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1、课时作业(十一)(Book Units 2122)(对应学生用书P323).单项填空1With the guide the way，we finally got to the village.AledBto leadChad ledDleading解析：句意：在向导的引领下，我们终于到达了村子。with的复合结构，lead和the guide之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动。答案：D2(模拟)Jess was sad and her friends helped her the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died.Abreak thro
2、ughBbreak downCget throughDget rid of解析：句意：在杰西的丈夫比尔去世之后，杰西很伤心，她朋友帮助她度过了最初的可怕的几周。break through突破，冲破；break down出故障，崩溃；get through度过，完成，接通；get rid of除掉，克服。答案：C3(模拟)What a pity！I missed meeting my friend at the airport because my car was in the traffic jam.Abroken upBheld upCkept backDkept up解析：考查动词短语辨析
3、。break up打碎，结束，解散，断绝关系，放假；hold up耽误；keep back阻止；keep up维持，保持。根据语境，此题选用hold up。答案：B4(模拟)He was in the mountain for a year.He felt as if he was from the outside world.Acut outBcut offCcut upDcut through解析：句意：他在山里待了一年。他感觉就好似与世隔绝了一样。cut out删掉，停止，关掉；cut off切断，切掉，隔绝；cut up切碎；cut through划破，穿透。答案：B5 things
4、had been tough at times when he was in school，he graduated from college with honors.AIfBWhileCBecauseDAs解析：考查状语从句。句意：虽然在时有时很困难，但他以优异的成绩从大学毕业了。while在此引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然。答案：B6I really appreciate your offering to help me，but I am sure that I will be able to by myself.AtryBattemptCdoDmanage解析：考查动词辨析。try尽
5、力，尝试；attempt企图，尝试；do做；manage设法做到，能够对付。结合句意，此处使用manage.答案：D7In most cases，customers cant help to buy things they actually do not need.Ato persuadeBto be persuadedCpersuadingDbeing persuaded8At present，there is a(n) that more graduates choose teaching as their permanent careers.AdirectionBattractionCt
6、endencyDattempt解析：考查名词辨析。direction方向，指导；attraction吸引(力)；tendency趋势；attempt企图，尝试。结合题意，此处选用tendency。答案：C9A good idea to me，and I quickly picked up the phone to tell Jack about it.AstruckBappearedChappenedDoccurred10The young man works hard he never knew tiredness.Aas ifBso thatCeven thoughDwhile解析：考查状
7、语从句。句意：那个工人工作努力，仿佛从不知疲倦似的。so that一般引导目的或结果状语从句；even though多引导让步状语从句；while一般引导时间、让步等状语从句，这三项均不合逻辑关系，应选用as if。答案：A11Could I ask you a rather personal question?Sure， .Apardon meBgo aheadCgood ideaDforget it解析：句意：我可以问你一个私人问题吗？当然可以，说吧。pardon me“请再说一遍；go ahead“干吧，说吧，用吧；good idea“好主意；forget it“没关系，不必在意，(表示
8、不想重复说过的话)别提它了。答案：B12(东城区模拟)Is it dangerous?Yes，but I have to the risk，because thats the only chance to find out the truth.AmakeBtakeCholdDcatch解析：take/run the risk是固定搭配，意为“冒险。答案：B13(调研)Its useless down about the problem at once.Agetting；to talkBto get；talkingCto get；to talkDgetting；to talking解析：Its
9、useless doing sth.是常用句型，意为“做某事是无用的。get down to意为“着手做，开始做，to 是介词，后接doing。答案：D14(唐山质检)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed .AcatchingBto be caughtCbeing caughtDto catch解析：句意：这只松鼠很幸运，它刚刚没有被逮着。miss“错过后面需要接动词ing形式，所以排除B项和D项；动词catch与其逻辑主语the squirrel之间是动宾关系，因此要用被动形式，所以答案为C项。答案：C15(唐山摸底)There was a f
10、lood after the earthquake， the situation even worse.AmadeBto makeCmakeDmaking解析：句意：地震之后发生的洪水使情况变得更糟。此处考查用make的现在分词形式作状语表示结果。答案：D.完形填空The eyes are one of the most expressive instruments of body language.Keith，seventeen，from Montclair New Jersey，learned the hard way about 1 the eyes can make.“I had a
11、teacher who graded heavily on classroom 2 ，Keith says.“He seemed to have a strong 3 to know just when I didnt have the 4 .I couldnt figure out how he could be so 5 .Then it grew clear.Whenever I didnt know the answer，I would 6 looking at him.When I did know what to say，I always 7 straight back at hi
12、m.From that moment on，I 8 myself to look him in the eye， 9 I knew the work or not.That trick has 10 me a lot of trouble.Many people，including some policemen，believe eye contact is a good 11 of honesty.If someone cant look you directly in the eye，then he or she is not playing 12 ，they insist.After ma
13、ny experiments，however，a number of experts have found out that good liars can make 13 eye contact.Eye contact，though not a 14 sign of dishonesty，is a clear way to show 15 in another person.When a person looks at you and continues to do so，you know his 16 is placed on you.When he turns his head away，
14、his mind is probably 17 .But there are exceptions.A 18 person may have trouble making and keeping eye contact，no matter how interested he is in the other person，and certain 19 ，such as the British and Germans，are 20 oriented(定向的)to eyeballtoeyeball contact than the French and the Arabs.1A.movementBn
