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1、十年高考【-】英语分类汇编-动词及短语动词u 动词及短语动词在高考中的考查重点：1.系动词的比拟；2.动词和短语动词的习惯用法和意义辨析高考的重中之重。【全国卷,34】William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to .【答案】C【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】disappear消失，不复存在；fall降落，跌倒，降低；fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱；damage损害, 毁坏, 加害于。句意为“William 发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退了。“increasing
2、ly difficult越来越困难是个渐进的过程，应选C。【全国卷II,10】Mary, I_John of his promise to help you. A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised【答案】B【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。remind of就提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起；warn含有警告的意思。【卷,6】I a bank account after I made1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.A.bor
3、rowed B【答案】B【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了1000美元后，我在银行开了帐户。open a bank account在银行开帐户。【卷,28】Are you still mad at her?Not really, but I cant _ that her remarks hurt me.AdenyBrefuseCrejectDdecline【答案】A【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“你还生她的气吗？不见得，但是我不否认她的话伤害了我。deny否认，否认；refuse，reject，decline都是拒绝的意思。not deny无法否认。应选A。【卷
4、,28】Id prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence.【答案】D【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“我宁愿保存我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。reserve预订或保存(座位、住处等)，推迟，留到以后，与后面的until相一致。【卷,21】As the story_, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops【答案】D【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“随着故事的展开，这个神
5、秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了。develop开发, 开展，把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来。根据句意选D。【卷,26】Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also_ our thinking.A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve【答案】B【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“如果我们想要获得成功，知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。direct指示, 指引，导演戏剧或电影；指挥管弦乐队；limit限制；change改变；im
6、prove改良，改善。根据句中but的转折，选B。【卷,27】The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but well never_ with criminals.A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult【答案】A【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】negotiate谈判；quarrel吵架，争吵；argue辩论，争辩；consult商议,咨询。句意为“部长说：我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论，但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。根据句意选A。【卷,28】Cl
7、inical evidence began to_, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.A. operate B. strenghten C. approve D. accumulate【答案】D【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“不断增加的临床证据说明：比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计，这些新药具有更加广泛有用性。operate手术，操作；strenghten加强；approve赞成
8、；accumulate积累，数量逐渐增加。应选D。【卷,22】What are you doing out of bed, Tom? Youre to be asleep. ,A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered【答案】A【考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“Tom，你不睡觉做什么？你现在应该睡觉。out of bed未上床，起床的意思，be supposed to do应当，应该。【卷,24】You are old enough to your own living.A.win B. gain C. take D. earn【答案】D【
9、考点】考查动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“你长大了，可以自谋生路了。earn ones living 谋生，固定搭配。【全国卷,26】I can the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.A. come up with B.put up with C. turn to D.stick to【答案】B【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是脏我讨厌。come up with想出, 提出；put up with 忍受, 容忍；turn to转向，翻书到，求助于，(使)变成；stick to坚持，紧跟，粘住
10、，忠于。不整洁的;凌乱的【卷,8】She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A.turned down B.dealt with C.took after D.came across【答案】D【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“昨天在百货商店购物时，她遇上了她的老朋友。turn down拒绝；deal with对付，处理；take after 长得像，性格类似于，效仿；come across穿过, 越过，偶然遇见。【卷,25】They are broadening
11、 the bridge to _ the flow of traffic.A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out【答案】B【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“他们正在拓宽桥梁以加快交通流量。put off推迟；speed up加快；turn on翻开水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等，(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋；work out算出，实现。拓宽桥梁的目的是加快交通流量，应选B。【卷,30】You look upset. Whats the matter？ I had my proposal _ again.Aturned over Btur
12、ned on Cturned off Dturned down【答案】D【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“你看上去不快乐，怎么啦？我的建议又遭到拒绝了。turn over翻身，翻转，把移交；turn on翻开水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等，(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋；turn off关掉电器、水龙头等，使厌烦；turn down关小音量等，拒绝。根据句意选D。【卷,31】Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing.A.brought up B.turned down C.
