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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Unit 2 What should I do.一丶重点短语1argue v 争辩。争执argue with sb与某人吵架I argued with my best friend我和我的好伴侣吵架了。2 eitheradv. (用于否定句)也He doesnt have any money, and I dont, either他没有钱,我也没有。I can t play chess. She cant, either.我不会下国际象棋,她也不会。 too也(用于确定或疑问句)I m a teacher
2、 He is a teacher, too我是老师,他也是老师。3ask(sb) for sth向某人寻求某物。要 Dont ask for food every day Go and find some work 别每天要饭,找点儿工作做。I don t think you should ask your parents for some money.我想你不应向父母要钱。4the same as.与相同(留意前后两个比较对象的属性保持一样)The clothesare the same asmy friends这些衣服与我伴侣的一样。Tom is the same age as Anna
3、Tom is as old as Anna汤姆和安娜一样大。Her backpack is the same as mine.她的背包与我的一样。5except除以外。( 不包括在内)My class has been invited except me除我以外,我的同学都被邀请了。All the students went to the park except him除了他之外,全体同学都去过公园了。They all traveled America except her.除了她以外,全部的同学都去美国旅行过。留意区分: besides除以外,仍有 .(包括在内)We all went th
4、ere besides him除他去以外,我们也都去了。 He went thereWe went there, too 他也去了,我们也去了!/ 大家都去了!There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外仍有5 名访客 (加上我是 6个)6wrong adj 错误的。有毛病的。不合适的 Whats wrong with you.你怎么了 . 你哪里不舒适 . Ive got a headache我头痛。Whatswrong with your watch. It doesnt work.你的手表怎么了?它不走了。留意: Whats the matt
5、er with you.= Whats wrong with you .=Whats the trouble with you.你怎么了? / 你出什么事了?7get on ( well ) with sb与某人相处(融洽)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -get on well with sth某事进展的好The students wil
6、l get on well with the teacher同学会和老师相处得特别好。 How are you going on with your new friends.你和你的新伴侣相片如何? These days ,Mr Green gets on well with his new job.这些天,格林先生的工作进展很顺当8have a fight with sb fight with sb与某人打架I don t want to have a fight with my cousin 我不想和我的堂兄打架。They never fight with each other.They
7、are really good friends.他们从不打架,他们的确是好伴侣。二、主要句型 Key Sentences StructuresWhat should I do.You could write him a letter What should he do. Maybe he should say sorry to him What should they do. They shouldnt argue三、词语辨析1. borrow sth. from sb.从某人处借进某物(借回来)lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth把某物借给某人(借出去)注:borr
8、ow sth. from sb.是指该句的主语从别人处 往里 借进某物例:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday.他昨天从露西处借了那本字典. lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth.是指该句的主语把某物(往外)借给别人用例如: Could you lend me your car.=Could you lend your car to me.请你借给我你的车用一下好吗?2. get sb. to do使做(以人为对象时,有“说服使做”的含义) He could get a tutor to come to his
9、home.他可以请一位家庭老师来他家。 Youll never get her to agree.你决不行能使她同意。ask sb. to do邀请(人)做 We asked her to come to our party.我们请她来参与聚会 tell sb. to do让某人做某事例如:The teacher told him to finish the work that day.老师那天让他完成那项工作。3、be in style时髦的,流行的be out of style过时的,不时髦的例: Look. Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很时髦。Those
10、 clothes are out of style.那些衣服过时了。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -四、课文说明1、I don t want to surprise him.我不想让他感到意外。此处 surprise是及物动词surprise sb.使某人感到惊讶eg. My friend always surprises me.2、ta
11、lk about it on the phone用电话就此事进行沟通 On the phone在电话里。不能使用 in the phone、 eg. They talk about a lot on the phone yesterday.他们昨天在电话里谈了很多3、call sb. up =give sb. a call给某人打电话4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb.给某人写信5、give him a ticket to a ball game.给他一张观看球赛的入场券 留意 to译为: .的eg. They got two tickets
