初一英语音标入门基础.doc

-# 初一英语音标入门 英语中有26个英语字母，26个字母组成了千千万万个英语单词。要想会拼读单词，必须学会48个国际音标。 一．元音字母 Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu 在单词中的发音 1. Aa的发音 开音节:［ei］name game age cake grade same face take 闭音节: [] and map bag thank am hand apple 2.Ee的发音 开音节：［i:］ he me she three meet bee see 闭音节: [e] egg pen desk pencil yes ten telephone 3.Ii的发音 开音节：［ai］hi five nine bike fine nice like 闭音节：[ i ] it is in six sit this Miss big pink 4.Oo的发音 开音节：[u:] do to two who ［əʊ］ no go home those phone hello zero 闭音节：［כ］ not box clock dog on cock 5.Uu的发音 开音节 [ u: ] ruler blue Lucy [ ju:] use excuse student computer huge 闭音节 [Λ] bus cup mum but us number much 讨论：通过观察，同学们归纳一下什么是开音节？什么是闭音节？不求掌握，只理解即可。 上面通过5个元音字母我们学习了以下11音标： [j] ［ei］［i:］［ai］［u］[ ju:] [u:] [] [ e ] [ i ] ［כ］[Λ] 二．掐头法学读音：Ff、 Ll 、Mm 、Nn 、Ss 、Xx。 读以上辅音字母名称音，将其第一个音去掉，余下的音即为该字母在单词中的发音 Ff[ef] →[e][f]去[e] →余[f] 例词：five knife friend Ll[el] →[e][l]去[e] →余[l] 例词: apple spell double Mm[em]→[e][m]去[e]→余[m] 例词: name am me my Nn[en] →[e][n]去[e] →余[n] 例词: nine pen ten Ss[es] →[e][s]去[e] →余[s] 例词: bus this class Xx[eks] →[e][ks]去[e] →余[ks] 例词: six fox next box 三．去尾法学读音：Bb、Cc、Dd、Jj、Kk、Pp、Tt、Vv、Zz 读以上辅音字母名称音，将其后面的音去掉，余下的音即为该字母在单词中的读音。 Bb[bi:] →[b][i:]去[i:] →余[b] 例: book bag big Cc[si:] →[s][i:]去[i:] →余[s] 例: nice face pencil Dd[di:] →[d][i:]去[i:] →余[d] 例: good desk dog Jj[dʒei] →[dʒ][ei]去[ei] →余[ dʒ ] 例: jeep just Kk[kei] →[k][ei]去[ei] →余[k] 例:book look cook Pp[pi:] →[p][i:]去[i:] →余[p] 例:pen map pink Tt[ti:] →[t][i:]去[i:] →余[t] 例: it ten but twelve Vv[vi:] →[v][i:]去[i:] →余[v] 例:five very seven eleven Zz[zi:] →[z][i:]去[i:] →余[z] 例:zero zoo 只要会字母名称音，用掐头法、去尾法轻而易举地掌握12个辅音字母的读音: [f] [l] [m] [n] [s] [k] [b] [dʒ] [p] [t] [v] [z] 四．对比法学读音：与汉语拼音区别对照学习g, h, y, w, r 5个辅音 汉语拼音 g h y w r 英语读音 g [ g ] h[ h ] y [ j ] w[w ] r[ r ] g good get bag dog h he hi hat hen y yes young yellow w we where woman r red zero right friend 五．字母组合记忆法：ch sh ck qu ch [t∫ ] China Chinese much teacher chicken sh [ ∫ ] she English fish ship short shop ck [ k ] black clock lock blackboard sock qu [kw ] quarter quiz quick quite 六．th的发音。 th[Ɵ] three[Ɵri:] 三 mouth[mauƟ] 嘴 thirteen think th[] this[is] 这 that[t] 那 they father mother 七．中元音：[ʌ] [З:] [ǝ] [ʌ] u bus but number must mum much o some love come son mother worry ou double young touch cousin [З:] ir girl thirteen shirt bird first sir skirt er her term ur purple nurse purse hurt Thursday turn return or work word worker world [ǝ] er later teacher father mother computer sister or doctor visitor forget a about banana woman o welcome o’clock 八．鼻（辅）音：[m] [n] [ŋ] [m] m my name me same game mom welcome [n] n nine pen ten then and on in only need [ŋ] n morning thank [Ɵŋk] long[lɒŋ] pink think 九．