13、looked after D.held back【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“出身在一个三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重与人分享的教育。bring up教育，养育(孩子)，呕吐(食物)；turn down关小音量等，拒绝；look after照顾；hold back阻碍，抑制，隐瞒。【卷, 34】If you _faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A. come acrossB. care aboutC. look forD. focus u
14、pon【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要，你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。come across偶然遇到；care about关心，在乎；look for寻找；focus upon专注于。【卷,6】The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose Ill just have to _it,A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析
15、。【解析】句意为“这所并不是我原来真正想去的，但我现在想尽量好好利用它了。make the best of充分利用，尽量好好去做；get away from逃离；keep an eye on照看,，留心; 注意；catch up with追上，赶上。对照现在和过去对态度的变化，选A。【卷,12】He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _at a hotel for the night.A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up【答案】D【考点】
16、考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“他决定一路驾车回家，不在旅馆留宿。put down放下，平定, 镇压，记下；put off推迟；put on穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加；put up举起，建立，张贴，投宿。根据句意选D。【卷,7】To get a better grade, you should _the notes again before the test.A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“为了获得好成绩，你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。go over审查，复习，重温从头
17、到尾检查一遍；get over越过，完成，克服(困难)，从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来；turn over翻身，翻转，把移交；take over接管; 接替。【卷,14】I often the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.A.look up B.look at C. look for D.look into【答案】A【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。look up查单词、 号码等；look at看，注视(某人或某物)；look for寻找；look into深入
18、地检查，研究，调查。【卷,25】Some insects_the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out【答案】C【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】take in吸收，欺骗；take off拿走, 取下，脱去衣服等，起飞；take on承当，呈现，雇用；take out把带出去，去除, 除掉。句意为“一些昆虫为了保护自己，让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色相似。【卷,29】The government has taken measures t
19、o _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down【答案】B【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。take down拆卸，记录，记下；bring down使(某物或某人)掉下倒下，击败，降(价)；hand down把传递下来，遗留; 流传；tear down拆毁; 拆卸。根据后面的“保持市场的稳定选B。【卷,26】The exam results will
20、be on Friday afternoon.A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away【答案】C【考点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】句意为“考试结果将在星期五下午公布。put down放下，平定, 镇压，记下；put off推迟；put up举起，建立，张贴，投宿；put away放好，储存，抛弃。根据句意选C。【卷35】You cant predict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect.A.run out B.break out C.work out D. put out.【答案】C【考
21、点】考查短语动词的辨析。【解析】run out 耗尽；break out 打破；work out 算出，实现；put out 扑灭。句意为“你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。选C。10全国The workers _ the glasses and marked on each box “ This Side UpA. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed答案D考点动词词义辨析解析句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上 “此面向上。 选项为四个意思上毫无关联的动词, 此题考查动词的词义辨析。carry 译为搬运, delive
22、r译为递送, press译为按, 压, pack译为打包。10全国My mother opened drawer to _the knives and spoons.A. put away B. put up C. put on D. put together答案A考点考查动词词组辨析。解析put away 放好, 收拾起来；put up举起, 搭建, 张贴, 挂起；put on 穿上, 戴上；put together 组装, 装配, 把凑合起来10More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities space.A.
23、in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of答案D考点短语辨析解析A. 寻找 B. 代替; C. 因缺乏 D. 生怕, 以免。句子的完整意思应该是：大城市建起越来越多的高楼大厦, 因为缺乏空间。,10Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets it.A. keep up withB. do away withC. get down toD. look forward to答案C考点动词词组辨析解析A. keep up with 保持 B.
24、do away with废除, 去掉；C. get down to着手处理D. look forward to盼望, 期待10 In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.-I cant agree more. Its great to have the two .A. linked B. related C. connected D. combined答案D考点动词词义辨析解析A.; 联系在一起；将人或物连接或联系起来；B. 与有某种联系;C. 连接, 连结；;D. 使联合, 使结合；10In ancient t
25、imes, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled the local market. A. longer than B. more than C. as much as D. as far as答案D考点此题考查介词词组。解析根据动词travel可判断此处应填关于路程的介词词组, 此题即为as far as。as far as远到.10No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone _you wishing t
26、hey were that highA. getting rid of B. getting along withC. Looking up to D. looking down upon答案C考点此题考查动词短语辨析。解析getting rid of意为 “摆脱；去除； getting along with意为 “与相处；进展； Looking up to意为 “尊敬；敬仰； looking down upon意为 “看不起；轻视。句意为 “你无论认为自己怎样低下, 总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。10-How did you like Nicks performance last night?