12、 to tonights show.他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场券。6、She has the same haircut as Ido.她和我有相同的发型。eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。7、find out(经过某人的讨论、努力)发觉,查出,找出You should find out the answer for yourself.你应当自己去找答案。8、Everyone else in my class was invitedexceptme.除了我以外,我们班其他别的人都接到了邀请(信)此句中 e
13、lse 一词不能单独使用,它必需跟在不定代词像“someone, anyone nobody ”等词的后面,或跟在特别疑问词像“what, where ”等词的后面使用意思是“别的”eg. What else别的什么, Who else其他谁someone else其他人9、I can t think what I did wrong.我真想不出我做错了什么。此句中 what I did wrong是宾语从句 ,应用陈述语序(即 :主语 +动词)10、I m very upset and dont know what to do.我很懊丧,不知该干什么。此句中 what to do是不定式作
14、know 的宾语,可用宾语从句来代替。可以说成“I dont know what I should do.”请背熟以下两个常见结构:I don t knowwhat to do. 我不知道该 做什么 。I don t knowhow to do it.我不知道该 怎么去做它 。11、There are a lot of things you could do.有很多你能做的事。此句中 you could do是定语从句,修饰前面的名词“things ”12、You left your homework at home. 你把你的作业落在家里了。leave sth. + 介词短语,是“把 忘在,
15、落在(某处)的意思。eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把伞忘在公交车上。注: 千万不能依据汉语的说法写为:forget sth ,只能用 leave sth.表示“落下 ”13、You should try to be funny.你应当试着幽默一些。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Try to d
16、o努力做,试着做,尽量做而 try not to do是尽量不做eg. Please try not to be late again.请尽量不要再迟到。14、Their school days are busy enough.他们的学校生活是够忙的。enough 必需放在形容词 / 副词的后面 , 表示“足够的”(后置)eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple.他足够高的可以够着那个苹果。15、be under too much pressure.在太多的压力下16、see other children doing a lot of things看别
17、的孩子在做很多事 seesb. doing观察某人正在干某事(强调动作正在进行) Seesb do sth观察某人做过某事(强调动作已终止)eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那时我们观察他们在打篮球17、find it hard to do sth.发觉做(事)很难He found it hard to learn math well.他发觉学好数学很难注: it中学阶段常作:形式主语/ 形式宾语,而句子真正的主语 / 宾语就由 to do来担当.一、介词按其构成可分为:1. 简洁介词 at, in, on, to, since,
18、until等。如:Hes worked there since 1998.2. 复合介词 into, onto, out of等。如:She is out of school.她毕业了。3. 二重介词 from under, from behind, from out of, until after, except in等。如:Im from out of town.我是从城外来的。4. 短语介词 because of, instead of, in spite of等。如:I went back not because of the rain, but because I was tired
19、.我回去不是由于下雨,而是由于我累了。二、介词的作用:可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -1. 表示的点: after, along, at, below, by, of, near, over, through, under等。如:Near the village the boys are skating on the ice.男孩子们正在
20、村子邻近的冰上滑冰。They lay down under the shade of a tree.他们躺在一棵树的树阴下。2. 表示时间: about, after, across, at, during, for, in, of, till, until等。如:After class he will tell us about the accident.课后他将告知我们有关事故的情形。A heavy rain has been falling across three days.一场大雨下了整整三天。The accident happened during the night.事故发生在夜
21、间。3. 表示动作: at, across, around, on, over, under等。如:The earth goes around the sun.的球绕太阳运行。The car is under repair.汽车在修理中。4. 表示比较: as, like, above, over, with等。如:She was something like her sister.她有几份像她的妹妹。Chinese is much more difficult in contrast with English.和英语相比,汉语难得多。5. 表示缘由: about, for, from, wi
22、th等。如: Dont worry about my lessons.不要担忧我的功课。 Business kept me from coming.我因事不能来。He was angry with what I did.他对我所做的很生气。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -6. 表示条件: to, with, without等。如:With
23、out your advice, he would have failed.没有你的忠告他可能已经失败了。7. 表示手段、方式:as, by, in, with等。如: He behaved as a drunkard.他的举止犹如醉汉一样。 Learn the new words by heart.记住这些生词。 We see with our eyes.我们用眼睛看。8. 表示距离、数量:from, in, within等。如:My house is ten miles from the school.我家离学校十英里。They were thirty in all.他们总共有三十人。9.
