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1、高考英语课本回归早读晚练17早读：.词汇短语过关1struggle vt. 搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎n斗争；挣扎struggle with/against 与搏斗/斗争struggle for sth./to do sth. 努力/争取struggle through 奋力通过struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来struggle on/along (虽艰难仍)继续做某事with a struggle 费力地即学即练1(1)They had to _ _ their lives _ weather and wild animals.为了生存他们必须与天气和野兽抗争。(2)The
2、y had to _ _ all kinds of difficulties.他们得和各样的困难作斗争。(3)She _ _ _ _ _ her attacker.她挣扎着想摆脱那个袭击她的人。答案：struggle for against；struggle with / against；struggled to get away from(4)_ _ _ _， the old woman gained control of her business.经过长期努力，这位老妇人在业务上已能应付自如。 答案：After a long struggle2expand vt.&vi. 使变大；伸展；阐
3、述expansion n. 扩张；膨胀；扩大；开展expansive adj. 扩张性的；开展性的；广阔的expand into/to 使扩大，变大expand on/upon 阐述，详谈即学即练2(1)Metals _ when they are heated.金属受热会膨胀。(2)Weve _ _ _ by opening two more stores. 我们增开了两个商店以扩展业务。(3)I repeated the question and waited for her to _.我把问题重复了一遍，等着她进行充分阐述。答案：expand；expanded the business；
4、expand3. therefore adv.(as a result of that)因此；所以即学即练3He was very tired and _ he fell sound asleep.He was very tired. _ he fell sound asleep.He was very tired, _ he fell sound asleep.他累得很，因此睡得很熟。答案：therefore；Therefore；so；提示：therefore 是副词，不能引导从句，两个句子之间要用连词或者分号；而 so是连词，可接从句。4equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备equipme
5、nt n. U装备；设备equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/物equip sb./sth. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而准备sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有准备做某事equip sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事be equipped with sth. 装备有某物a piece of equipment 一件设备即学即练4(1)Our classroom _ _ _ a TV set and a tape recorder.我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。(2)A good education s
6、hould _ _ _ _.良好的教育能使你受用终生。(3)Our school has been given _ _ _.我们有了一些赠送的新设备。答案：is equipped with；equip you for life；some new equipment5regret v&n. 遗憾；懊悔；惋惜refuse with much regret (many regrets) 婉言拒绝 to ones regret 令人遗憾的是feel regretful for.对感到懊悔express regret for/at/over sth. 对表示遗憾regretn./pron./doing/
7、having done 懊悔做某事regretthatclause 懊悔，遗憾regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地说/告诉/通知Its much to be regretted that. 令人遗憾的是即学即练5(1)He regretted _ _ careless.He regretted _ _ _ _ careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)I regret _ _ you that we are unable to offer you employment. 我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。(3)_ _ _ _， I must leave no
8、w.令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。(4)We heard _ _ that you were not successful in your plan. 听到你的方案不能顺利进行，我们觉得很可惜。答案：having been；that he had been；to inform；Much to my regret；with regret6focus n(兴趣、活动等的)中心；焦点 v(使)集中，聚集；(使)聚焦be in focus 焦距对准；清晰be out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊bring sth. into focus 把某物集中在焦点上focus sth. on (upo
9、n) sth.fix.on.使集中于be focused on/upon sth.be fixed on 集中于即学即练6(1)The _ _ my camera isnt working properly.我照相机上的调焦装置有毛病。(2)Her beauty makes her _ _ _ _.她长得漂亮，很惹人注意。(3)We should _ _ _ _ our study.我们应该把注意力放在学习上。(4)She felt all the eyes _ _ _ her.她觉得所有人都在注视着她。答案：focus on；the focus of attention；focus our
10、attention on；were focused on7reduce vt. 减少；缩减；简化reduce ones expenditure 减少某人的开支be reduced to despair 陷入绝望reduce to. 降至reduce by. 减少了即学即练7(1)He persuaded them to _ the price _ $1 000.他设法使他们的价格降到1 000美元。(2)Production costs have _ _ _ one third.生产本钱下降了1/3。(3)The fire _ the forest _ a few trees.大火把森林烧得仅
