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1、第一册Unit 7 Cuitural relicsI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1culture 2Egyptian 3beautiful 4unit 5omce 6pollute 7breathe 8Sincere高考须掌握的短语：1tak 2in 3down 4to 5up考点过关 过关斩将考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇 1 I include uf包括，包含；开在里面，列在里面eg： The price includes postage charges 这个价钱包括邮资。 I included eggs on the Iist of thiTlgs
2、to bu y我把鸡蛋列在要买的东西中了。用法拓展：including“包括，表主动意义；included“被包括，表被动意义。 eg：1 will give you ten books，including a story book(=a story book included)我要给你十本书，其中包括一本故事书。案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1 There were eleven persons died in the acci-dent, two foreigners. A. included B. including C. being included D. to include专题1
3、点拨：答案为B。including sb/sth“包括某人/某物。句意为：-在意外事故中有11人丧生，包括两名外国人。，2restore vt修复；重建eg： They are going to restore the ruined tempIe他们打算修复那座毁坏了的神殿。相关链接：re-表示“再，又之意。 eg：build-rebuild(重建) createrecreate(再创造)marryremarry(再婚) readrerefld(重读)考题2 They had the old house A. rebuild B. rebuilt C. to rebuild D. rebuil
4、ding考题2点拨：答案为B。have sthdone句式。句意为：“他们重建了那幢老房子。3space n(不可数)空间；太空；空地。(可数)空白；空隙；间隔 eg：Im dreaming of walking in space 我梦想在太空漫步。 You should pay attention to the spaces between words 你要注意字与字之问的空隙。考题3 There isnt enough left for your luggage. A. the space B. space C. the spaces D. spaces考题3点拨：答案为B。space作“
5、空间，空地讲，是不可数名词enough后紧接所修饰的名词，不需要加冠词。句意为：“剩下的空间放不下你的行李。4offieiaI n官员；公务员eg： A city ofileial said that it had brought many Visitors 一位市政官员说它吸引了好多游客。相关链接：official指政府部门的文职官员尤其是职位高的人；officer指军队、警察部门、海关等有一定职权的人。用法拓展：official可用作形容词，意为“官方的；正式的。考题4 The US President will pay an visit to China next month. A. o
6、ffice B. official C. officer D. offices考题4点拨：答案为B。official用作形容词，“官方的；正式的。句意为：“下个月美国总统将对中国进行正式访问。5shall v aux表示征求对方的意见或指示时，用于第一、三人称疑问句。 eg： Shall he come in?要他进来吗? Shall l turn on the light?要开灯吗?表示命令、威胁、允诺等，用于第二、三人称陈述句。 eg： You shall finish your homework before going out出去之前你必须把作业做完。 He who saves my
7、life shalJ get what he wants in the world那个救我命的人可以得到这个世界上他想得到的东西。考题5-1 (典型例题 分)-We want someone to design the new art museum for us. the young fellow have a try? A. May B. Shall C. Will D. Need考题5-2 (典型例题)-_ he come to see you? -of course, please. And ld rather he me the truth. A. Will; inform B. Sh
8、all; told C. Should; will say D. Can; spoke考题51点拨：答案为B。shaIl用于第一、三人称疑问句，征求时方意见。考题52点拨：答案为B。shall用于第一、三人称疑问句，征求时方意见；Woklld rather十从句(用虚拟语气);tell sbthe truth告诉某人事实。句意为：“要他来见你吗?当然。我宁愿他告诉我事实。 二、重点短语 6baseon把建立在上；以为根底eg： We should base our opinions on facts我们的意见应基于事实。相关链接：bflse作动词时是及物动词；作名词时，意为“底部；根底；基地。
9、考题6 (典型例题 分 )Swan Lake is a famous ballet in four acts, on a German fairy tale. A. basing B. based C. bases D. to base考题6点拨：答案为B。此句式用过去分词短语作定语对前面的主语Swan Lake作进一步的解释说明。base Swan Lake on a Get man fairy tale是其主动形式。句意为：“天鹅湖是一部著名的芭蕾舞四幕剧，以德国的一个神话传说为根底(改赢而成)。7give in投降；屈服；让步eg： The rebeIs were forced to g
10、ive in叛军被迫投降。相关链接：give up放弃，可作及物或不及物动词词组；作及物动词词组时， 后接名词或动名词。give away赠送；泄露(秘密等)。give out发出。用法拓展：give in to向让步；迁就考题7 (典型例题)Dont mention that at the beginning of. the story, or it may the shocking ending. A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off考题7点拨：答案为A。give away在此表示“泄露(秘密等)。句意为：“不要在故事开始的时候提那
11、件事，否那么的话就可能透露出令人震惊的结局。三、重点交际用语8本单元的日常交际用语是表达“询问或征求建议及“给出建议的一些句型。 Asking for suggestions 征求建议 Making suggestions 给出建议What shall we put in?我们应在里面放人什么?Cant we put in?我们不能放入吗?Should we put in?我们应该放人吗?Lets put in让我们放入Maybe we could put in或许我们可以放入ld like to cnoose我喜欢选择what/How about?怎么样?why not?为什么不?why d
