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1、1范围本标准界定了用于超声无损检测方法的术语，作为标准和一般使用的共同基础。2一般术语2.1声吸收acoustical absorption 2.2声各向异性acoustical anisotropy 2.3声阻抗acoustical impedance 2.4声影acoustic shadow 阴影区shadow zone 2.5衰减attenuation 声衰减sound attenuation 2.6声衰减系数attenuation coefficient 2.7声束轴线beam axis 2.8声束边缘beam edge 2.9声束轮廓beam profile 2.10声束扩散beam
2、 spread 2.11分贝decibel db 2.12不连续discontinuity 2.13边缘效应edge effect 2.14远场far field 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 2.15缺陷flaw defect 2.16界面interface 2.17背反射损失loss of back reflection 底波损失2.18近场near field 菲涅耳区fresnel zone 2.19
3、近场长度near field length 2.20近场点near field point 2.21传播时间propagation time time of flight 声时2.22反射系数reflection coefficient 2.23反射体reflector 2.24散射scattering 2.25声场sound field 2.26声速sound velocity 传播速度velocity of propagation 2.27检测频率test frequency 2.28超声声束ultrasonic beam 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - -
4、- - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 声束sound beam 2.29超声波ultrasonic wave 3与“ 波” 相关的术语3.1纵波longitudinal wave 压缩波compressional wave 3.2连续波continuous wave 3.3爬波creeping wave 3.4波型转换mode conversion mode transfomation wave conversion 3.5板波plate wave 兰姆波lamb wave 3.6
5、横波transverse wave 切变波shear wave 3.7球面波spherical wave 3.8表面波surface wave 瑞利波rayleigh wave 3.9波前wavefront 波阵面3.10波长wavelength 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 3.11波列wave train 4与“ 角” 相关的术语4.1入射角angle of incidence 4.2反射角angle o
6、f reflection 4.3折射角angle of refraction 4.4临界角critical angle 4.5扩散角divergence angle 指向角5与“ 脉冲和回波 ” 相关的术语5.1背面回波back wall echo back surface echo 背反射back reflection 底波bottom echo b 5.2延迟回波delayed echo 5.3回波echo 反射reflection 5.4缺陷回波flaw echo defect echo f 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
7、 - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 不连续回波discontinuity echo d 5.5幻影回波ghost echo phantom echo wrap-around 5.6草状回波grass 组织回波structural echoes 5.7界面回波interface echo 5.8多次回波multiple echo 多次反射multiple reflection 5.9脉冲pulse 5.10侧面回波side wall echo w 5.11干扰回波spurious echo parasitic
8、echo 5.12界面波surface echo s 表面回波5.13发射脉冲指示transmission pulse indication t 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 始波5.14发射脉冲transmitter pulse 6与“ 探头 ” 相关的术语6.1斜射探头angle beam probe angle beam search unit 斜探头angle probe 6.2中心频率centre
9、frequency 6.3会聚距离convergence distance 6.4会聚区convergence zone 会聚点convergence point 6.5延迟声程delay path 6.6场深depth of field 焦区长度focal zone focal range 6.7双换能器探头double transducer probe 双晶探头twin transducer probe 双探头dual search unit 6.8有效换能器尺寸effective transducer size 6.9电磁声换能器electro-magnetic transducer 电
10、动换能器electrodynamic transducer 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 6.10焦距focal length 6.11焦点focal point focus 6.12聚焦探头focussing probe 6.13液浸探头immersion probe 6.14探头标称角nominal angle of probe 6.15标称频率nominal frequency 6.16标称换能器尺寸n
11、ominal transducer size 换能器尺寸transducer size 元件尺寸element size 6.17直探头normal probe 直射探头straight beam probe straight beam search unit 6.18峰值频率peak frequency 6.19峰数peak number 6.20相控阵探头phased array probe 6.21探头probe search unit 6.22探头阻尼因子probe damping factor 6.23探头入射点probe index 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - -
12、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 6.24探头靴probe shoe 6.25屋顶角roof angle 半顶角toe-in-semi-angle 6.26偏向角squint angle 6.27偏向角squint angle 6.28表面波探头surface wave probe 6.29换能器transducer 晶片crystal 元件element 6.30换能器背衬transducer backing 6.31可变角探头variable angle
13、probe 6.32耐磨片wear plate diaphragm 6.33斜楔wedge 折射棱镜refracting prism 6.34轮式探头wheel probe wheel search unit 7与“ 超声检测仪器” 相关的术语7.1幅度线性amplitude linearity 7.2盲区dead zone 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 7.3延迟扫描delayed time base sw