11、剩下几棵树了。答案：reduce to；been reduced by；reduced to8comment vt.评论 n评论，意见，议论ask for comment 征求意见No comment. 无可奉告。Without comment. 不必多说。comment(v.)on/ upon sth.评论，对发表意见comment(v.)thatclause评论即学即练8(1)Have you any _ _ the proposals？你对这些建议有什么意见吗？(2)It created _ _ in the press.这引起报界广泛的评论。(3)He made some useful
12、 _ _ my work.他对我的作品作了一些实用的评论。(4)He _ that it was an excellent film.他评论这部电影很精彩。答案：comments on；wide comment；comments on; commented9thanks to 由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)because of 因为；由于owing to 由于，因之缘故as a result of 作为的结果，由于due to 因为，由于(不能放在句首)on account of 由于；因为即学即练9(1)_ _ Jims warning, we avoided t
13、he accident.多亏吉姆的提醒，我们防止了一场事故。(2)I couldnt attend the meeting _ _ illness.我因病不能出席会议。(3)The delay was _ _ power failure.延滞是由于停电。答案：Thanks to；owing to；due to10rid sb./oneself/sth. of sth. 使摆脱be/get rid of 去掉，摆脱；抛弃remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事be free of. 摆脱即学即练10(1)One day we will
14、manage to _ _ _ _ this terrible disease.总有一天我们有方法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。(2)You must _ _ _ these oldfashioned ideas.你必须摒弃这些陈旧观念。(3)Well have to _ _ _ him.我们必须摆脱他。(4)How can we _ _ _ all the flies in the kitchen?我们怎样才能把厨房内的苍蝇统统消灭掉？答案：rid the world of；rid yourself of；get rid of；get rid of11be satisfied with 对感
15、到满意be satisfied that. 满意be satisfied to do 乐意干satisfy vt.满意；使满意satisfied adj. 感到满意的satisfying adj. 令人满意的satisfactory adj. 令人满意的satisfaction n. 满意，满足即学即练11(1)I _ the result.我对那个结果很满意。(2)My parents try to _.我父母尽量满足我的需求。(3)There was _ on his face.他脸上露出了满意的微笑。(4)_，my boss agreed to my suggestion.很使我满意的是
16、，老板同意了我的建议。答案：was satisfied with；satisfy my needs；a satisfied look；Much to my satisfaction12lead to 通向，导致，致使leadn.to sth. 引导到lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事即学即练12(1)The bank has offered a reward for any information _ the arrest of the men.银行悬赏任何能将这些人绳之以法的情报。(2)What _ acting as a career？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？答案：
17、leading to；led you to take up提示：(1)lead to中的 to为介词，后面跟代词、名词或动名词。类似的词组还有：devote to 致力于/pay attention to 对加以注意/object to 反对/stick to 坚持/look forward to 期望，等等。(2)lead to 不用被动语态。(3)lead to 是前因后果，而 lie in (result from) 是前果后因。13keep.free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)使不含(有害物)free from 没有，免于，无之忧free of 无的；免于的，离开了的fre
18、e sb./sth. from. 使某人/某物自由；解放；释放for freefree of charge 免费地，无偿地be free to do sth. 自由地做某事be free with sb. 对某人放肆free as the air 自由自在set sb. free 释放某人即学即练13(1)_ the table _ dirt by putting a cover over it.用个东西把桌子罩住，免得灰尘落在上面。(2)The lake _ pollution.这湖没有污染。(3)The secretary _ all blame for the errors.这些失误完全
19、不能怪秘书。(4)Try to _ all prejudices.尽量消除一切偏见。答案：Keep;free from；is free of；was free from；free yourself from易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考(1)expand“展开，扩大，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。(2)extend “伸出，延伸，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长。(3)spread“伸开，传播，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。(4)stretch“伸展，拉长，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，
20、不是加长。应用1(1)The cat _ out in front of the fire.猫在火炉前伸开四肢。(2)The hot weather _ to October.炎热的天气一直持续到十月份。(3)As children grow older they _ their interests and become more confident.随着年龄的增长，孩子们的兴趣会变广泛，人也会变得更自信。答案：stretched；extended；expand(4)The fire soon _ to the nearby buildings.火势不久就蔓延到邻近的建筑。答案：spread2
