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1、九年级英语Unit11. by + doing 通过方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示：“在旁”、“靠近”、“在期间”、“用、”“经过”、“乘”等如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten oclock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus.2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常
2、常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb. = talk with sb. 与某人说话 talk to sb. about sth 与某人谈论某事3. 提建议的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：
3、Shall we/ I go shopping?4. a lot 许多 = much 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。5. tooto 太而不能 常用的句型 too + adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。so adj./adv. that 主语 + cant v.I am so tired that I cant say anything.6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法 三个词都与大声或响亮有关。 aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,
4、常用在读书或说话上。read/speak aloud通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or lau
5、gh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。7. not v. / adj. at all 一点也不, 根本不= not v./ adj. in the slightest 如： I like milk very much. I dont like coffee at all. /I dont like coffee in the slightest. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾8. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth.
6、= be excited to do sth. 对感兴奋 如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing. I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。9. end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事 如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 end up with sth. 以结束 如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。10. first of all 首先 at the beginning; t
7、o start with;. to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末12. make mistakes in 在方面犯错 如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。make a mistake 犯一个错误 如： I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。by mistake 错误地13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：Dont laugh at me!不要取笑我!14. tak
8、e notes 做笔记，做记录 （in ones notebook）15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做乐意做 She enjoys playing football.她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。16. native speaker 说本族语的人17. make up 组成、构成 18. one of +(the+ 形容词最高级)+名词复数形式 其中之一 如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。19. Its +形容词+(for
9、 sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事 如：Its difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English20. practice doing 练习做某事 如： She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 如：decide not to v. Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。22. unles
10、s 假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句 = if not You will fail unless you work hard./if you dont work hard.假如你不努力你会失败。 I wont write unless he writes first./ if he doesnt write first.除非他先写要不我不写23. deal with 处理 = do with如：I dealt with a lot of problem. How to deal with ?= What to do with ? 如何处理？24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心
11、某人/ 某事 be worried about =be anxious about worried about sb./sth. = was/were worried about sb./sth. 如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 =be mad at如：I was angry with her. 我对她生气。26. perhaps = maybe 也许= possibly 27. go by (时间) 过去 如： Two years went by. 两年过去了。As
12、 time goes by,28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生sb. be seen doingsee sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事 sb. be seen to do 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。29. each other 彼此 30. regard as 把看作为. 如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。31. too many许多修饰可数名词如：too many girl
13、s too much许多修饰不可数名词 如：too much milk much too太修饰形容词 如：much too beautiful32. changeinto将变为如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。33. with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人的帮助下 如：with the help of LiLei = with LiLeis help 在李雷的帮助下34. compare to 把与相比如：Compare you to Anna, you are lu
14、cky.你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。Compare with 把比作35. instead 代替用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出来）要去做的事 instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是 用在句中，动词 不做的如：Last summer I went to Beijing. This year Im going to Shanghai instead.去年夏天我去北京, 今年我将要去上海。I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。九年
15、级英语Unit21. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事否定形式：didnt use to do sth. / used not to do sth. He didnt use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。 疑问形式：Used sb. to v. ? = Did sb. use to v.? Yes, sb. used. / No, sb. usednt.Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didnt. There
16、 used to be + 主语 介词地点。 “在曾有。”2. 反意疑问句 肯定陈述句否定提问如：Lily is a student, isnt she? Lily will go to China, wont she? 否定陈述句肯定提问 如：She doesnt come from China, does she?You havent finished homework, have you?提问部分用代词而不用名词 Lily is a student, isnt she?陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯
17、定式。 如：He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？3. play the piano弹钢琴4. be interested in sth. 对感兴趣be interested in doing sth. 对做感兴趣 如：He is interested in math, but he isnt interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。5. interested adj. 感兴趣的，指
18、人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人 interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物6. still 仍然，还用在be动词的后面如：Im still a student. 用在行为动词的前面如：I still love him.7. the dark 天黑，晚上，黑暗8. 害怕 be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog. be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking/ being alone.9. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开
19、，其反义词off. with the light on 灯开着10. walk to somewhere 步行到某处 walk to school 步行到学校 go to school on foot11.spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间” spendon sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间） spend(in)doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事如：He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。 pay for 花费 主语 p
20、ay/ paid 钱 for sth.如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。12. take 动词有“花费”的意思常用的结构有：It takes/took sb. to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book.take to do sth. 商品 costs sb. 钱 13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。chatted/ chatting14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事worry 是动词
21、 be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事worried 是形容词如：Dont worry about him. 不用担心他。Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。15. all the time 一直、始终16. take sb. to + 地方送/带某人去某个地方如：A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。 Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to)17. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有 hardly ever 很少 ha
