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1、现在分词和过去分词专项语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动1.Do you know the woman _（和Tom在交谈）?2.The soldier_(在战争中受伤) has become a doctor.时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成_(发展中的) country ； _（沸腾的） water_（发达的）country ； _（烧开的）water1.He is a _（有前途的；有希望的） young man.2. Make less noise. Theres a _（正在睡觉的） child.3. We only sell _（用过的） books. （2）后置定语1.
2、The young man_(坐在约翰和玛丽之间) is the editor of the campus newspaper.2.The bridge _(上个月建造的)needs repairing.3.Those _(想加入本俱乐部的) should sign here.5.What you said is really _(令从鼓舞)6.The football match is _(令人兴奋的). 7.This book is very _（令人有趣的）8.I am _（有趣的） in this book.9.I saw him _（走路） in the street. 10.I h
3、eard them _（唱歌）in the classroom。 11.We found the boy _（正在睡觉）（ 12.I heard my brother _（在唱歌）in the next room 13.I heard the song_ (唱歌 ) in English .14.I saw him _（正在过马路） the street. 16.They heard him _（正在朗读）something aloud in the next room.17.They heard him_（朗读地）something aloud in the next room for a
4、while.18. I heard my name _（叫，称呼）19. .I found the egg _（吃）by a snake.20. I cant make myself _（理解）because of my broken English.21.I have my hair _（理发）22.She has her bike _（修理）. 23.They have their house _（重修）. 1. _（看） from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory._（看） from the top of the t
5、ower, the factory looks beautiful.2. _（听到） the bad news, they couldnt help crying.3. _（给）more time, we could do it better. 4. They came into the classroom, _（.唱着和笑着）5. The teacher stood there, _（学生们围着）.6._（到了） in Paris, I lost my way.到了巴黎，我迷了路。7.The hunter walked slowly in the forest, _（跟着） by his w
6、olf-dog. 表示与主句中谓语动词同时性的现在分词强调时间意义时，分词前可以加上while, when等从属连接词，但as没有这种用法。如：1.Dont talk while _（吃） dinner.2.When _（穿过） the street, do be careful.表示原因的分词短语一般置于句首。1._（居住） London for years, I almost know every place quite well.2._（受伤严重）, he had to be taken to hospital.表示结果1.The fire lasted nearly a month,
7、_（留下） nothing valuable.2. Football is played in more than 80 countries, _（使） it a popular sport.表示方式I stood by the door, _（不敢） to say a word. 表示条件1._（联合）, we stand; _（分裂）, we fall.联合起来我们就能站立，分裂我们必然倒下。2._（更细心）, you can make fewer mistakes. 3.You shouldnt come in unless _（邀请）4.Once _（失去）this chance, y
8、ou cant easily find it. 5.The building _（整修） is our library.6.The question _（讨论） is very important.7.As we approached the village, we saw new houses _（建造）.分词的独立主格结构1._(=After supper was finished), we started to discuss the picnic.吃完晚饭，我们开始讨论野餐的事。2._ (=As all the tickets have been sold out), we had t
9、o wait for the next weeks show.3._(=After the football match was over), crowds of people poured out into the steet.4. _(=As nobody was in), I didnt enter the hall. 表示伴随方式的独立主格结构，有时可用“with宾语宾语补足语”的结构来替换。1.He lay there thinking, his hands behind his head (wih_). 2.The river looks more beautiful, flowe
10、rs and grass growing on both sides(=with _).with宾语宾语补足语的结构是英语中常见常用的结构，其宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语等，在句中可作定语，也可作状语，表示原因、方式等。如：1.The children looked at us, with _.孩子们眼睛睁得大大地看着我。2.I would miss the train, with _.没人叫我，我会错过火车的。3.The river with _ runs through our schoolyard.这条两河两岸长满鲜花和绿草正从我们校园穿过。4.Wi
11、th _, we had a long time to rest.考试结束了，我们有一段长长的时间可以休息。4、有些惯用的分词短语在句里可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句。如：generally/strictly/roughly/broadly/narrowly speaking, judging from/by, considering, supposing, providing, provided等。如：Talking of the computer, I like it very much.谈到电脑，我非常喜欢。Considering the time, we have decided to start early tomorrow morning.考虑到时间，我们已经决定明早一早出发。