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1、精品名师归纳总结高 2021 级英语短文改错解题技巧一、综观近几年高考短文改错题，命题形式有： “缺词 ”为 12 处。“多词 ”，一般为 1 2 处。“错词 ”为 7-9 处。 二、短文改错常见考点设置： 1.考点设置之名词命题特点 :原先用复数 ,却用单数 .改正方法 :1 依据名词前的修饰限定成份;2 依据上下文的规律关系 .详解：1. She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.schoolmate 改为 schoolmates2. After class we become stranger at once. s
2、tranger 改为 strangers3). They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subject. subject改为 subjects4). On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. picture 改为 pictures 5. There are advantage for students to work while studying at school
3、. advantage 改为 advantages6. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests. ideas 改为 idea7. I looked at his other hands.hands 改为 hand2.考点设置之代词命题特点： 1.女性代词指代男性或相反。2.单数指代复数。 3.代词词性误用。改正方法：联系上下文的规律关系。代词的错误特点： 1.人称代词的偷换错误2. 缺少人称代词的错误3. 人称代词数的一样问题4. 人称代词格的一样问题详解：1. The Smiths did his best to make me
4、 feel at home.his 改为 their 2. I have a good friend who s name is Liu Mei. who s 改为 whose3). It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited. them 改为 us4). Soon I began to enjoy talkingto myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simpleEngli
5、sh . me 改为 myself 5). One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher .showed 后加 it 6. Some students may also save up for our college or future use . our 改为 their3.考点设置之介词命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1介词的基本用法。2习惯搭配。 3动词词类确定错误，如talk, serve, wait 等。介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。详解：1). We
6、do not seem to get much time to talk about together. 去掉 about2). I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.去掉 at3). The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 去掉 was 后的 in4). Well talk with our plan for the
7、weekend over dinner.with 改为 about 5. I am writing to thank you with your kind help.with 改为 for可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6). He was looking for a glass the cupboard.glass 后加 in 7). Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life.each 后加 of 4.考点设置之时态命题特点及改正方法 ：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要留意联系上下文，着眼于整个语
8、篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。详解：1). They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that-did 改为 do2). The time passes quickly. Evening came. passes改为 passed3). She liked it very much and reads it to the class. reads 改为 read4). I don t kn
9、ow that they don t like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.talked 改为 talk5). I will write again and send you the photos we take together.take 改为 took6). We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago. have 改为 had5.andbutor误用及前后不一样命题特点： 主要考查 and、 o
10、r、but、so 等并列连词的误用。改正方法。 1依据句意确定误。2依据句子的规律关系确定错误。详解：1). She is smiling at me but nodding at me. but 改为 and2). It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. and 改为 or3. The food was expensive and the service was good. and 改为 but4). I came into the living room and saw one of them just go
11、 through the kitchen door but turn on the light. but 改为 and5). We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. visiting 改为 visited 6). She liked it very much and reads it to the class. reads 改为 read6.考点设置之从句连词命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来摸索：1句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺。2复合句中连接主句和从句的关系词或引导词
12、的运用是否得当等。详解：1. .It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.noon 后加 when2. I don t know that they don t like to talk with me. that 改为 why 3). The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English. 去掉 that 前的 in4). Earning their own money
13、 allows them to spend on anything as if they please.去掉 if 5). They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.去掉 that7.考点设置之冠词命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1不定冠词 a 和 an互改。 2不定冠词 a 或 an 和定冠词 the 互改。 3依据需要增删冠词。详解：1. As everyone knows, it s famous mountain with all k
14、inds of plants and animals.famous 前加 a 2. We may be one family and live under a same roof, but- a 改为 the3). On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.a 改为 the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4). I hope you ve had pleasant journey home had 后加 a 8.考点设置之形容词和副词命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词
15、及副词的比较级等。1依据 adj.或 adv.的基本用法确定错误。2修饰连系动词或名词用形容词。3修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。详解：1). I would describe myself as shy and quietly. quietly 改为 quiet2). There have been reports in America about people tryingto steal person informationforbad purposes. person 改为 personal3). Finding information on the Net is ea