15、oticeCmessageDgesture解析：从第一段第一句可知，眼睛可以表达信息。此处的message正好和第一句吻合起来。答案：C2A.examsBbehaviorCperformanceDdiscussion解析：从下文知道答案和不知道答案时作者所作出的不同反响来看，这里不是在进行考试，应选D。答案：D3A.abilityBideaCmindDbelief解析：have an ability to do sth.的意思是“有能力做某事。答案：A4A.reasonBproblemCexcuseDanswer解析：下文“Whenever I didnt know the answer可知答
16、案。答案：D5A.interestingBsharpCrightDdull解析：sharp在此表示“敏锐的，精明的，聪明的。答案：B6A.avoidBenjoyCpretendDhate解析：avoid doing sth.表示“防止做某事。答案：A7A.turnedBstoodClaughedDstared解析：了解答案时，一般人的反响都是直接看着提问者。答案：D8A.helpedBforcedCtaughtDpersuaded解析：不知道答案而要装作知道答案并做出胸有成竹的样子直盯着提问者是需要勇气和技巧的。发现自己的问题并找出解决的答案都是作者自己做到的，因此说，作者教会了自己如何做。答
17、案：C9A.wheneverBwhetherChoweverDas if解析：从下文的or not可知选B。答案：B10A.savedBsentCbroughtDrid解析：save sb. sth.是常用的短语，意思是“给某人节省了某物。答案：A11A.actBwayCchanceDtest解析：从下文做过许多实验来看，此处谈论的是对老实的检测。答案：D12A.honestlyBquicklyCcorrectlyDkindly解析：不敢看人的眼睛，说明这个人是不老实的。答案：ABterribleCfairDfalse解析：liars(说谎者)发出的自然是虚假的信息。答案：D14A.realB
18、fastCwonderfulDsure解析：眼睛的接触对大多数人而言可以测试出是否是老实的，但是事情也并不总是这样，上文就提到好的说谎者可以给出虚假的信息。因此，该空用sure表示“确定的。答案：D15A.careBinterestCjoyDanger解析：show interest in的意思是“对表现出兴趣，和下文给出的例子吻合。答案：BBspiritCsoulDenergy解析：当一个人长时间地注视着你，那自然是把他的注意力放在你身上。答案：A17A.anywhereBnowhereCelsewhereDsomewhere解析：该句表现的是和上句相反的含义。解析：C18A.braveBs
19、hyCstupidDproud解析：生性腼腆的人一般都害怕和别人进行眼睛的交流。答案：B19A.nationalitiesBcultureCcountriesDlanguages解析：从下文British and Germans可知，此处谈论的是“民族。答案：A20A.much moreBfar lessCrather tooDno sooner解析：英国人和德国人不愿意和别人进行眼睛接触，远不及法国人和阿拉伯人。答案：B.阅读理解A(毕业班检测)On the first day of my new high school，I almost had a nervous breakdown.Ev
20、erything about the school seemed so difficult.When I got home，my parents said，“Youre nervous and thats okay.Everyone is afraid of high school.I denied it.I wanted to be strong，so I refused to let anyone know about my fear，even my closest friends.On the first day I was late for every class and was co
21、nstantly lost.The school seemed like a puzzle that I couldnt figure out.Was this how the whole year was going to be？I didnt think I could rise to this challenge，especially carrying a huge backpack that I could hardly lift.It was so big that I could knock someone out with it！The schoolmates seemed to
22、 regard me as a fool，and they were probably right.Despite my fears，after the first week I finally had my schedule figured out.With the exception of falling up and down the stairs a couple of times and getting laughed at，high school was turning out to be not so bad.It was actually much better than mi
23、ddle school and much more challenging.Since then，Ive been elected vice monitor of my class，which wasnt much of a victory since only three people ran for the four positions.It is normal to be scared about a new school.Take a deep breath and relax.High school is something that any student can overcome
24、.Make sure you participate in some outofclass activities because youll find it easier to make friends.Try to do your best，even if it isnt straight As.Most important of all，be who you are，whether youre a “fool，an athlete，or a lower grader.Dont try to pretend to be someone youre not.Now you know the t
25、rue secrets of high school.1The main reason for the authors fear on his first day is that .Ahe was unable to work out the puzzleBhis schoolmates were unfriendly to himChe was not familiar with the new surroundingsDhis schoolbag was too heavy for him to carry解析：推理判断题。从第一段中的Everything about the school
26、 seemed so difficult和第二段中的The school seemed like a puzzle等可以知道，作者在高中第一天担忧与紧张的原因是他还不熟悉新的高中生活，不了解新，所以答案选C项。答案：C2From the authors first day experience we can infer that .Ahis home was far from the schoolBhe got to school after classes beganChe didnt get any school scheduleDhe didnt know the right way t
27、o class解析：推理判断题。从第二段中的was constantly lost.The school seemed like a puzzle that I couldnt figure out可知，作者第一天上学每节课都迟到，对他而言，像是一个迷宫，他不知道如何走，所以答案选D项“作者不知道如何找到上课的教室的正确道路。答案：D3After his first week at school，the author .Awas still not accustomed to the scheduleBgradually adjusted himself to the new schoolCf
28、ound high school not so challenging as he had imaginedDran for monitor of his class against three other students解析：细节理解题。从文章第三段的内容可知，作者通过一个星期的适应后，他已经习惯了在新高中的学习和生活，应选B项。答案：B4According to the passage，the secret of the authors success lies mainly in .Amaking more friendsBgetting more As at schoolCbeing