12、ont you?你为何不?考题8(典型例题一why not join us in the game? A. Sure, please do B. No, you do the same C. Oh, thats all right D. OK, coming考题8点拨;答案为D。Why not do?表提出建议“为什么不干?，用OK，coming“好，马上就来作答。四、重点句型 9make+宾语+过去分词 表示“使得被。 eg： Yolld better speak louder to make yourself heard你最好大点声音说话，使得你自己被听到。用法拓展：使役动词make，ha
13、ve，get及感官动词see，find， feel等都可出现此句式搭配，表示宾语与宾补之间构成被动形式。考题9 ( 典型例题 分 ) When they hurriedly arrived home, they found their house and a lot ofthings A. break into; missing B. broke in; missed C. broken into; missed D. broken into; missing考题9点拨;答案为D。find their house broken into发现房子被破门而入la lot of things mis
14、sing中承前省略了found，missing为形容词，“不见了的；丢了的。句意为：“当他们匆忙到家时。他们发现房子被破门而入，好多东西不见了。10It is said that一据说=sb/sthis said to eg： It is Sald that he has gone abroad一He is said to have gone abroad 据说他出国了。相关链接：(1)sb/Sth is said to do表示“据说某人/某物通常干/要干。 (2)Sb/Sthis said to have done sth表示“据说某人/某物已经干了 eg：The book is said
15、 to be pubIished next month据说这本书下月出版。 The book is sald to have bwen published last month 据说这本书上个月就出版了。考题10 (典型例题Tom is said in Africa， but no one really knows how soon he will be back Atravels Bto travel Cto be traveIling Dtravelled考题10点拨；答案为c。从下文“没有人真正知道过多久他才会回来可看出汤姆正在非洲旅行，用sbis said to do这一根本句式时，如
16、果表示“据说某人/某物正在干某事，就要用不定式的进行时表示正在进行的动作或现在所处的状态。11where引导地点状语从句 eg： where there is a will，there is a way有志者，事竞成。特别提醒：注意where引导的状语从句与定语从句的区别。 where引导状语从句时，其前无先行词，where不可换成“介词+which；where引导定语从句时，其前有名词作先行词， where可以换成“介词+which。 eg： Make a mark where you have any problen3(状语从句)在有问题的地方做个记号。 Make a mark at th
17、e place where you have any problem (定语从句)在你有问题的地方做个记号。考题11-1 (典型例题 分 )You should make it a rule to leave thi,ngs you can find them again. A. when B. where C. then D. which考题11-2 (典型例题)The pictures reminded me of the golden days in the small village I was taken good care of. 考题111点拨:答案为B。where引导地点状语从
18、句。考题112点拨:答案为A。the small village作先行词，为定语从句五、词语辨析12be ableto，Pan be able to表示通过努力设法做成了某事，强调结果。 can表示有能力做某事，不强调结果。 eg： He was able to pass the exam after several failures几次失败之后他通过了考试。 Can you speak Chinese?你会讲中文吗?考题12 (典型例题The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out. A. had to
19、B. could C. would D. was able to考题12点拨；答案为D。be able to强调通过努力做成了某事，侧重结果。语法归纳 精通规那么 游刃有余被动语态(一)被动语态的构成方式be+过去分词，口语中也用get/become+过去分词表示。被动语态的根本用法：不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态。强调或突出动作的承受者时常用被动语态。 (by短语有时可以省略)。1使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。 (1)主动变被动时双宾语的变化。 eg： 我朋友在我生日时送给我一本有趣的书。 My friend gave me an interesting book on m
20、y birthday An interesting book was given to me(by my friend)on my birthday I was given an innteresting book(by my friend)on my birthday (2)主动变被动时，宾补成主补(位置不变)；(作补语的)不定式前需要加to。 eg： The boss made him work aIl day long老板让他整天工作。 He was made to work all day long(by the boss)他被(老板)要求整天工作。 (3)短语动词变被动语态时，勿掉“
21、尾巴。 eg： The children were taken good care of(by her)孩子们被很好地照顾。 Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to 你的发音及拼写应被给予注意。 (4)情态动词和be going tobe tobe sure to，used to，have to，had better等结构变被动语态，只需将它们后面的动词原形变为be+过去分词。(5)当句子的谓语为say，believe，expect，think，know，write，consider，report等时，被动语态有两
22、种形式：(A)谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。(B)用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。 eg：类似句型有：It is said/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thought that2不能用被动语态的几种情况。 (1)所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。 (2)表示状态的谓语动词 eg：lasthold，benefit，contain，equalfit，jommean，look like，consist of等。 (3)表示归属的动词eg：have，own，belong to等。 (4)表示“希望、意图的动词eg：wis