16、sily.easily 改为 easy4). So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned.as 改为 than5. My pronunciation was terribly .terribly 改为 terrible 6. They came back lately and had some tea. lately 改为 late9.考点设置之非谓语动词命题特点改正方法 ：1谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用。2动词不定式和动名词的错用。3现在分词和过去分词的错用等。详解：1. Earning the
17、ir own money allow them to spend on anything as they please.allow 改为 allows 2. My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.make 前加 to3). Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. talk 改为 talking 4). We fed monkeys,
18、visiting temples and told stories. visiting 改为 visited 5). Some students may also to save up for our college or future use. 去掉 to二、短文改错口诀动词形，名词数，仍要留意形和副。非谓语，细区分，习惯用法要记住。 句子成分多分析，规律错误须关注。冠词连词常光临.详解：一动词形：主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一样的错误。动词形常见错误：1 一般过去时与一般现在时错用。 2第三人称单数形式错用。2 and 前后动词时态不一样。 and 具有对称性4 主
19、谓不一样。 5 缺少谓语动词特殊缺 be 动词6 主动语态与被动语态错用7Used to 的运用错误二名词数：指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。改正方法： 依据名词前的修饰限定成份依据上下文的规律关系三仍要留意形和副：留意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。 命题特点及改正方法： 主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。依据 adj 或 adv 的基本用法确定错误。修饰连系动词或名词用形容词。修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。四非谓语，细区分：这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错
20、误。 1不定式 2动名词作主语、 宾语 3and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一样特殊距离较远时4现在分词和过去分词的区分等。五习惯用法要记住：主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础学问，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结六句子成分多分析：不同的句子成分要用不同的词类。不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。七规律错误须关注：与句子的上、下文不一样，甚至相冲突，属于规律性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。八冠词连词常光临：常考的错误形式有：连词but， and， or 和 so 的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等
21、。三.短文改错小结做短文改错应实行六个步骤和四不改。六个步骤：1通读短文，整体把握短文大意。2细读全文，逐句分析，把握结构，逐一作答。3粗略分析词法、句法、规律上是否有问题。4逐行修改，先易后难。5复读全文，验证答案。6要留意答题是否合乎标准。四不改 :标点符号不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改。在纲外生词不改。文中显现带汉语注释的词，在句中不行能用错.附：单句改错练习练习一：1. It took Jack two hours climb the mountain .2. The tomatoes I picked are much more redder than
22、yours . 3. They have never had the chance to be there ago . 4. Though he is old , but my grandpa works on the farm .5. You are terrib le ill . You d better stay in bed . 6. The nearest village is about one hundred miles far away . 7. I don t like going out lonely after dark . 8. I m fed up waiting f
23、or her letter .9. Birds flew back because the fine environment .10. The students entered into the classroom one by one . 练习二：1. His story is more interesting as my sister s .2. Please return my dictionary back soon .3. When he heard the news , he got angrily .4. They have some problems solve . 5. To
24、m was just falling asleep then the telephone rang . 6. Sometimes we take walk by the river .7. Mr More took well care of his car . 8. We are going to Hainan the next holiday . 9. I don t agree to you , twins .10. Though children are young , they should be listened carefully . 练习三：1. The monkeys clim
25、bed the trees quick .2. I don t think he can be otimn e , can I .3. Everyone in our class like take-away food .4. The twins didn t feel well , but they didn t come .5. Jack s uncle joined in the army three years ago . 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. Could you give me anything to eat .7. It was too hot la
26、st night that I couldn t sleep well .8. To have a twin brother is little strange .9. There is going to have a dolphin show in the zoo .10. Could you repeat it again , please .练习四：1. Can you guess how many years I have been to this city . 2. Surfing looks so excited that I want to have a try . 3. To
27、make a lot noise at night is not polite . 4. There will have a strong wind to the north of Huai River . 5. The number of the students in our school are more than 2,000 . 6. The poor man needs a house to live . 7. His clothes have washed by his mother . 8. He said that he had been in Beijing many yea
28、rs .9. Hunan is by the south of Hubei .10. There was fire in the supermarket near our school last night . 练习五：1. Though he is a five-year-old boy , but he can play computer very well . 2. My brother will phone me as soon as he get there .3. English is most widely spoken language all over the world .