22、rdly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前助动词/情态动词hardly hardly + 实义动词如：I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。18. miss v. 思念、想念、错过19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内常与完成时连用如： I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。20. be different from 与不同the same a
23、s 与相同be similar to 与相似21. how to swim 怎样游泳不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定工短语。如： The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。 I dont know where to go. 我不知道去哪。22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词make you happy make sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh be made to v.23. move to +地方搬到某地如：I mov
24、ed to Beijing last year.24. it seems that +从句 与现在时态相关 It seemed that +从句 与过去时态相关 看起来好像如：It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。25. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事She helped me with English.她帮助我学英语。She helped me (to) study English。她帮助我学习英语。26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词15岁的
25、fifteen-year-olds 作名词指15岁的人 fifteen years old 指年龄15岁如：a fifteen-year-old boy一个15岁的男孩Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。I am fifteen years old . 我是15岁。27.支付不起 cant /couldnt afford to do sth. cant / couldnt afford sth. 如：I cant/couldnt afford to buy the car. I cant/couldnt afford the car. 我买不起这
26、个辆小车。28. as + 形容词./副词as sb. could/can 尽某人的能力如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。29. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦have trouble v.ing30. in the end 最后；at the end of在末尾；by the end of 到为止31. make a decision 下决定下决心make up ones mind to v.32. to ones surprise 令某人惊讶如：to their surprise令他们惊讶to LiLei
27、s surprise令李雷惊讶33. take pride in sth. 以而自豪be proud of sth.如： His father always takes pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪34. pay attention to sth./ v.ing 对注意，留心如：You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。35. be able to do sth. 能做某事时态和人成变化 She was able to do it. 她能够做到。36. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事如：My fa
28、ther has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。37.不再 no more = no longer 如： I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。 not any more = not any longer如： I dont play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。38. go to sleep 入睡 fall asleep九年级英语Unit31.语态：英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fis
29、h is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 被动语态的构成由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在 时am are +过去分词is English is spoken in many countries.一般过去 时was +过去分词were + 过去分词This bridge was built in 1989.情 态动 词can/shouldmay +be+过去分词must/The work must be done right now. 被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁
30、是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如： Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词) have sth. done 如：I get
31、 my car made. = I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车4. enough 足够形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮 enough名词如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说话。stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事P
32、lease stop to speak. 请停下来说话。6. 看起来好像sb. seem to do sth. He seems to feel very sad.it seems that +从句It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。 7. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。如：They are very happ
33、y. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired.8. 倒装句: 由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语意为：也是一样She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。 She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。9. yet 仍然
34、，还常用在否定句或疑问句当中10. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。11. clean up 打扫、整理clean out 彻底地打扫内部如：I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。12. 程度副词：always总是 usually经常 sometimes有时 never从不 如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。13. 曾经做某事：Do you ever get to sch
35、ool late? Yes, I do. No, I dont. Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I havent.14. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼), go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船), go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步) 15. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格 如： Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。1
36、6. take the test 参加考试pass the test 通过考试fail a test 考试失败17. the other day 前几天18. agree 同意反义词 disagree不同意 动词 agreement 同意be in agreement 意见一致反义词 disagreement 不同意名词18. keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人/某物保持.如：We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。19. bothand+ 动词复数形式如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.20.
37、 learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如： Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事 如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.22. at present 目前23. at least 最少 at most 最多24. 花费 ta
38、ke ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.25. have +时
39、间段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off26. reply to 答复某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen.27. agree with sb./sth. 同意某人、事 如：I agree with her. agree to ones plan. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to Li Leis plan.28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍 如： Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。29. success n. succeed in v.i
40、ng v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 与think of 的区别 当两者译为： 认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。 think about 还有“考虑”之意 ，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。31. 对 热衷， 对兴趣be serious
41、about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。32. care about sb. 关心；计较；在乎如：Mother often care about her son. take care 保重；take care of照顾 care for关心；照顾；喜欢；愿意九年级英语Unit41. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气 通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚
42、拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：句 型条件从句主 句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用were)would+动词原形 即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时(主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时 如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take
43、 an umbrella. 假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员)2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +从句 假装 I pretended that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 迟到 如： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.4. a f
44、ew 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义 如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。5. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或sev