，后面接形容词，much只是修饰too的程度2） impose 作动词，解释为“强迫” impose sth on sb 把.强加于.上20. I used to rise very late during the summer vacation, but I am used to waking up very early because the distance between my house and the office is 20
28、 kilometers apart. 我过去在暑假期间常常起得很晚，但现在习惯了早起，因为我的住处和办公室相距20千米。1） apart 作副词，解释为“相间隔”tell apart 区分apart from sth 除了（等同于except和besides）21. Last year, my total income, with my reward added to, added up to 15,000 yuan, which was not in proportion to what I did. 去年我的总收入，加上奖金，总计为一万五千元，这与我的付出不成正比。1) award & r
29、ewardaward 作名词，解释为“奖赏”指的是有功劳，功绩而得到的奖金、奖品。作动词，解释为“授予” award A for B / doing B 因为某人做了B而授予其A reward 作名词解释为“回报、报酬” 指的是因为做了某些工作或事情而所得的报酬. 作动词，解释为“奖励” reward sb with A for B / doing B 因为某人做了B而奖励A2）A is in proportion to B A和B成比例22. These designers are discussing how to double the scale of the park so thatm
30、ore people can enter and relax themselves at weekends. 设计师们正在讨论如何使公园的规模翻一番以便使更多的人可以在周末游园休闲。1） enter for sth. 报名参加.23. The retired minister who likes excursion lives alone in a mountain village, but he doesnt feel lonely because he has made friends with his digital camera. 退休的部长喜欢远足，他独自一人住在一个偏僻的山村里，但
31、并不觉得孤独，因为他有数码相机为伴。1） let alone + 任何词性的单词或词组（不能加从句） 更不要说.e.g. I didnt have any clothes, let alone a passport.The baby cant even sit up yet, let alone walk!24. David has made so distinct progress in English recently that he can speak English fluently now. So he has, and so have you. Congratulations on
32、 being enrolled in Harvard University. 最近David英语进步如此之快，他现在能流利地说英语了。 他确实进步很大，你也是，祝贺你被哈佛大学录取。1） so he does & so does heso he does 他就是这样做的 e.g. You asked him to leave, and so he did. 你要求他离开，他就离开了。so does he 他也是这样的e.g. You asked him to leave, and so did he.你要求他离开，他也要求他离开。2） congratulation 作名词，解释为“庆祝” 常用
33、复数形式 congratulations to sb. on sth. 因为某事向某人表示祝贺 congratulate 作动词，后面可以直接加名词使用。 也加介词on后跟sth25. According to your language ability, we can recommend 3 levels of courses ranging from elementary, intermediate to advance. 根据你的语言水平，我们想你推荐3种课程，分别为初级、中级和高级。1） according to sth / sb 解释为“按照.” 通常放于句首2） recommend
34、 作动词，解释为“推荐”recommend sb sth / doing sth / that + 从句 （从句中用should do should 可以省略）/ sb to do sth 向某人推荐.去做.3） range from A to B 解释为“范围从A到B”range作动词，解释为“排列”a wide / full / whole range of sth 一系列，许多，后接可数名词26. This respectable expert said he would rather accept a respectful student who was not temporarily
35、 successful in his study than a top student who didnt know how to respect others. 这位受人尊敬的专家表示，他宁可招收一名有礼貌但学习上还不太成功的学生，也不接受一个不知如何尊重他人的优等生。1） respect作不可数名词，解释为“尊重”have / show respect for sb / sth 尊重人/物win / earn / gain respect of sb 赢得某人的尊重respectful 作形容词，解释为“尊敬他人的”be respectful of sth / to do sth 尊敬.2
36、7. The experts will take the amateurs advice into account and then decide to adopt it or not in the automatic heating system. 专家们会考虑下这个业余爱好者的建议然后决定是否在自动加热系统中采用这个建议。1） take sth into account = take sth into consideration 把.考虑进去account作可数名词，解释为“账户，账目”account作可数名词，解释为“描述” give an account of sth 描述.accou
37、nt 作不可数名词，解释为“理由”on account of sth 因为./在.情况下 on no account 无论如何都不28. Electronic games dont have many effects on adults but affect students a great deal; therefore, many parents make efforts to limit their childrens playing time.电子游戏对成年人影响不大，但是对学生影响很大。所以许多家长努力限制孩子的游戏时间。29. After seeing plenty of soli
38、d evidence, the greedy thief had no alternative but to acknowledge that it was he that stole the gold watch. 在看见了许多的铁证之后，这个贪婪的贼不得不承认是他偷了金表。1） have no alternative but to do sth = have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能.2） acknowledge作及物动词，解释为“承认”acknowledge sth / doing sth / that + 从句 承认做过某事.30. After th
39、e committee declares that the tickets for the concert are available to the public, many people are willing to wait in a long queue to buy one. 在委员会宣布音乐会门票对公众开放之后，很多人心甘情愿排长队买票。1） available 作形容词，解释为“可得到的”A is available to B B可得到Aavailable 作定语修饰名词，应该放在名词后面。2） be willing to do sth = will do sth 解释为“愿意做.
