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1、初二英语Revision：介词的定义和特征牛津版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Revision：介词的定义和特征二. 教学过程：介词是一种用来表示词与词，词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作主语，状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。例如： Most of the students went to the classroom. 大局部学生去了教室。We play basketball on the sports ground. 我们在操场上打篮球。介词常与动词，形容词，名词一起构成固定
2、搭配。belong to 属于 rely on 依靠 talk to 同谈话 be afraid of 害怕 be strict with对严格 介词一般放在名词之前。但它后面的介词宾语是疑问代词，疑问副词或者关系代词时，这些词提到了前面而只剩下介词在后了。Where do you come from? 你是哪儿人? Who are you talking to? 你在跟谁谈话呢? What do you study for? 你为了什么而学习? 介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小，但它们的用法却非常灵活，复杂。以下为常用介词及含义： about 关于，附近，大约，周围，随身。I have boug
3、ht a book about Shakespearean. 我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。There are about fifteen trees in the picture. 图片里大约有十五棵树。above 在上，高出，以上，超过，在上游。The plane is flying above the clouds. 飞机在云上飞行。I think the man is above sixty years old. 我想那人有六十多岁了。across 横过，对面，交叉，在的对面。Can you swim across the river？ 你能游过河吗？ We live across th
4、e street. 我们住在街的对面。after 在后面，依照。He went home after school. 他放学后就回家了。Read after me, please. 请跟我朗读。against 撞到，靠着，反对，违背，The car hit against the tree. 汽车撞了树。He is standing against the wall. 他靠墙站着。along 沿着，顺着。 They are walking along the river. 他们沿着河行走。among 在当中。He is the tallest among them. 他是他们当中个子最高的。a
5、round 在的周围，在那一边。They sat around the table talking the news. 他们围桌而坐谈论新闻。There is a drugstore around the corner. 拐角处有一家药店。as 作为。 He doesnt like people treat him as a child. 他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待。at 在时刻，在点钟，在岁时，向，在之中，按速度，值卖钱，He always gets up at six in the morning. 他时常早上六点钟起床。He shot at the bird but missed it
6、. 他向鸟射击，但是没射中。The car goes at eighty miles an hour. 汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶。before 在的前面位置，在之前时间He took a picture before the car. 他在汽车前照了张照片。He cant finish his work before supper. 晚饭前他完不成工作。behind 在的后面位置，落后于，不如，迟于，晚于时间Are there any brooms behind the door. 门后有扫帚吗？ All of us are behind him in mathematics. 我们数学
7、都不如他。below 在之下，低于，There are four lights below the ceiling. 天花板下面有四盏灯。The murderer run away below the polices eyes. 杀人犯从警察眼皮底下跑了。beside 在的旁边，在之外，与相比。He found the body by the river. 他在河边发现了尸体。Beside yours，my computer is too slow. 与你的计算机速度相比，我的就慢多了。besides 除之外，We are all here besides Bowe. 除鲍外，我们也都来了。b
8、etween 在两者之间，The relations between the two countries has improved since then. 两国的关系从那以后得到了改善。beyond 在那边，The shop you are looking for is beyond the street, you cant miss it. 你要找的商店在街的那边，你不会找不到的。but 除去。 He has nothing but money. 他除钱以外什么都没有。by 被，在的近旁，在之前，不迟于，以为手段。The classroom was cleaned by the studen
9、ts. 教室由学生们清扫干净了。Miss Lucy came to China by air. 露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的。down 沿着往下。She walked down the street. 她沿着街道走。during 在期间，在时候。During the holiday, we went to the south. 我们假期去了南方。except 除之外。He knows nothing except English. 他除英语以外什么都不知道。for 为，因为，至于。He works for this company. 他为这家公司工作。She came back to the cl
10、assroom for she had left her books in the classroom. 她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里。from 从，来自，因为。Where are you from? 你是哪里人？ He died from an accident. 他死于一场事故。in 在，在之内，从事于，按照，穿着。He was born in 1992. 他生于1992年。I could finish the program in two weeks. 我可以用两周时间完成这个工程。He spend less time in reading. 他读书时间很少。like 像，如同。Th
11、e twins are like their father. 双胞胎像他们的父亲。near 靠近。There are some flowers near the house. 房子附近有一些花。of 的，属于。This is a map of China. 这是一张中国地图。off 离开，在之外。The young man got off the train quickly. 那个年青人很快下了火车。I live in a village a little way off the main road. 我住在离大路不远的一个村庄里。on 在之上。My book is on the table.