21、. would rather的用法应用2(1)Did you say anything at the meeting?Yes, but _ it.AId rather not doBId rather not doingCId rather not have doneDId rather not did答案：C解析：would rather not have done，表示“宁愿没有做，而实际上做了。(2)Would you rather _ there tomorrow?No. Id rather he _ there instead of me.Ato go; will go Bgo; w
22、entCgo; will go Dgoing; shall go答案：B解析：Would you rather do sth.？“你愿意做吗？因此第一个空要用动词原形；第二个空要用虚拟语气，即would rather sb. did sth.“宁愿别人做。(3)Will you join us in playing cards?Thank you, but _ at the moment.AId like to not BIm afraid soCId rather not DId better not to答案：C解析：A项中的not要放在to前才对；B项中的so要改为I cant才对；D项
23、中的to应去掉才对。(4)The final exam is coming. Would you mind my staying up late, going over my lessons?Id rather you _. With the light on, I cant fall asleep.Adont BdidntCwont Dhavent答案：B解析：“would rather从句时，从句的谓语动词用过去时，选B。晚练： 自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1They asked so many questions that I got c_.2Metals e_ when they are
24、 heated.3The people there are fighting to gain their f_ from foreign control.4We are not doing a c_ experiment but a physical one.5India e_ tea and cotton to many different countries.答案：confused；expand；freedom；chemical；exports6Now, people in the south grow a lot of rice that has a high _ (产量)7This k
25、ind of food contains all the _ (营养) our body needs.8People in the area were ground down by _ (饥饿) and poverty.9They have sold up ten bottles of _ (矿泉) water in the afternoon.10We should make a _(总结) of the results of the exam briefly.答案：output；nutrition；hunger；mineral；summary .单项选择1(华师大附中)How long h
26、ave these archaeologists stayed in this village?Not long, just _ this Monday.Aon BuntilCafter Dsince答案：D解析：考查介词。依据问句可知是现在完成时，而A、B、C三个选项都不能与现在完成时连用，只有since与过去时间点连用时用现在完成时，故D正确。2The policemans _ traffic directions made all the drivers quite _.Aconfused; confusedBconfusing; confusingCconfusing; confuse
27、dDconfused; confusing答案：C解析：confusing “令人迷惑的，多修饰物；confused “感到迷惑的，多修饰人。3Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice!Ato take BtakingCnot to take Dnot taking答案：D解析：考查regret 的用法。 regret to do 遗憾要做某事，regret doing 懊悔做了某事。题意为“我经常懊悔没有听取他的建议。4If I ruled the world I would _
28、the world _ wars, killers and everything else that is bad.Aget rid of; by Bbe rid of; byCrid; of Dget rid; of答案：C解析：考查 rid.of.“使摆脱。5(皖南八校二联)One primary goal of UNESCO is to _ modern knowledge society in which all people can participate in information and knowledge.Amake up Bpolish upCbuild up Dtake
29、up答案：C解析：考查动词短语辨析。build up建立；take up从事；polish up改善，润色；make up弥补，虚构，整理，和解，化装。句意：建立现代化的知识社会，让所有的人都能参与信息与知识，是联合国教科文组织的主要目标之一。6Through determination, she had learned to read and write and _ to become part of the leadership of the village.Aappeared BstruggledChesitated Dfailed答案：B解析：struggle to do sth. 意
30、为“努力做某事。7()On the bank of the river, we found him _ on a beach, with his eyes _ on a kite in the sky.Aseated; fixing Bsitting; fixingCseated; being fixed Dsitting; fixed答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空用seated或sitting作宾补，第二空是with复合结构，由fix ones eyes on sth可知应用过去分词fixed。8How does Alma like her new job?She _ with the
31、 hours.Acant satisfy Bisnt satisfiedCdoesnt satisfy Dhasnt satisfied答案：B解析：be satisfied with 对感到满意。satisfy vt. “使满意，主语是物，宾语是人。9(五中)The falling of the new building _ its soft base.Aresulted in Bsuffered fromCled to Dlay in答案：D解析：考查短语辨析。语意：新楼的倒塌在于根基不牢。此处lie in表示“(原因)在于。A项与C项的意思根本相同，表示“导致，B项表示“遭受，都不符合语
32、意。10He had to take the medicine three times a day, so as to be_pain in the leg.Afar from Baway fromCapart from Dfree from答案：D解析：be free from “免除，摆脱； far from“远离 ；be away from “离开；apart from “除了。句意为“他不得不每天吃三次药，为的是摆脱腿部的疼痛。11Much of the farm is under water; _ the grain, most of that has been ruined.Aow