23、h，want，hope，like，love，hate等。 (5)宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。 (6)宾语是同源宾语，不定式、动名词等时谓语动词不用被动语态。 (7)有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell， write，wash，open，lock等。3主动形式表被动意义。 (1)当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时；当cut，read，sell，wear，write等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动等意义时。 eg： This kind of cloth wash
24、es easily这种布易洗。 These novels dont sell well这些小说不畅销。 (2)当break out，take place，shut off，turn off，work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定等意思时。 eg：The plan worked out successfully这个方案制定得很成功。The lamps on the wall turned off墙上的灯灭了。 (3)want，require，need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。 (4)be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。 (5)在“be+形容词+to do中，不定式的逻
25、辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。 eg： This kind of water isnt fit to drink这种水不适合饮用。 The girl isnt easy to get along with这个女孩不易相处。另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent(出租)也用主动形式表被动。4被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。 (1)be seated坐着 eg：He is seated on a bench(He seats himself on a bench)他坐在凳子上。 (2)be hidden躲藏eg：He was hidden behind the door(
26、He hid himself behind the door)他藏在门后。 (3)be lost迷路 (4)be drunk喝醉 (5)be dressed穿着 eg：The girl was dressed in a red short skirt这个女孩穿着一条红色短裙。考题1 (典型例题)He will stop showing off, if no notice. of him.A. is taken B; will be taken C. taken D. has taken考题2 (典型例题) ld like a pen which well. -Will this one ? A
27、. writes;do B. writes; work C. is written; do D. is written; work考题3 ( 典型例题 分 ) The air company going from bad to worse, the workers hardly enough to make a living. A. are paid B. are paying C. have paid D. paid考题4 (典型例题 分) Travelers that they should bring their ID cards with them. A. have reminded
28、B. are reminded C. were reminding D. had been reminded5被动语态与系表结构的区别。 被动语态强调动作；系表结构表主语的特点或状态。 eg： The book was sold by a certain bookstore(被动语态)某一书店卖这书。 The book is well sold(系表结构)这书卖得很好。考题5 ( 典型例题 分 )-Your daughter has two children, doesnt she? -Thats right. She in 1983. A. did marriage B. had marri
29、ed C. was married D. got married考题1点拨：答案为A。take notice of sb的被动形式。句意为：“如果没有人去注意他，他就会停止炫耀。 考题2点拨：答案为A。“钢笔写起字来好用，用write well的主动形式表示钢笔本身的特点。do在此表示“行，可以。考题3点拨：答案为A。be paidget paid得到报酬。 考题4点拨：答案为B。remind sbof sth提醒某人某事的被动形式。考题5点拨；答案为D。get married指结婚的动作，be married强调结婚的状态。周为有时间状语in 1983，所以D为正确答素。IV专题探究由点及面
30、 由表及里专题探究： 专题详解： (一)要保持良好心态，学会预览，做到有的放矢准确获取对话中的具体信息，如时间、地点j人物、数字、价钱等，它们在试题中占相当大的比例。这类题要求学生在听清、听懂信息的同时，还要对所听到的信息做简单的计算、时间比拟、深层推理等。例1：At what time does the train to Leeds leave?A3：00 B3：15 C5：OO听力原文：W:Excuse me,could you tell me when the next train to Manches-ter leaves? M:Sure. Well,its three now. Th
31、e next train to Manchester leaves in two hours.but you can take the train to Leeds which leaves in fifteen minutes, and then get off at Manchester. It stops,at Manchester on the way.此题考查考生对话语所揭示信息的分辨能力。在男士的答语中给了三个时间，现在是三点下一趟去Manchester的时间为两小时后去Leeds的火车是15分钟之后，只有第一个和第三个时间才与所问问题有关。所以答案为B。 (二)理解对话的主旨大意
32、 常见的提问形式有：What are they talking about?/what are the man and the woman talking about?/What does the passage talk about?等等。对于此类题假设是对话，那么要把对话双方联系起来考虑。一般来说更应注意第一个说话人所说的关键词语它往往引出一个话题。 例2：What are the two speakers talking about.? A. A football player. B. A football team. C. A football match.听力原文：W:Do you
33、know that Michael Owen has won France Footbalis Golden Ball Prize7 M:Not a surprise. He has 20 goals this season.此题考查对所听对话主题的把握。对话的中心谈一位球员而不是一支球队或一场球赛。所以答案为A。(三)推断对话发生的背景、地点及对话者之间的关系常见的提问方式有：Where is?/Where does the conversa tion probably take place? /Where are the two speakers now? /.Where is the m