12、 我的书在桌子上。out of 从出来，在之外。The dog run out of the house. 狗从房子里跑出来。outside 外边。They are waiting outside the gate. 他们在门外等着。over 在之上，遍于之上，越过。There is a light over the desk. 桌子上方有盏灯。He is over sixty years old. 他有六十多岁。past 越过，过，超越。The students walked past the post office. 学生们走过了邮局。It is ten past two. 现在是两点十分
13、。round 围着，绕过，在周围。We sat round the table. 我们围着桌子坐下。The earth goes round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。since 自以后，自以来。He has made great progress in English since he came into the college. 从他来到大学后，他的英语有了很大进步。through 经过，穿过。They went through the forest. 他们穿过了森林。throughout 普及，在各处。The police searched for the criminal th
14、roughout the mountain. 警察搜山寻找犯人。till 直到，在以前。He didnt come back till eleven oclock. 他直到十一点钟才回来。Well be home till six. 六点以前我们都会在家。to 到，向，趋于。How long is it from here to the station？ 从这儿到车站有多远？ under 在之下，低于。There are some footballs under the bed. 床底下有几个足球。These students are under seventeen years old. 这些
15、学生们不到十七岁。until 直到，在以前，Please wait for us until we come back. 请等着我们回来。It was not until last week that I handed in mathematics paper. 直到上周，我才交了数学论文。up 在上面，在上。He went up the stairs. 他上了楼梯。upon 在之上，迫近。Its not polite to look down upon him. 蔑视他是不礼貌的。within 在之内。You must finish the work within two weeks. 你必
16、须两周内完成这项工作。without 没有，不，在之外。We cant do it better without your help. 没有你的帮助，我们就做不好。We couldnt live without air and water. 没有空气和水，我们就不可能生存。【模拟试题】一 1. Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays.A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on 2. -There is nothing _tomorrow afternoon, is there?-No. We
17、can have a game of table tennis.A. on B. in C. out D. up 3. A lot of students in our school were born _March, 1981.A. in B. at C. on D. since 4. He suddenly returned_ a rainy night.A. on B. at C. in D. during 5. My grandfather was born _Oct. 10, 1935.A. on B. in C. at D. of 6. The train is starting
18、_five minutes.A. in B. at C. for D. still 7. Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening.A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on二 1. The population of the world has grown very fast _ four hundred years.A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past 2. We returned to our hometown_.A. nex
19、t week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week 3. Great changes have taken place_.A. in the last few year B. in the last few yearsC. last year D. on the last year三 1. Children wake up very early _the morning of Christmas Day.A. in B. on C. for D. at 2. _ a cold winter morning, I met her in th
20、e street.A. In B. On C. At D. For 3. It happened to be very cold_ the morning of our sports meet.A. at B. on C. with D. of 4. Why did you get up so early _ this morning? A. on B. / C. at D. in四 1. He went to Shanghai_ September 3, 1991 and came back_ a cold morning last year.A. in; on B. on; in C. o
21、n; on D. in; in 2. Lucy was born_ the night of May 12, 1984. A. on B. in C. at D. to 3. Mrs Brown came to China _ 1996.A. on B. of C. to D. in 4. _ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning _Joe Hill.A. On; to B. In; of C. On; forD. At; for 5. Ann moved _Ha
22、ngzhou _September, 1992.A. /; in B. to; in C. to; on D. in; in 6. They started off _an autumn afternoon.A. during B. at C. in D. on五 1. He often goes _ school _ six thirty _ the morning.A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; for; at D. for; at; to 2. He arrived _ Shanghai _ 9: 30 _ March 5. A. at; in; a
23、t B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on 3. The English teacher told me to get there_ half past ten.A: in B. at C. on D. of 4. The children get up _ 6 oclock.A. at B. on C. during D. in六 1. The doctor worked_ five hours_ a rest.A. for; with B. on; withoutC. about; having D. for; without 2. I work
24、ed on the problem _ a long time and I worked it out _myself_ last.A. for; by; at B. in; with; onC. on; by; in D. for; for; at the 3. A new factory will be set up:_ a year. A. for B. in C. after D. on 4. Two years_ he began to write another story-book.A. after B. later C. in D. late 5. We will finish
25、 the picture _ a day.A. in B. on C. after D. on 6. The workers had been_ strike _almost a month.A. on; in B. at; in C. on; for D. on; during 7. Mr Brown had lain _ the ground _ four hours before they finally found him.A. on; for B. at; in C. on; after D. in; during七 1. The teacher is coming back_ an