后元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ɒ] [u:] [ʊ] [ɑ:] ar are car arm star farm farmer guitar park a class ask father banana glass past after aunt [ɔ:] or morning short forty order sort for al tall small hall ball call wall our your four pour au daughter because ar warm quarter war warn [ɒ] o not box dog shop bottle mom wrong long a what want watch [u:] oo too school cool zoo room afternoon food o do to who whose u blue ruler Lucy [ʊ] oo book look good cook foot u put full 十．破擦音：[tr] [dr] [ʧ] [ʤ] [ʦ] [ʣ] [tr] tr tree try train [dr] dr dress driver drink [ʧ] ch China teacher much [ʤ] j\g orange jeep [ʦ] ts cats it’s what’s [ʣ] ds beds friends 十一. 摩擦音[h] [r] [j] [Ʒ] [w]及舌侧音 [l] [h] he hello his [r] red right [j] yes young yellow [w] we what one[wΛn]一（特殊发音） [l] apple little let 十二. 20个英语元音音素归类： 前元音：[i:] [І] [e] [] [i:] e me he she we ee see meet three tree thirteen green free need ea teacher please seat teach speak eat [І ] i big is this six pink will him with kid fish [e] e egg desk pen ten seven telephone eleven friend ea head bread breakfast heavy sweater a many any [] a and thank apple can map cap cat 中元音：[ʌ] [З:] [ǝ] [ʌ] u bus but number us much up o some love come son worry does ou double young touch cousin country [З:] ir girl thirteen shirt skirt sir first bird third ur purple purse turn return Thursday er her term or work worker word [ǝ] er teacher later number 后元音：[ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ɒ] [u:] [ʊ] [ɑ:] ar are car arm a class ask father [ɔ:] or morning short forty al tall small hall our your four [ɒ] o not box dog a what want watch [u:] oo too cool school zoo o do to who woman(变成复数后o的发音要变化) u blue ruler [ʊ] oo book look good u put full 双元音：[eI] [aI] [ɔI ] [əʊ ] [aʊ] [Iə] [eə] [ʊə ] [eI] a□e name same grade cake face take(除have外) ay say day play way pay today ai wait afraid paid train again ei eight weight [aI] i□e fine nine nice five knife wide time like kite （give和live除外） i hi high right light y my bye shy fly try [ɔI] oy boy toy joy oi boil oil [əʊ] o□e nose those home oa coat boat road o no go zero ow yellow window know [aʊ] ow how now brown ou mouth about round [Iə] ear year ear dear hear ere here ea idea really theater [eə] ear wear pear bear ere where there air hair chair pair eir their [ʊə] oor poor ure pure sure[ʃʊə] 六．28个英语辅音音素归纳 [ p ] p map keep pig [ b ] b boy bag book [ t ] t it that tall [ d ] d good desk bed [ k ] k book look kill [ g ] g good go egg c cat cap picnic ck black clock back [ f ] f fine knife five [v] v love eleven seven ph phone telephone photo [ s ] s see bus class [ z ] z zoo zero zone c nice face city s his nose those [ ϑ ] th thank three mouth [ ] th this that these [ ∫ ] sh fish English ship [ʒ ] s usually pleasure [ t∫ ] ch China teacher much [dʒ] ge orange age page j jeep joy job [ tr ] tr tree try train [ dr ] dr driver drink dress [ ts ] ts cats hats gets [ dz ] ds beds kinds friends [ h ] h he head hello [ r ] r red right rain [ m ] m me name my [ n ] n no name nine [ ŋ ] ng\n sing long thank [ l ] l let lot like tall full well [ j ] y yes year yellow [ w ] w what we work