24、 表示目的: as, for等。如:I only said it as a joke.我只是把它当作笑话讲的。Its time for class.到上课的时间了。10. 表示让步: for, with等。如:For all his effort, he didnt succeed.虽然他做了一番努力,仍不能胜利。With all his money, he is unhappy.尽管他有钱,但他并不欢乐。for仍可以引导插入语,例如:I, for one, shall vote against the proposal.我也投票反对这个提议。一时间介词的用法辨析1. 时间介词 in 、on、
25、at 、by 的用法辨析o 介词 in用来表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等。如: in the morning可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -o 介词 on 用来表示某一天或星期几,指明详细的时间。如:on a rainy dayo 介词 at 用来表示特定的时间、节日、年龄等。如:at noono 介词 by 表示的时候、
26、到、等到已经等用在天、时间的前面。如:by 2 o clock2. 时间介词 in与 after的用法辨析o 介词 in +一段时间用于一般将来时。如:Well go to school in two weeks.o 介 词 after +一段时间用于一般过去时。如:My mother came homeafter half an hour.o 介词 after +时间点常用于一般将来时。如:Well go out for a walk after supper.3. 时间介词 for与 since的用法辨析o 介词 for表示一段时间如: I have been living here fo
27、r 10 years.o 介词 since表示从过去某一时间以来如:I have been living here since 2000.4. 时间介词 during与 for的用法辨析o 当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during如: He swims every day during the summer.o 假如一段时间不明确就用介词for如: I haven t seen her foryears.5. 时间介词 before与 by 的用法辨析o 介词before表示“在之前”如: He wont come back before five .o 介词by表示“到时 为止,不迟于”如:
28、 The work must befinished by Friday.6. 时间介词 till与 until用法的异同o till和 until用在确定句中,均可表示“直到为止”,如:I will wait till(until)seven oclocko till和 until用在否定句中,均可表示“在以前”或“直到才”。如: Tom didnt come back till(until)midnight o till多用于一般文体,而until就用于多种文体,并且在句子开头时,用 until而不用 till。如: Until he comes back, nothing can be d
29、one7. 不用介词表达时间的几种情形o 当表示时间的词前有this, that时,其前面不用介词,如:this morningo 当表示时间的词前有next 时,其前面不用介词,如:next Sundayo 当表示时间的词前有last时,其前面不用介词,如:last Sundayo 当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或 all时,其前面不用介词,如: You can come any day.二方位介词与的点介词的用法辨析可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 11 页 -
30、 - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -1. 方位介词 on, over, above的用法辨析o 介词 on 表示一物放在另一物上面,两者紧贴在一起,如:The book is on the table.o 介词 over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在上方”,如:Isthere any bridge over the river.o 介词 above 表示一般的“高于”,“在之上”,如:There was an electric clock above his bed.2
31、. 方位介词 under 与 below 的用法辨析o 介词 under是 over的反义词即“在下方”,如:They were seen under the tree.o 介词 below是 above 的反义词即“低于”,“在之下”,如:They live below us.3. 方位介词 across,、through 、over, 、past 的用法辨析o 介词 across 着重于“从一头或一边到另一头或另一边”,强调从表面穿过。如: She went across the street to make some purchases.o 介词 through着重于“穿越”,强调从肯定
32、的空间内穿过。如: The sunlight was coming in through the window.o 介词 over多表示从“上方越过”,如:He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.o 介词 past表示从“面前经过”,如:Someone has just gone pastthe window.4. 方 位 介 词 in 、 on 、 at 的 用 法 辨 析o介词 in 表示“排、行、组”,如:We are in Team One. o介词 on 表示“左、右”,如: Li Ping is on my
33、left. o介 词at表 示 “ 前 、 后 ” , 如 : Isitatthefrontoftheclassroom.5. 方位介词 to 、for的用法辨析o 介词to表示目的的或去的目的,如:Wil you take a train to Tianjian.o 介词 for表示动身去某的,如: He got on a train for Shanghai.6. 的点介词 at 与 in 的用法辨析o 介词at表示较小的的方,如家、村、乡村等,如:He lives at a small village.o 介词 in表示较大的的方,如大城市、国家、洲等,如:He lives inBeij