14、eep 零点校正correction of zero point 7.4动态范围dynamic range 7.5电子距离 -幅度补偿electronic distance-amplitude-compensation (edac) 7.6时基线扩展expanded time-base sweep scale expansion 7.7缺陷检测灵敏度flaw (defect) detection sensitivity 7.8增益控制gain control db 控制db control 增益调节gain adjustment 7.9闸门gate 时间闸门time gate 7.10闸门水平
15、gate level 闸门电平监视电平monitor level 监视水平7.11脉冲（回波）幅度pulse (echo) amplitude 信号幅度signal amplitude 7.12脉冲能量pulse energy 7.13脉冲（回波）长度pulse (echo) length 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 脉冲宽度7.14脉冲重复频率pulse repetition frequency prf
16、脉冲重复率pulse repetition rate 7.15脉冲形状pulse shape 7.16抑制rejection supression reject grass cutting 7.17分辨力resolution 7.18时基线time base 扫描线sweep 7.19时基线控制time base control 扫描线控制sweep control 7.20时基线性time base linearity 7.21时基线范围time base range 检测范围test range 7.22超声检测设备ultrasonic test equipment 7.23超声检测仪ul
17、trasonic test instrument 8与“ 试块 ” 相关的术语名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 8.1校准试块calibration block 标准试块standard test block 8.2平底孔flat bottom hole fbh 圆盘缺陷disc flaw 圆盘形反射体disc shaped reflector 8.3参考试块reference block 对比试块8.4参考缺
18、陷 reference flaw (defect) 参考反射体referencereflector 8.5横孔side drilled hole sdh side cylindrical hole 9与“ 检测技术（方法）” 相关的术语9.1斜射技术angle beam technique 9.2自动扫查automatic scanning 9.3接触检测技术contact testing technique 9.4直接扫查技术direct scan technique 一次波技术single traverse technique 9.5双探头技术double probe technique
19、名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 一收一发技术pitch and catch technique 9.6二次波技术double traverse technique 9.7间隙检测技术gap testing technique 间隙扫描gap scanning 9.8液浸技术immersion technique 液浸检测immersion testing 9.9间接扫查技术indirect scan tech
20、nique 间接扫查indirect scan 9.10手动扫查manual scanning 9.11多次回波技术multiple-echo technique 9.12多次波技术multiple traverse technique 9.13直射技术normal beam technique straight beam technique 9.14环绕扫查orbital scanning 9.15脉冲回波技术pulse echo technique 脉冲反射技术reflection (pulse) technique 9.16扫查scanning 9.17单探头技术single probe
21、 technique 9.18螺旋扫查spiral scanning 9.19旋转扫查swivel scanning 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 9.20串列扫查技术tandem (scanning) technique 9.21衍射声时技术time-of-flight diffraction technique tofd 9.22穿透技术transmission technique 9.23尖端回波技术
22、tip echo technique 尖端衍射技术tip diffraction technique 10与“ 受检件 ” 相关的术语10.1背面back wall back surface 底面bottom 10.2声束入射点beam index 10.3回波接收点echo receiving point 10.4探头取向probe orientation 10.5扫查方向scanning direction 10.6检测面test surface 扫查面scanning surface 10.7受检件test ob-ject examination ob-ject 10.8检测体积test
23、 volume examination volume 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 11与“ 耦合 ” 相关的术语11.1耦合剂couplant 耦合介质coupling medium 耦合薄膜coupling film 11.2耦合损失coupling losses 11.3耦合剂声程couplant path 11.4转移修正transfer correction 补偿传输修正12与“ 定位 ” 相关的
24、术语12.1缺陷深度flaw depth 反射体深度reflector depth 12.2投影声程长度projected path length 12.3跨距skip distance 12.4声程长度sound path length 13与“ 评价方法 ” 相关的术语13.1dac 法dac method 13.2dgs 图dgs diagram avg 图avg diagram 13.3dgs 法dgs method 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 14 页，
25、共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - avg 法avg method 13.4距离幅度校正曲线distance-amplitude correction curve dac 13.5参考试块法reference block method 13.6 6 db 法 6 db dr-op method 半波高度法half-amplitude method 13.7 20 db 法 20 db dr-op method 14与“ 显示方法 ” 相关的术语14.1a 扫描显示a-scan display a-scan presentation 14.2b 扫描显示b-scan display b-scan presentation 14.3c 扫描显示c-scan display c-scan presentation 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 15 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - -