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1、高考英语考点解析复习讲义及训练题-阅读理解细节事实2 Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator, operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States? Among the arguments
2、 for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than ci- vilian (百姓的)clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The tel- evision repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one w
3、ho appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other cl
4、othes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deduct ible(可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experi- enced by people who must wear them. Though
5、 there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least. Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasti
6、ng, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rath- er than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes. 1. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and i
7、ndi viduality _. A. still judge a man by his clothes B. hold the uniform in such high regard C. enjoy having a professional identity D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform 答案: B 指导：这篇文章主要讲述崇尚个性、崇尚多样化的美国人为何爱穿制服，以及制服所带来的利弊，是一道区分事实题。由第一段第一句“Americans are proud Of their var
8、iety and individuality，yet they love and respect few things more than auniform可知应选B项。2. People are accustomed to think that armn in uniform_. A. suggests quality work B. discards his social identity C. appears to be more practical D. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes 答案: A 指导：由第二段第二句Peo
9、ple have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears auniform可判断A项正确。Passage * (世纪报模拟) The modern Olympic Games were founded with the intention of improving health and education, promoting world peace, and encouraging fair and equal competition. But over the years, the olympic
10、 saying, faster, higher, stronger, has pushed scientists as well as athletes to do everything possible to reach new levels. Doctors, engineers and coaches all use everyting science has to offer to achieve that little bit extra in competition. The reason modern technology has become part of sport is
11、very simple: winning is just as important as it was 2,500 years ago at the olympics of ancient Greece. Developments in technology have often been reflected in the methods of training and per- formance at the olympics through history. This technology falls into two main groups: improving an athlets p
12、erformance in competition, and allowing results to be measured more accurately. One of the creations that has drawn the most attention is the new high-tech swimsuit from Speedo, which was used by many US swimmers in Athens. Until Sydney , it was thought that the smaller the swimsuit, the faster the
13、swimmer would travel. However, the fact that at the Sydney Olympics,28 of the 33 gold medalists were wearing the body covering Fastskin suit proved the theory was out of date, said Andy Thomas, vicepresident of Speed. The companys full body suit is supposed to make swim- mers 3 to 4 percent faster,
14、particularly when turning or diving into the water. It is believed that the suit creates less water re- sistance as it moves, behaving more like a shark skin than a human skin. The introduction of high-tech equipment means that athletes in all sports, from 100-metre sprint to the pole vault,can now
15、train more effectively.Meanwhile, scientific devlopment also means performances can be measured and studied more accurately. Not only are winning times more accurately recorded, but cheating athletes are easier to catch out. Athens 20典型例题nizers promised to use only the very latest equipment to measu
16、re distance and speed. 1. Which is not the first aim of the modern Olympic Games? A. Improving health and education. B. Promoting world peace. C. Encouraging fair and equal competition. D. Winning medals. 答案: D 由文章第一句“the intention of improving bealth and education，promotmg world preace，and encourag
17、ing fair and equal competition知，winning medals不包括在内，应选D.2. The reason modern technology has become part of sport is that people_. A. make every effort to win medals B. do their best to invent new sports equipmnt C. try to test their abilities D. want to improve their condition of competition 答案: A 由
18、第二段第二句The reason modern technology has become part of sport is very simple：winning is just as imortant as it was2，500years ago at the Olympics of ancient Greece知，A选项(努力赢得奖牌)最符合文章。3. In the passage it mentions that high technology is involved in_ aspects. A. 1 B.2 C. 3 D. 4 答案: B 从文章第二段最后一句知：高科技应用于运动
19、的目的有二；提高运发动在竞赛中的表现能力，使比赛结果更准确。Passage * (仪征联考) The following is about the BBC and some other broadcasting stations Britain.Station Broadcasting timeType of programmeRadio Radio 24 hours a day24 hours a dayPop and light music;sportsPop and light music;sportsRadio Radio 7 a. m. toabout mindnight6 a. m
20、. to about midnightSerious music; culturalprogrammes; science talkThe main news service.The BBC has local radio stations, such as Radio Wales which broadcasts some programmes in the Welsh language. The BBC local radio stations which bring local news and stories of local interest, such as Radio Londo
21、n.Commercial(有广告收入的) radio has no national stations but it has many local ones; London has two-the London Broadcasting Company (LBC) and Capital Radio.There is advertising on commercial radio but not on the BBC. 1. On which radio can you hear a commercial? A. Radio 3 B. Radio 4. C. Capital Radio. D.