29、 who he really isDjoining in outofclass activitiesB( 模拟)Imagine your body is like the house you live in.Every day，your family creates rubbish.The rubbish builds up until it is put out for the weekly garbage collection. Now，say you put three bags of garbage out，but because one of the collectors was a
30、way sick，only two bags are collected.You take the leftover bag inside to be put out again next week.The following week you put on another three bags，plus the leftover bag from last week.But again，only two bags are collected.Imagine this cycle is repeated over the following weeks.This is a simple des
31、cription of what happens to your body when your kidneys(肾脏)dont work efficiently.Your body is not thoroughly emptied of waste products.Other areas of the body such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins.Its not un
32、common for people to lose up to 90% of their kidney function before developing any symptoms.There may be no warning signs.This makes early detection(诊查)difficult.Kidneys main job is to remote toxins(毒素)and unwanted water from our blood.Every day our kidneys clean an average of 200 litres of blood.Ki
33、dney failure may be a gradual and silent process，going unnoticed because there is no apparent pain.Research shows that more than 25% of the patients requiring dialysis(透析)do not see a kidney specialist before they have to do so.Some risk factors for kidney disease such as age and genetic makeup are
34、out of our control；however，some changes in lifestyle may help prevent kidney damage.Two major risk factors for kidney disease，diabetes(糖尿病)and high blood pressure，have been on the rise over the last few decades.Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercises
35、，which are the potential risk factors for the kidney disease.5The author gives the example of the house we live in to indicate that .Ait doesnt matter much if the waste in our body is not emptied in timeBour body will not produce any waste if our kidneys work efficientlyCits important for our body t
36、o empty the waste in time every dayDits safe and harmless for our body to keep some waste 解析：推理判断题。通过前两段的类比，作者在第三段指出了意图：“This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys dont work efficiently.Your body is not thoroughly emptied of waste products.答案：C6The underlined word “i
37、nsidiousin Paragraph 3 means .Asmooth and safeBapparent and fastCgradual and unnoticedDlong and painful解析：词义猜想题。根据第五段的“Kidney failure may be a gradual and silent process，going unnoticed because there is no apparent pain.可推知答案为C项。答案：C7We can infer that when we find some symptoms related to our kidney
38、s， .Athe kidney failure beginsBthe kidneys can still work properlyCwe have lost about 10% of kidney functionDthe kidneys may have been seriously damaged解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Its not uncommon for people to lose up to 90% of their kidney function before developing any symptoms.可知答案为D项。答案：D8How many risk fac
39、tors of kidney disease are mentioned in the passage?ASix.BFive.CFour.DTwo.解析：推理判断题。根据文章末段可推测有六个因素(factors)“age and genetic，diabetes and high blood pressure，overweight and not getting enough exercises。答案：A.短文改错During the summer holiday，I think I should do something1 meaningful instead touring.So I go
40、t a job at a fast2 food restaurant and worked there for a cleaner.I worked 7 hours a day3. for three weeks.The job was hard and bored and seemed endless，4. it made me so tired that I nearly left it halfway through the summer.5. In the end，I stuck it with determination.Every day I started6 off for wo
41、rk early in the morning and got to home late in the7 evening.Final，I finished the job before the new school term8 began.Now，I understand that labor means.I think it was really9. a successful experience，which is worth remembering forever.10 1解析：与下文时态一致。答案：thinkthought2解析：instead后只有加介词of才能跟宾语。答案：instead后加of3解析：work as意为“作为而工作；work for意为“为而工作。答案：foras4解析：bored意为“感到厌烦的；boring意为“令人厌烦的。答案：boredboring5解析：此处是非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子。假设用it，须另起一句。答案：第一个itwhich6解析：stick(坚持)为不及物动词，需加to才能接宾语。答案：stuck后加to9解析：此处what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作means的宾语。而that引导宾语从句时不作句子成分。答案：thatwhat10