33、ing to Bthanks toCas for Das with答案：C一样。12He was very busy, and _ he didnt go to the party that night.Ahowever BotherwiseCtherefore Danyhow答案：C解析：however然而；otherwise否那么；therefore因此；anyhow不管怎样。13The population of Africa is _ so rapidly as to cause concern of the whole world.Aexpanding BstretchingCext
34、ending Dspreading答案：A解析：expand 不仅指尺寸增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。stretch指由曲变直、由短变长；extend指空间范围的扩大或长宽的向外延伸，也指时间的延长；spread 指向四面八方扩大或传播。14China has successfully sent up the Shenzhou spacecraft into the sky _ with devices of sophisticated science and technology.Aequipped BequippingCto be equipped Dhaving been equippe
35、d答案：A解析：be equipped with “装备有，句中equipped 为过去分词做后置定语。15Did you scold the boy for his mistakes?Yes, but _ it.AId rather not doBId not better doCId rather not to have doneDId rather not have done答案：D解析：考查 would rather的用法。would rather (not) have done 表示遗憾，“宁愿(未)做某事。III阅读理解： Advertising gives useful info
36、rmation about which products to buy. But modem advertising does more than gives news about products and services. Todays advertisements, or ads, try to get consumers (消费者) to buy certain brands (品牌). Writers of advertising are so skillful that they can sometimes persuade a consumer to wear a certain
37、 kind of clothing, cat a special kind of cereal (麦片) , or see a movie. Consunfers might never even want a product if they did not see or hear advertisements for it.For example, you probably do not need the newest cereal in the supermarket. There are probably many cereal brands on your kitchen shelve
38、s. You may not have space on your shelf for another. But if you see ads about a new cereal that is your extra-tasty and has a free prize in the box, you may want it. Ad- vertising must get attention. To be effective, it must be exciting, entertaining, or provide some pleasure. The secret of writing
39、good advertising copy is to offer a good idea as well as a product. The idea is what the ad is really selling. One example is an ad that says eating a certain cereal will make a person do well in sports. That cereal brand may sell better if consumers think it offers strength and energy.1. What is di
40、scussed in this passage? A. The content of modem advertising. B. The skills of modern advertising. C. The results of modem advertising. D. The writing of modem advertising.答案: B 指导：本文着重讲述了广告的作用，所以为了起到应有的作用，必须有一定的技巧。2. According to the passage, a good advertisemnt should _. A. be both persuasive and
41、effective B. give people useful information C. show people a product D. show people a new idea of a product答案: A 指导：由文章第一段第三句Todays advertisemens，orads，try to get consumers to buy certain brands可知A正确。3. From the passage, we can infer that _. A. modern advertising has less effect on customers B. once
42、 customers see ads about a new cereal, they are sure to buy it C. cereal can make people strong D. cereal is a kind of food which is popular among people答案: D 指导：由文章第二段you probably do not need the newest cereal in the supermarket. There are probably many cereal brands on your kitchen shelves. You ma
43、y not have space on your shelf for another. But if you see ads about a new ce real that is your extra-tasty and has a free prize in the box, you may want it. 可以推测出来cereal 是一种受人们欢送的食品。4. What can we infer from the passage? A. Customers can easily be persuaded by advertisements. B. Customers should be persuaded by advertisements. C. Its impossible for customers to buy