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1、现在完成时用法现在完成时(一）构成：have/has+过去分词.（第三人称单数用has) 变一般疑问句时，提前have/has； 否定句时，直接在have/has后加not.过去分词：规则动词和不规则动词(见书尾）规则动词过去式与动词过去分词一样help-helped-helpedwork-worked-workedbe-was/were-been go-went-gone take-took-taken用法(1)表示已经/曾经做过过去的动作，现在的结果(影响)，强调现在“已经做过”常与just（刚）, already（已经）, ever（曾经）, never, yet，before等副词（也
2、，还）连用。副词用法小结：1) already“已经”，可用于任何句型，可放句中(或句尾).我已经吃了早饭了。I have already had breakfast (already).2) just“刚刚”，用于陈述句或一般疑问句，放句中. 例：你作业已做完了吗？我刚刚做完.Have you finished your homework?I have just finished it.3) yet“到目前为止”“仍然，还(没有)”，用于否定句/一般疑问句，责备语气，放句尾.-你哥哥到了吗？-还没到.Have your brother arrived yet? Not yet.4) ever
3、“曾经”，用于一般疑问句，放句中.Have you ever been to Beijing?5) before“以前”，可用于任何句型，放句尾.6) never“从不”，用于否定句，常与before连用，放句中.以前我从没到过上海.Ive never been to Shanghai.现在完成时用法(2)：从过去持续到现在.常与for/since引导的时间状语连用.注意二者可互换.for more than forty years 超过40年since the reform and opening-up 从改革开放以来for two years=since two years agofor
4、引导时间段 since（从以来）引导过去的时间点区别for /sincefor a long time / for two days / for threeyears for 引导一段时间，用于现在完成时，用来表达从过去持续到现在的动作状态我们好长时间都未见面了他已经睡了两个小时了since引导的时间为过去的一个时间点.引导的从句用一般过去时，主句须用现在完成时从我们进中学以来，已经学了一千多单词了现在完成时中含for/since时间状语时，不能用短暂性动词，应用持续性动词.come,go,leave,lose,see,begin,start,arrive/reach,borrow,becom
5、e,die,close/open,join,buy/get等为常见的短暂性动词，在使用时应改为持续性动词.方法有两种：一是找该词的近义持续性动词，如buy, get改为have;borrow改为keep.另一种方法改为意思接近的be+prep./adj. join改为be in;come back改为be back;die改为be dead;leave改为be away from;come to改为be in; begin改为be on.现在完成时常用时间状语现在完成时常用的时间状语除for/ since引导的外，还有下列与现在时间相关的时间状语： in the past sixteen ye
6、ars, in the past few months在过去的这几个月so far, in recent years, twice/three times,up to now(直到现在),this week/morning,today.）她这几天来都在住院.She _ _ in hospital_ _ _ _ _.）直到现在我都没看到他的作业.I _ _his homework _ _ _.）今天早晨你看到她了吗？you _ her this morning?(keys:1.has been, in the past few days2.havent seen, up to now3.Have
7、 seen)句型转换：句型转换：1. She has just come back from her hometown.(否定句)She _ _ come back from her hometown _.2. He has already tidied his room. （一般疑问句，并否定回答）_ he _ his room _?No, _ _. 3. My uncle has worked in Beijing for over twenty years. (对划线部分提问)_ _ _ your uncle_ in Beijing?4. I have been to Shanghai
8、twice. (对划线部分提问)_ _ _ have you been to Shanghai？5. Tom has to finish his homework first. （反意疑问句）Tom has to finish his homework first,_ _?6. He has got a letter from his pen pal Sandy. （同义句）He has _ _ his pen pal Sandy.7. It seems that he has been there before. （同义句）He seems _ _ been there before.8.
9、They have already cleaned the classroom. （一般疑问句，并肯定回答）_ they _ the classroom _?Yes, _ _.9. We have learned English for three years. （同义句）We have learned English_ _ _ _.10. His father died two years ago. （同义句）His father _ _ _ for two years.单项选择：单项选择：1.-Where is Kangkang? -He _ to the West Lake in Han
10、gzhou. I have never _ there. A. has been; been B. has been; gone C. has gone; been D. has gone; gone2. -Have you _ been to Beijing? -No, Ive _ been to that big city. A. never; ever B. ever; never C. never; never D. ever; ever3. -Have you ever _ in the open air? -_. Im frightened.A. slept; Yes, I hav
11、e B. sleep; Yes, I do. C. sleep; No, I dont. D. slept; No, I havent4.-May I speak to Jane? -Sorry, he _ shopping. But he _ a moment later.A. has gone; is coming back B. has been; will be back C. has been in; will come back5. Everything _ in recent years.A. has changed B. changed C. changes D. change
12、6. Our headmaster has _ our schools changes _.A. saw; himself B. seen; himself C. saw; clearly D. seen; clear7. My father _ to Mount Tai twice.A. went B. goes C. has gone D. has been8._ you _ the light_ before leaving your room?A. Have; turned off; yet B. Have; turned on; just C. Have; turned off; alreadyKeys :句型转换 1. has not , yet 2.Has, tided, yet; he hasnt3.How long has , worked 4.How many times5.doesnt he 6.heard from7.to have 8.Have, cleaned, yet; they have9.since three years ago 10.has been dead单项选择：CBDAABDA