26、 hour.A. after B. for C. in D. before 2. She lived in the mountain village_ the years 1940-1950.A. between B. during C. in D. since 3. Miss Wang will come to Beijing_ two days.A. after B. in C. on D. before 4. The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won _ the end.A. by B. at C. in
27、D. on八 1. Mary had finished her homework_ the time I got home.A. until B. by C. at D. when 2. We stayed at the lab_ our teacher returned.A. till B. by C. during D. while 3. They didnt leave the station_ they get on the train.A. until B. by C. after D. at九 1. Dont worry. He will return_.A. before lon
28、g B. long before C. long long ago D. long ago 2. There lived an old man, fishing at sea_.A. long before B. before long C. long time ago D. soon 3. It was not _ they came back.A. long before B. before long C. long time before D. long after 4. I was told that his uncle had gone to France _.A. long bef
29、ore B. shortly after C. before long D. long ago十 1. _ Tom gets up at five in the morning.A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times 2. I remember we met each other_ last year.A. sometime B. some times C. some time D. sometimes 3. Mary and I have been to the Great Wall,_.A. sometime B. some
30、time C. sometimes D. some times 4. He studied English for _ in London, and then he went to America.A. sometimes B. sometime C. some time D. some times十一 1. I dont like to sit _ Toms right. I would like to sit _ the back row.A. on; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on 2. There is a brook_ red flowers and
31、 green grass_ both sides. A. of; with B. with; on C. of; at D. with; in 3. There are many trees _ of the road! And _ of the trees is growing larger and larger. A. on both side; a number B. on each sides; a number C. on both sides; the number D. on every side; the number十二 1. The plane is flying _.A.
32、 in the sky B. in the air C. in space D. in sky 2. There is a sweet smell_.A. in the air B. in the open airC. in the sky D. in the space 3. We held an interesting party_.A. in the air B. in the sky C. in the open air D. in space 4. Seen from_, the earth appears to be a big blue ball.A. the space B.
33、space C. a space D. this space十三 1. Tom sits _the classroom while John sits _the room.A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of 2. Lucy sits_ the third row, _Jims left.A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on 3. Jiangsu
34、 is_ the east of China, but Japan is _ the east of China. A. to; in B. in; to C. on; to D. to; on十四 1. -Can I look up a word_ your dictionary?-I havent got _me.A. into; about B. in; with C. at; in D. on; on 2. I like mooncakes _ meat _ them.A. in; on B. with; on C. in; the D. with; in 3. When you ar
35、e _ trouble please ask help _ us.A. in; from B. in; for C. on; from D. on; of 4. The shopkeeper said they had sold out the shoes_ your size.A. about B. in C. to D. of 5. I saw him _hurry at the moment.A. in a B. in C. on D. on a十五 1. He put up a map _ the back wall because there was a hole _ it.A. o
36、n; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at 2. There is a door_ the wall. A. on B. to C. of D. in 3. This kind of VCD is made_ China.A. in B. from C. at D. on 4. Any man _ eyes_ his head can see that hes exactly like a rope.A. with; on B. with; in C. on; with D. in; with十六 1. There are some birds singing_ t
37、he trees.A. in B. on C. at D. from 2. Dont read _ the sun. Its bad _ your eyes.A. in; to B. under; for C. with; to D. in; on 3. The woman_ a blue dress is my teacher.A. in B. on C. of D. at 4. There are so many apples_ that tree.A. in B. on C. at D. from十七 1. The boat is passing_ the bridge.A. throu
38、gh B. below C. under D. across 2. Two planes are flying_ the city.A. through B. overC. on D. below 3. We can see a river running to the east_ the hill.A. under B. below C. over D. on 4. Do you see the kite _ the building? A. over B. cross C. on D. above十八 1. The United States is _ the south of Canad
39、a and _ the east of Japan.A. to; in B. on; to C. in; beside D. at; on 2. My hometown lies_ the city. _ I often go to the city by bike. A. 50 miles in the east; However B. to the east 40 miles of; But C. in the east 45 miles from; But D. 35 miles east of; However 3. The man stood _the window, watchin
40、g the boys playing outside. A. in B. by C. with D. to 4. Japan lies_ the east of China.A. on B. to C. in D. with【试题答案】一 17 B A A A A A B 二13 C C B 三14 B B B B 四16 C A D B A D 五14 B D B A 六17 B A B B A C A 七14 C B B C八13 B A A 九14 A A A A 十14 B A D C 十一13 A B C十二14 A A C B 十三13 B D B 十四15 B D A B A 十五14 C D A B 十六14 A A A B 十七14 C B B D 十八14 B B B B