40、“willing作形容词，解释为“愿意的”31. Regardless of his partners objection, he still determined to apply for the position of manager because he knew how to apply the commercial theory to the reality. 不顾他伙伴的反对，他仍决定申请经理这个岗位，因为他知道如何将商业理论应用到实际中去。1） regardless of 解释为“不管 不顾”2） apply作不及物动词，解释为“申请”apply to sb for sth 向.
41、申请.apply作及物动词，解释为“应用” apply A to B 把A 应用到B中去apply作及物动词，解释为“涂擦” apply A to / over B 把A涂擦在B上application作名词，解释为“申请” applicant作名词，解释为“申请人”32. By contrast, before signing the contract, this university student didnt contact his parents but make contact with his new colleague. 相反，在签署合同之前，这个大学生没有联系他的父母而是联系了
42、他的新同事。1） by contrast = on the contrary 解释为“与之相反” contrast作可数名词，解释为“合同”33. He was permitted to practice the piano no more than one hour a day, so he could not play any more than 10 songs. 他被允许每天只练琴1小时，所以他最多只能弹10首歌。1) no more than & not more thanno more than 通常表示数量或者成都上的“仅仅” 相当于only, 暗示其“数量少，程度低”not m
43、ore than 通常表示数量上的最大量，相当于at most（最多，充其量）34. A heavy fog resulted in a severe traffic jam and his being late just resulted from the traffic jam. 一场大雾导致了一场严重的交通堵塞，而他的迟到这是因为这场大雾。35. This tale is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated, a foreign language researcher said. 这篇文章很值得一读，但
44、布置的翻译，一名外语研究着如是说。1） be worthwhile to do sth. 解释为“值得去做.” 通常采用it 作形式主语的主语从句， worthwhile后面可以加doing sthbe worth sth / doing sth 解释为“值得”【注意】worth 之后不可接动词不定式，也没有worth being done这种被动用法 be worthy of sth / of doing sth / to do sth 值得做某事【注意】worth 之后一般接金钱方面的名词，而worthy of 没有该用法 worthy 可以作定语 而worth不能2） research作
45、名词，解释为“研究”carry out / do research on / into sth 做有关.的研究36. Not until his mother reminded him of tomorrows dictation contest was he aware that he had scarcely recited the words or had any vocabulary drills. 直到他母亲提醒他明天的听写考试，他才意识到他几乎还没被单词做练习。1） remind sb of (about) sth / to do sth / that + 从句 提醒某人做某事be
46、 aware that + 从句 = be aware of sth 意识到. 【注意】aware在解释为“有意识的”时，只能做标语形容词，放于连系动词之后。37. Everybody in the class except Li Ming thinks that the composition can get a high mark except for some spelling and grammatical mistakes. 班里除了李明都认为这篇作文除了一些拼写和语法错误之外，可以获得高分。1） except 作介词，解释为“除了.之外（不包括在内）” 而besides作介词，解释为“除了.还有（包括在内）”except + 名词 / 词组 / 句子 【注意】except后可以接to do sth 当except之前有实义动词do时，不定时的to可以省略 except & besides 【注意】except 和 besides 出现在否定句中没有区别。