29、4. It s very kind for you to help carry the bag .5. Twenty miles are quite a long way to go .6. The Class 2 students are planting trees on both side of the street . 7. There is going to have a sports meeting before National Day .8. A horse isn t as bigger as an elephant .9. It s hard for him to do s
30、o many homework in one day . 10. Edison thought for a while and came up with a idea .练习六：1. Three fifths of the books here is mine.2. Your clothes should always be kept cleanly and tidy. 3. Tom said he was feeling even worst. 4. Father told me that light travelled faster than sound.5. In our everyda
31、y life we see much moving things. 6. Which floor does your mother live . 7. The heavy snow made him to feel worried about his sheep . 8. The boys are often told not play football in the street . 9. Remember to go to the post office and send this letters . 10. There is going to have a concert tomorro
32、w .练习七：1. Ann didnt know how work out the problem in class. 2. Why not ask for help when you were with trouble. 3. Look. What happy the children are in the garden. 4. We have learned English since two years and a half. 5. Ill go back home as soon as school will be over. 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. Yo
33、ud better speak as more English as you can.7. With my help, he finished made the kite at last.8. Father tells his son how far is it from the earth to the moon . 9. Neither you nor I were sending e-mails then 10. A friend of him went to Japan last Sunday 练习八：1.None of us have been to Bondi Beach. 2.E
34、veryone should make a contribution to protect the environment. 3.I couldn t fall sleep last night. 4.The number of students in our school is more than two thousands. 5.Mary or her brother are going to visitthe Great Wall soon. 6.What do you mean at“ relative”. 7. He was made tell everything.8. This
35、pair of glasses are a little expensive. 9.How long do you go to see your grandfather .Once a week. 10.Look at these Germen .How happy they are . 练习九：1. Dick is afraid of meet the boss.2. Jim says that he has come in China for over three years .3. Man ,like animals and plants, also need sunlight.4. M
36、u m often tells me don t stay up too late .5. Girls had better not to walk alone at night.6. She is enough old to go to school.7. You must finish to do your homework during your holiday. 8. It took me about half an hour doing my homework yesterday. 9. She says she would go to the cinema with her par
37、ents that evening. 10. I ll return the botookthe library as soon as I will finish reading it. 练习十：1. Dick is afraid of meet the boss2. .Neither of them are a farmer.3. Man ,like animals and plants, also need sunlight. 4. Mum often tells me don t stay up too late . 5. Girls had better not to walk alo
38、ne at night. 6. She is enough old to go to school.7. You must finish to do your homework during your holiday. 8. It took me about half an hour doing my homework yesterday. 9. She says she would go to the cinema with her parents that evening. 10. I ll return the book to the library as soon as I will
39、finish reading it. 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结参考答案Keys1:1. climbto climb2. much more reddermuch redder3. agobefore4. but去掉5. terribleterribly6. far awayaway7. lonelyalone8. fed upfed up with9. becausebecause of10. entered intoenteredKeys2:1. more interesting asas interesting as / more interesting than2
40、. return my dictionary backreturn my dictionary3. angrilyangry4. solveto solve可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结5. then6. take walkwhentake a walk可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结7. wellgood8. the next holidaynext holiday9. agree toagree with10. listenedlistened to Keys3:1. quickquickly2. can Ican he3. likelikes可编辑资料
41、- - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4. but5. joined inand / sojoined可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. anythingsomething7. tooso8. littlea little9. havebe可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结10. repeat it againrepeat it Keys4:1. to this cityin this city2. excitedexciting3. a lota lot of4. havebe5. areis6. livelive in7. have washedhave be
42、en washed8. in Beijingto Beijing9. byto10. firea fire Keys5:1. 去掉 but or though2. get- gets3. most _ the most4. for of5. are is6. side sides / both each or either7. have be8. bigger big9. many much10. a anKeys6:1. is are2. cleanly clean3. worst worse4. travelled travels5. much many6. livelive on7. t
43、o feelfeel8. not playnot to play9. this these10. havebeKeys7:1. how work outhow to work out2. within3. WhatHow4. sincefor5. will beis6. moremuch7. mademaking8. is itit isKeys8:9. werewas10. himhis可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. havehas2. protectprotecting可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. sleep4. thousandsasleep
44、thousand可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结5. areis6. atby7. tellto tell8. areis9. How longHow often10. GermenGermansKeys9:1. of _ to2. comebeen3. need _ needs4. don t _ not to 5. to walk _ walk6. enough old _ old enough7. to do _ doing8, doing _ to do9. says _ said10. will finish _ finishKeys10:1. of _ to2. a
45、reis3. need _ needs4. don _t not to5. to walk _ walk6. enough old _ old enough7. to do _ doing8. doing _ to do9. says _ said10. will finish _ finish可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结一，名词1. I havent lived here long, but I have a great many friend here.2. Two Germen are going to give us a speech on the history of li