27、-To be honest, his singing didnt _to me much A. appeal B . belong C refer D. occur答案A考点此题考查动词辨析。解析appeal to 意为 “吸引；belong to意为 “属于；refer to意为 “提到；涉及；occur to意为 “突然想到。 句意为 “她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。10Parents _ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.A attac
28、h B pay C link D apply答案A考点考查动词词组。解析,attach importance to 关注.10Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just _ sweet dreams.A keep up with B put up with C end up with D catch up with答案C考点考查动词词组。解析keep up with 保持, put up with 忍受, end up with 以 为结束 catch up with 赶上。10We give dogs time, sp
29、ace and love we c an spare, and _, dogs give us their all.A in all B in fact C in short D in return答案D考点考查in的词组。解析in all 共计 in fact实际上 in short 简而言之 in return 以作为回报。10Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up答案C考点此题考
30、查动词短语意义辨析。解析句意应为 “山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。表示 “学会用pick up; pick up另外还有 “捡起; 顺车接送,搭载；收拾, 整理；重新开始；获得等义；bring up 表示 “抚养, 教育；提出；呕吐；look up 表示 “向上看；(形势)好转, 改善；查阅；set up表示 “建立, 设置；造成, 产生。10Your house is always so neathow do you _ it with three children? A. manage B. serve C. adapt D. construct答案A考点此题考查动词在具
31、体语境中的使用。解析句意应为 “你家里总是那么整洁-家里有三个孩子, 你是怎么设法做到的? 表示 “设法做成某事用manage it。serve表示 “为效劳；接待；adapt表示 “使适应, 使适合；construct表示 “建造, 构筑；构思。10Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion , and as a manager.A. ended up B. dropped out C. came back D. started off答案A考点考查短语动词的用法。解析句意：作为一名职员参加公司, 他很快得到提升, 最后当上了经理。
32、ended up as 作为而结束的意思；dropped out是 “退出, 退学的意思；came back是 “回来的意思；started off是 “动身, 出发的意思。只有A项符合题意。10He telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London.A. order B. arrange C. take D. book 答案D考点考查动词意义。解析句意：他打 给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。book和tickets搭配, 是“订票的意思。10Some people eat with their eyes. They pref
33、er to order what nice. A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes答案A考点考查系动词辨析。解析与上句中的eat with their eyes相对, 后句应该为点看起来很好吃的东西。故正确答案为A。10Jenny was looking for a seat when, luckily, a man and left Atook up Bgot up Cshut up Dset up答案B考点考查动词词组。解析get up意为 “起床, 起立。句意为 “Jenny正在找一个座位, 正在那时, 很幸运地, 一个人站起来离开了。应选B。1意为
34、 “从事, 占据时间或空间；C意为 “闭嘴；D意为 “建造, 搭起。10Thousands of foreigners were_ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.A. attended B. attained C. attracted D. attached答案C考点考查动词意义。解析表示成千上万的外宾被吸引来参加的世博会。10The experiment has_ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean the
35、re is no life on other planets.A. found out B. pointed out C. ruled out D. carried out答案C考点考查动词词组。解析排除可能性。Find out是查找出 point out指出 carry out执行, 实施10So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is_ ideal. We have to work still harder.A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to答案B考点考
36、查动词短语辨析。解析far from 表示not at all . next to 表示仅次于 due to表示因为,由于10You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _ you, I suppose. A. agree with B. agree to C. agree on D. agree about 答案A考点考查动词短语辨析。解析Agree with：同意, 赞成；与相适应；agree to：同意, 赞成(观点, 看法等)；agree on：就达成协议；agree about：对. 有相同的看法。题干意思是：你看上去
37、很好。我认为：的空气和海鲜很适合你。选A。10Just as the clothes a person wears , the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house his personality. A. resembles B. strengthens C. reflects D. shapes答案C考点考查动词词义辨析解析“就好似一个人穿什么, 吃什么, 以及和什么样的人交往能反映人的个性一样, 一个人的住房也是如此。要选一个表示 “反映的词, 就是reflect. “resemble =
38、look like; “strengthen表示 “加强, 稳固；“shape作动词表示 “塑形10Had he her promise, she would have made it to Yale University. A. looked up to B. lived up to C. kept up with D. come up with答案B考点动词词组辨析解析该题的难点不仅仅在于这四个词组的辨析, 更主要的是考生要读得懂这个句子的意思。该句是典型的虚拟语气, “if 引导的非真实条件句的倒装句, 描述的事于过去事实是相反的。“如果她当年履行了自己的诺言, 她就会进入耶鲁大学了。
39、look up to(抬头看, 尊重)keep up with(跟上, 追上)come up with(追赶上；想出；提出), 只有live up to(履行, 实行)符合题意。10It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money favors to them. A. in preference to B. in place of C. in agreement with D. in exchange for答案D考点词组辨析解析先理解短语的意思. In preference to(优先于)；in plac
40、e of(代替)；in agreement with(同意, 与一致)；in exchange for(交换)。其实辨析这几个介词短语的难度不大, 只需要认识每一个短语中的核心词preference, exchange, place, agreement的意思即可, 猜想较为容易。10Thousands of people _ to watch yesterdays match against Ireland.Aturned on Bturned in Cturned around Dturned out答案D考点考查短语动词的用法。解析句意：数千人出来观看昨天同爱尔兰队的比赛。turn ou
41、t 有“外出的意思, 而turn on 那么是“翻开, turn in “上床睡觉, 上缴等意思；turn around是 “转身的意思。只有turn out 符合语境。10The new movie _ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time . A. promises B. agrees c. pretends D. declines 答案A考点解析句意：这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。考查动词意义辨析。promise除了表示 “允诺, 容许外, 还有 “有的希望的意思；agree是 “同意, 赞同；preten
42、d是 “假装；decline是 “衰老, 衰退。只有promises符合题意。10The majority of people in the town strongly the plan to build a playground for children. Aconsider BsupportCconfirm Dsubmit答案B考点此题考查动词辨析。解析分析四个选项的意思：consider考虑, 思考, 认为等；support支持, 拥护, 维持；confirm证实, 确认；submit使屈服, 使经受。根据语境：镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的方案。10After that, he knew he could any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability.Aget away withBget on with Cget through Dget across答案C考点此题考查与get相关的短语辨析。解析分析四个选项