22、 Radio London. 答案: C 从表中第五栏中可知：有广告收入的电台即具有商业性质的电台有两家：一为伦敦播送公司(LBC)，另一为首都播送(Capital Radio)。2. You need to listen to_for a programme on outer space. A. Radio 2 B . Radio 3 C. Radio D. LBC 答案: B 从表中第二栏知Radioa播有Science talk节目，而outer space属于Science talk，应选BPassage * (质量) LONDON-Everyone else has one! Luc
23、y declared to her parents, trying to get a mobile phone as a gift for her 14th birthday. Her parents gave in. Curious to know how her daughter would use the phone, Jane Bidder, the mother, followed Lucy to the school bus in the morning The bus seats 20, of whgom half have a mobile phone: One rings a
24、nd several adolescent (青少年的) owners feel in their bags. Many parents have just come to realize that the mobile phone is no longer only for travelling businessmen it is as likely to be found in school bags. The mobile phone seems to have become something essential for todays teens in Britain, accordi
25、ng to a survey published last week, by NOP, a leading market research company in Britain. Research found that 66 percent of 16-year-old now have ac- cess to a mobile phone. The mobile phone has been turned into a secret messaging service by teen users. When they are talking on the mo- bile, their pa
26、rents are not able tc; eavesdrop on the secondline. The interviews with 2,典型例题ng people aged 7 to 16 found that they favour the text messaging services because they offer a secret way of keeping in touch. The days of secret notes in the classroom are dying out. For example, cya means see you; IOI me
27、ans laughs out loud; and 2nite is an abbreviation of tonight. All these are based on shorthand phrases used on the Internet. Many schools have banned students using mobile phones. But they are not very successful. Still phones ring in the class and disturb study. Besides, people are worried about th
28、e health risk to kids using mobile phones.Scientists believe children are especially vulnerable to the mobile radiation. 1. The story of Lucy is told to show us A. British parents meet their childrens needs whatever they are B. British kids have good relationships with their parents C. how British p
29、arents accept the truth of teenagers owning a mobile phone D. why every child gets a mobile phone as a birthday present in the UK答案: C 指导：文中第一段Lucy说“每人都有一部 ，所以父母屈服了，故此C为最正确选项。2. What would be the best title for this news story? A. School bans mobile phones B. Parents curiosity about children using m
30、obiles C. Mobile popularity among UK teens D. Secret messages popular among kids in the UK 答案: C 指导：本文通过Lucy父母的所见所闻，说明 在英国学生中是很普通的，所以C为最正确选项，而其他三个选项都不能概括文章的主要思想。3. The underlined word eavesdrop means_. A. join in actively B. interrupt rudely C. watch carefully D. listen secretly 答案: D指导：由文中前一句The mo
31、bile phone has been turned into a secret messaging service by teen users和“their parents are not able to可知D为正确答案。4. Interviews discover children like sending messages instead of_. A. calling each other B. writing notes to each other C. playing games online D. greeting each other Passages 答案: B 指导：由文中
32、倒数第五段“Theyfavourthetextmessa ging services because they offer as ecret wayThe days“ secret notes in the classroom are dying out可知学生喜欢短信息，所以答案为B.Passage * (测评)Life is difficult. It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it. Then life is no longer difficult. Most do not fully see
33、 this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that difficulties represent (代表) a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation. What makes life difficult is t
34、hat the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sadness, or loneliness or regret or anger or fear. These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life
35、 is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve pr
36、oblems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and work- ing out problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, Those things that hurt, instruct. It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.
37、1. From the passage, it can be inferred that_. A. everybody has problems B. we become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of life C. life is difficult because our problems bring us pain D. people like to complain: about their problems 答案: B 指导：全文主要讲述有人抱怨生活的艰难，作者也成认生活是艰难的，然而正是这艰难的解决问题的过程使生活更
38、有意义，所以文中最后一段第三行When we desire to encourage the growth“human spirit，we encourage the human ability to solveproblems，故此B为最正确选项。2. The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph to_. A. save space R persuade readers C. make readers laugh D. get readers attention 答案: D 指导：写文章的目的
39、就是解决问题，本文首先开门见山地点出问题，显然是为了吸引读者的注意力，而不是其他选项。3. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that_. A. most people feel life is easy B. the writer feels life is easy C. the writer likes to complain about his problems D. most people complain about how hard their lives are 答案: D 指导：由第三段第一句和第二句可知第三段的主要意思是“人们经常抱怨生活多么艰
40、辛。4. According to the passage, we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to_. A. encourage them to learn B. teach them to fear the pain of solving the problem C. help them learn to deal with pain D. teach them how to respect from problems 答案: A 指导：由文章倒数第四句we encourage the human ab
41、ility to solve problems，justasin school we set problems for our childrentosolve可知A为最正确选项。5. The saying from Benjamin Franklin Those things that hurt,instruct suggests that_. A. we do not learn from experience B. we do not learn when we are in pain C. pain teaches us important lessons D. pain cannot be avoided答案: C 指导：由文中It is through the para of meeting and working out problems that we learn可知答案为C，意思是正是通过解决问题的痛苦，我们学到了知识。