34、ing.7. 的 点 介 词 at 与 on 的 用 法 辨 析o介词 at 用于门牌号,如: He lives at No.200, Nanjing Road. o介词 on 用于路名,如: He lives on Nanjing Road.8. 的点介词 in 、on、to 的用法辨析 o介词 in 表示“包含”如: Beijing is in the north of China. o介词 on 表示“紧邻”如: Canada lies on the north of the U.S. o介词 to 表示“没接触”如: France lies to the south of Englan
35、d.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -三其他易混介词的用法辨析1. 动作介词 to 与 toward 的用法辨析o 介词 to 表示向某处移动,如: They were driving to work together.o介词 toward表示移向某处,如: Were moving toward the light.2. 缘由介词 beca
36、use、as、for的用法辨析o 介词 because 表示“由于。由于”指直接的、明确的缘由,用来回答why 的问句,语气最强。如: The boy was absent because he was ill.o 介词 as 表示“由于。鉴于”指一种显而易见、谈话双方已知的理由。如: She stayed at home as she had no car.o 介词 for表示 “由于。由于”指一种间接缘由,甚至只是一种附带的说明。如: It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.3. 材料介词 of 和 from 的用法o 介词o
37、f用于成品与材料的性质不变时,如:The desk is made of wood.o 介词from用于成品与材料的性质已变时,如:Wine is made fromgrapes.4. 表示“用”的介词in 、with 、by 的用法辨析 o介词 in 表示“用材料、语言”如:Can you say it in English. o介词 with表示“用工具、某物”如:with a pen o介词 by 表示“用、以、靠、通过方法”如:He prefers travelingby car.5. 介词 between 与 among的用法辨析o 介词 between 表示“在两者之间”如:Don
38、t sit between the two girls.o 介词 among 表示“在当中(三者或以上)”如:They lived amongthe mountains in the past.6. 介词 besides与 except 的用法辨析o 介词 besides表示“除之外(全部运算在内)”如:We have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang.o 介词except表示“除之外(不运算在内)”如: We are allChinese except Tom in our class.综上所述,正确使用介词的关键是:先记住介词的汉语意思,然后参照样句来加
39、深理 解,并在今后的学习中多积存,勤实践,细心体会介词应用当中的微小差别,敏捷应用就肯定能把介词把握好。练习一丶单项挑选1. I m not good at math. I really dont know .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -A. what should I doB.how should doC.what to do2.
40、My best friend is the same . We are both 12 years old.A. as my ageB.age as meC.as me age3. Can you what time the meeting starts. A.find outB.look afterC.find4. My mother knows little about fashion. Her clothes are always A.in styleB. Out of styleC.new and smart5. Dad, I dont have enough money to buy
41、 a CD. Could you me some.A. borrowB.lendC.keep6. Don t argue your parents. Its not polite. A.toB.forC.with7. “What should I do .” “ you could get part- time job.”A.Maybe ,aB.May be ,/C.Really, a 8.- Youd better not go out now. Its raining.-It doesnt matter. Mynew coat can keep the rain. A.inB.ofC.ou
42、t9. Its a beautiful coat. But he only 30 dollars for it.A. paidB.boughtC.spent 10.The weather is for us to go swiming.A. enough warmB.warm enoughC.too warm 11.He his homework at home yesterday.A. leftB.leavesC.forgot12. Could you give me to eat. I m hungry. A.anythingB.somethingC.some thing13. If you are wrong, you should sorry others.A. talk, toB.say, toC.speak, about14. I was told to be here before seven.-Oh, you .Im sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan.A. mustB.cantC.neednt15. Whats w