34、an going? 和 Whats the man(woman)? /Whats the man s(womans)occupation? /Whats the probable relation ship between the tWO speakers?/Who i?等等。对于此类问题要求考生根据谈话内容来揣测、推断谈话发生的场所或抓住暗示人物身份与关系的词语等。据此做出正确的判断。例3：What is the relationship between the tWO speakers?ANeighbors BFather and daughter CHusband and wife听力原
35、文： W：HelloM: Hello, Lucy. Thins is John. Look,could you do me a favor? Ive tried to phone my wife six times and I cant get through. The line is busy all the timc. Could you possibly go next door and giv.e her a message? W:Sure. What do you want to tell Mary? M:Could you just say Ive run into an old
36、friend and Im staying with him and not at the hotel. Ill give her a ring later. W:Sure. Ill go now. M :Thanks a lot, Lucy. W: Okay Bye. M:Bye!该题考查考生对谈话者之间的关系进行判断。根据对话中的语气及内容，我们不难判断此题的答案为A。(四)理解领会对话的观点、态度及意图常用的提问方式有：What does the man(woman)think of?/How does the man(woman)feel about?等等。听这类试题我们首先要判断两个
37、人的态度是否相同。如果不相同，我们要分清每个人对这件事情的看法，千万不能够混淆。另外说话人的态度是通过语气、语调等的变化表达出来的，因此听的时候要做出正确的判断。例4：6How does the man feel about Davids way of sleeping?A. Its effective. B. Its strange. C. Its the best.7. How many hours does David sleep a d,ay? A. Four. B. Six. C. Seven.8. What does the woman suggest at the end of
38、the talk? A. People should develop a habit iike Davids. B. People need longer hours of sleep. C. People have different sleeping habits.听力原文：M:How comes David is always so full of energy? W:He has a strange but highly effective way of sleeping. M:What is that? W: He takes a short sleep for an hour ev
39、ery six hours and has a total of four hours sleep each day. M:Where did he get that strange idea? W:He read from a book which said it was the best way of human beings and he believed that. M:How many hours do you sleep a day? W: I need at least seven hours. I once tried to follow Davids example. But
40、 it never worked out of me. M:If I sleep during the day, I can never wake up. W:Not everyone is David, I guess. 第6小题考查对说话者所持观点、态度的理解情况。对话中女士提出He has a strange but highly effective way of sleeping然后对David的睡眠方式进行了一番描述。男士那么继续质疑，其中也表达自己的态度：Where did he get that strange idea?所以最正确答案为B。第7小题考查细节，A为正确答案。第8小
41、题与第6小题考查的内容一样。两人对David的睡眠方式进行了一番讨论之后，女士才说“Not everyone is DavidI guess意为“我想不同的人有不同的睡眠方式。所以C项为最正确答案。V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回忆1 测试考点11 (典型例题)Dont leave the sharp knife our little Jane can get it. A. in which B. to which C. that D. where1D点拨：where弓I导地点状语从句。句意为：“不要把锋利的刀子放在小Jane能拿到的地方。回忆2 测试考点, 10 (典型例题 Is B
42、ob still performing?Im afraid not. He is said the Stage already as he has become an official. A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left2A 点拨：因他已离开舞台，要用完成时，又因“他与“离开是主动关系，应选A。回忆3 测试语法 (典型例题I dont want like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the managers plan is unfair. A. to sound B.
43、 to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded3A 点拨：want to do是固定搭配sound是系动词，主动形式表被动意义。回忆4 测试语法 (典型例题Telephone messages for the manager on her desk but she didnt notice them.A. were left B. was left C. was leaving D. were leaving4A点拨：主语是telephone messages与leave之间是被动关系，且主语是复数，应选A。回忆5 测试语法 (典型例题)The ma
44、yor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 典型例题 has been completed B. has completed C. will have been completed D. will have completed5C：点拨：介词by后接表示将来的时间时句子的谓语动词要用将来完成时态。根据句子的主语是aIl construction work，与动词complete之间是被动关系，可确定答案为C。回忆6测试语法 (典型例题The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power